[The modification of the toxic effects of phenyl mercury by the adaptive reactions of the rat kidney. 1. Timely development of adaptation]. / Beeinflussung toxischer Wirkungen von Phenylquecksilber durch adaptive Reaktionen der Rattenniere. 1. Mitteilung: Zeitliche Entwicklung der Anpassung.

Doses of 0.5 mg/kg body weight, 1.5 mg/kg, 3.0 mg/kg, 7.5 mg/kg, and 15.0 mg/kg of phenylmercury acetate (PMA), as a model substance, were administered to Ico:WIST rats, over periods of 1, 5, 20, and 40 days, for the purpose of studying time-dependent and dose-related buildup of adaptive alterations in kidney. Substance-related damage to kidneys was assessed with reference to functional and morphological parameters. Application of organic PMA resulted exclusively in accumulation in kidneys of inorganic Hg, as had been shown by determination of residues. One single application of a toxic dose of phenylmercury acetate caused severe structural and functional necrobiotic damage. Repetitive applications caused renal damage in response to lower daily doses but caused also adaptation of kidneys to effect of higher doses. Adaptation was characterised by unambiguous reduction in necrosis, increase in regenerative cells in tubular epithelium, limited enzyme excretion in urine as well as restitution of impaired functional parameters and proteinuria. These findings are discussed in some detail, with reference being made to effects of other Hg compounds and possible mechanisms of adaptation.

[Subchronic toxicity of gamma-Falisan-Universal dry dressing agent to rats]. / Beitrag zur subchronischen Toxizität von gamma-Falisan-Universal-Trockenbeize bei Ratten.

Doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of Gamma-Falisan-Universal dry dressing agent (active ingredients including 20 per cent of Lindan and 2.5 per cent of phenyl-mercury acetate) were administered in agar suspension by stomach intubation to rats over 13 weeks, with five applications weekly. The following changes were produced: retardation in body weight, lymphopenia and leucopenia, rise of segment-nuclear neutrophils in peripheral blood, decrease of haematocrit and haemoglobin, as well as rise in activities of leucine aminopeptidase and serum glutamate oxalo-acetate transaminase. The males proved to be more sensitive in the context of their haematological parameters, while the females displayed higher sensitivity in terms of clinico-chemical values. Absolute weight increases were recorded from kidneys and liver of both males and females and from the adrenal gland of females, while weight loss was recorded from the pituitary gland of males. Changes of the same kind were expressed even more strongly, in the context of relative weights of organs. Histopathological changes were recorded from liver, kidneys, and adrenal gland of either sex, and they were histometrically confirmed. Retardation in body weight, rise in activity of leucine aminopeptidase, and weight changes of various organs were significant up to first dosage group. Analogous findings were obtained with regard to microscopic changes in kidneys. Hence, no-effect levels did not occur at all throughout the experiment.