Comparison of Fourier-domain and time-domain optical coherence tomography in the detection of band atrophy of the optic nerve.

PURPOSE: To compare the ability of Fourier-domain (FD) optical coherence tomography (3D OCT-1000; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) and time-domain (TD) OCT (Stratus; Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc, Dublin, California, USA) to detect axonal loss in eyes with band atrophy (BA) of the optic nerve. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Thirty-six eyes from 36 patients with BA and temporal visual field (VF) defect from chiasmal compression and 36 normal eyes were studied. Subjects were submitted to standard automated perimetry and macular and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measurements were taken using 3D OCT-1000 and Stratus OCT. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for each parameter. Spearman correlation coefficients were obtained to evaluate the relationship between RNFL and macular thickness parameters and severity of VF loss. Measurements from the two devices were compared. RESULTS: Regardless of OCT device, all RNFL and macular thickness parameters were significantly lower in eyes with BA compared with normal eyes, but no statistically significant difference was found with regard to the area under the ROC curve. Structure-function relationships were also similar for the two devices. In both groups, RNFL and macular thickness measurements were generally and in some cases significantly smaller with 3D OCT-1000 than with Stratus OCT. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of FD technology did not lead to better discrimination ability for detecting BA of the optic nerve compared with TD technology when using the software currently provided by the manufacturer. 3D OCT-1000 FD OCT RNFL and macular measurements were generally smaller than TD Stratus OCT measurements. Investigators should be aware of this fact when comparing measurements obtained with these two devices.

Comparison of the temporal hemifield and nasal hemifield sensitivity in patients with early-onset convergent strabismus.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the hypothesis that a reduction in sensitivity of the nasal visual hemifield would lead to an increase in the nasotemporal asymmetry of the visual field in patients under two years of age with early-onset convergent strabismus in comparison with normal patients. METHODS: Both eyes of 66 patients - 33 esotropes and 33 normals - were studied. Patients' age ranged from 7 to 30 years. The examination consisted of a static perimetry using the Humphrey field analyzer 700 Series' Sita Standard program. RESULTS: An accentuation of the nasotemporal asymmetry was seen in the 33 esotropes and was related to an evident decrease of sensitivity in the most peripheral of the points studied along the horizontal meridian of the visual field. The quantitative sum of values of sensitivity of these points showed an average reduction of -15.71% in relation to the normal patients. CONCLUSION: There was a clear accentuation of the nasotemporal asymmetry of sensitivity in esotropes when compared to normal patients. There was no difference in sensitivity between the two eyes in either normals or esotropes.

Análise comparativa da tonometria de aplanaçäo de Goldmann realizada sem fluoresceína, com bastonete de fluoresceína e com colírio de fluoresceína a 1 por cento / Comparative analysis of Goldmann applanation tonometry without fluorescein, with fluorescein paper strip and with 1 per cent fluorescein

Objetivo: Comparar as medidas de tonometria de aplanaçäo de Goldmann realizadas sem fluoresceína, com bastonete de fluoresceína e com colírio de fluoresceína a 1 por cento. Local: Clínica Oftalmológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Säo Paulo. Método: Realizaçäo de tonometria de aplanaçäo de Goldmann em 85 pacientes. No grupo I, em 41 olhos, a tonometria foi feita sem corante e com a utilizaçäo de fluoresceína em bastonete. No grupo II, em 44 olhos, a tonometria foi realizada sem corante e com colírio de fluoresceína a 1 por cento. Resultado: Nos dois grupos foi estatisticamente significante a diferença dos resultados entre as médias das pressöes intra-oculares obtidas das pressöes sem a utilizaçäo de corante e com o uso da fluoresceína. Entre os dois grupos, a diferença das pressöes obtidas na tonometria com corante na forma de bastonete ou colírio näo foi estatisticamente significante. Conclusäo: Na tonometria de aplanaçäo de Goldmann, a presença ou näo de fluoresceína, seja ela em forma de colírio ou bastonete, altera a medida obtida.

Tempo de realizaçäo da prova da prono-posiçäo em quarto escuro / Realization time of the prone position test in a dark room

Vinte e dois olhos contralaterais de 22 pacientes portadores de glaucoma agudo primário unilateral foram submetidos à PPQE durante 10, 30 e 50 minutos com o objetivo de tentar reduzir o tempo de duraçäo deste teste. Os autores observaram que a PPQE aumenta o PIO qualquer que seja o tempo utilizado e que a reduçäo do tempo de prova para 30 minutos deve ser confirmada através de outros estudos.

Prova de Mapstone em olhos acometidos de glaucoma agudo primário / Mapstone provocative test

Vinte e oito olhos de 28 pacientes portadores de glaucoma agudo primário foram submetidos à prova provocativa de Mapstone. A prova foi negativa em todod sos pacientes estudados e o autor faz consideraçöes a respeito desse teste provocativo, e a respeito dos resultados obtidos na sua amostra

Glaucoma agudo primário e retinose pigmentar / Primary angle closure glaucoma and retinitis pigmentosa

Os autores descrevem 4 casos da associaçäo de glaucoma agudo primário e retinose pigmentar, condiçäo esta pouco descrita na literatura. Discute-se a possível relaçäo causal entre as duas patologias, ou se tal associaçäo teria ocorrido ao acaso

Glaucoma traumático: revisäo de 24 casos / Traumatic glaucoma: a 24 cases revision

Análise de 24 pacientes portadores de glaucoma secundário a trauma contuso. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupos de acordo com a presença de alteraçöes cristalinianas e ou de seio camerular e avaliados do ponto de vista epidemiológico, do exame oftalmológico, do tratamento e da evoluçäo. Os autores confirmam a existência de 2 subgrupos entre os pacientes com glaucoma traumático associado a alteraçöes angulares, divididos de acordo com a época de aparecimento do glaucoma. Ressaltam o mau prognóstico dos pacientes com alteraçöes mistas