RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Pertussis, a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease, remains a public health problem. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to describe epidemiological and clinical patterns of B. pertussis-caused respiratory infection over the period 2006-2010 in Santa Fe, Argentina. METHODS: Inpatients and outpatients < 14 years of age, meeting pertussis case definition criteria were included. Household family contacts of confirmed cases with compatible symptoms were also surveyed. RESULTS: 1074 patients were evaluated, 102 (9.49%) were confirmed through PCR. The proportion of confirmed cases was: in 2006, 35.5%; 2007, 21.2%; 2008, 4.9%. In 2009 and 2010 no cases were detected. 94.2% of hospitalized patients and 42.8% of outpatients were less than six months of age. Of all patients, 67.6% required hospitalization as they had a moderate to severe illness. The length of stay for these patients was over six days. 27.5% had pre-existing medical conditions, the most frequent being prematurity and malnutrition. The outcome was severe in 23.1% of cases, all of whom hadn't started the vaccination schedule. Severe pulmonary hypertension was present in five patients. Fatality rate was 4.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Pertussis mainly affected children < 6 months, non-vaccinated or with less than 3 doses. The bacterium was also detected among adults and teenagers.
Assuntos
Coqueluche/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lactente , Fatores de Risco , Estações do Ano , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Coqueluche/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Introduction: Pertussis, a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease, remains a public health problem. Objective: The goal of this study is to describe epidemiological and clinical patterns of B. pertussis-caused respiratory infection over the period 2006-2010 in Santa Fe, Argentina. Methods: Inpatients and outpatients < 14 years of age, meeting pertussis case definition criteria were included. Household family contacts of confirmed cases with compatible symptoms were also surveyed. Results: 1074 patients were evaluated, 102 (9.49%) were confirmed through PCR. The proportion of confirmed cases was: in 2006, 35.5%; 2007, 21.2%; 2008, 4.9%. In 2009 and 2010 no cases were detected. 94.2% of hospitalized patients and 42.8% of outpatients were less than six months of age. Of all patients, 67.6% required hospitalization as they had a moderate to severe illness. The length of stay for these patients was over six days. 27.5% had pre-existing medical conditions, the most frequent being prematurity and malnutrition. The outcome was severe in 23.1% of cases, all of whom hadn't started the vaccination schedule. Severe pulmonary hypertension was present in five patients. Fatality rate was 4.9%. Conclusions: Pertussis mainly affected children < 6 months, non-vaccinated or with less than 3 doses. The bacterium was also detected among adults and teenagers.
Introducción: Tos convulsiva es una enfermedad respiratoria prevenible por vacuna, que continúa siendo un problema de salud pública. Objetivo: Describir el patrón clínico y epidemiológico de la infección respiratoria por Bordetella pertussis durante el período 2006-2010 en Santa Fe, Argentina. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes internados y ambulatorios menores de 14 años, que cumplieron con los criterios de definición de caso de coqueluche y los contactos de casos confirmados. Resultados: Se evaluaron 1.074 pacientes, 102 (9,49%) fueron confirmados por RPC. La proporción de casos confirmados fue: en 2006: 35,5%; 2007: 21,2%; 2008: 4,9%. En los años 2009 y 2010 no se detectaron casos. El 67,6% requirió internación con una duración de 6 días. El 94,2% de los pacientes hospitalizados fue menor de 6 meses y en los ambulatorios el 42,8%. El 27,5% presentaba condiciones médicas pre-existentes, siendo prematuridad y desnutrición las más frecuentes. La evolución de la enfermedad fue grave en 23,1% de los casos, los cuales no habían iniciado el calendario de vacunaciones. Se presentó hipertensión pulmonar grave en 5 pacientes. La letalidad fue de 4,9%. Discusión: La enfermedad afectó principalmente a lactantes < 6 meses, no vacunados o con menos de 3 dosis. La bacteria también se detectó entre adultos y adolescentes.
