RESUMO
A hérnia discal lombar é causa importante bem como a mais freqüente de lombalgia e ciática. Muitos dos casos podem prontamente ser diagnosticados através do simples exame semiológico. A ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) estabelece um diagnóstico definitivo mesmo em bases ambulatoriais. Diversos tipos de cistos intraespinais com diferentes patogenias foram descritos no passado como cistos perineurais, cistos sinoviais, cistos aracnóides e cistos ganglionares, que são doenças difíceis de diferenciar da hérnia de disco lombar. Os autores observaram recentemente um caso de cisto intraespinal comunicante com o disco intervertebral correspondente, apresentando sinais e sintomas e mesmo alguns achados radiológicos indistinguíveis daqueles da herniação discal lombar. O diagnóstico foi estabelecido pela RNM e confirmado no momento da cirurgia. Este artigo descreve as características dessa entidade clínica, incluindo quadro clínico, aparência radiográfica e achados histológicos, a fim de discutir possíveis patogenias e tratamento.
Herniated lumbar disc is an important as well as the most common cause of low back pain and sciatica. Many cases can be readily diagnosed by simple semiological examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a definitive diagnosis even in an outpatient basis. Several types of intraspinal cysts with different pathogenesis have been reported in the past, such as perineural cysts, synovial cysts, arachnoid cysts, and ganglion cysts, diseases that are difficult to differentiate from lumbar disc herniation. Recently, the authors have observed one case of intraspinal cyst communicating with the corresponding intervertebral disk, presenting clinical symptoms, signs, and even some radiographic findings undistinguishable from those of herniated disks. The diagnosis established by MRI and confirmed at surgery. This paper describes the features of this distinct clinical condition, including clinical findings, images, and histological aspects, to discuss possible pathogenesis and management.
Una hernia de disco lumbar es una causa importante, así como la más frecuente causa del dolor lumbar y ciática. Muchos casos pueden ser fácilmente diagnosticados por el examen semiológico simple. La resonancia magnética (RM) proporciona un diagnóstico definitivo, incluso en atención ambulatoria. Varios tipos de quistes intraespinales con diferentes patogénesis se han descrito en el pasado como quistes perineurales, quistes sinoviales, los quistes aracnoideos y quistes ganglionares, enfermedades que son difíciles de diferenciar de la hernia de disco lumbar. Los autores observaron recientemente un caso de quiste intraespinal, que en comunicación con el disco intervertebral correspondiente, presentando signos y síntomas e incluso algunos hallazgos radiológicos que no se distinguen de los de la hernia discal lumbar. El diagnóstico fue determinado por RM y confirmado en la cirugía. En este artículo se describen las características de esta entidad clínica, incluyendo el aspecto clínico, radiológico e histológico, para discutir la posible patogénesis y tratamiento.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Ciática , Cisto Sinovial , Dor Lombar , Deslocamento do Disco IntervertebralRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Meningiomas arising purely from the falx below the longitudinal sinus represents a surgical challenge for the neurosurgeon. The authors discuss the new aspects of surgical details that may avoid complications and determine the prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated our surgical experience from June 2004 to January 2010. Seventy patients harboring falcine meningiomas were included and submitted for surgical resection. All historical records, office charts and images were reviewed in order to sample the most important data regarding epidemiology, clinical pictures, radiological findings and surgical results, as well as the main complications. The patients were divided into three main groups: anterior third 32 patients (Group A), middle third 15 patients (Group B), 23 patients in the posterior third of falx (Group C). RESULTS: In Group A, total macroscopic resection was achieved in 31 out of 32 cases (96.87%). Twenty five patients had Rankin 0, five patients had Rankin 1-2, two patients had Rankin 6. In Group B (15 patients), 10 patients had gross resection and Rankin 0, four patients had Rankin 1-2 and one patient had Rankin 6. In Group C (23 patients), 20 patients were absolutely able, Rankin score 0, after six months postoperative period (83.3% had excellent results) and no mortality. Four cases had Rankin score 1 - 2 (16.6%). Ten cases (43.47%) had Simpson I resection and ten cases (43.47%) had Simpson II. CONCLUSION: Despite larger lesion volumes, Group A meningiomas had a better outcome due to the position they were in, the tumor and surrounding structures. The preoperative preparation and surgical planning can preserve sagittal sinus; but in some cases, this is not possible. Sagittal sinus resection, as proven by this paper, is still a factor of bad surgical outcome. In the middle and posterior third, resection of sagittal sinus is a factor of a bad outcome, due to cerebral infartion.
RESUMO
Olfactory groove meningiomas (OGM) account for 4.5% of all intracranial meningiomas. We report 21 patients with OGMs. Tumors were operated on using three surgical approaches: bifrontal (7 patients), fronto-pterional (11 patients) and fronto-orbital (3 patients). Total tumor removal (Simpson Grade 1) was achieved in 13 patients and Simpson II in 8 patients. Perioperative mortality was 4.76%. The average size of the OGM was 4.3+/-1.1cm. The overall recurrence rate was 19%. We preferred to use the pterional approach, which provides quick access to the tumor with less brain exposure. It also allows complete drainage of cisternal cerebrospinal fluid, providing a good level of brain relaxation during surgery. However, for long, thin tumors, hemostasis can be difficult using this approach.
