Aplicabilidad de la superficie corporal e índicesantropométricos para valorar el tamaño corporal en adolescentes que viven a gran altitud / Applicability of body surface area and anthropometric indices to assess bodysize in adolescents living at high altitude

Introducción: Los índices antropométricos se utilizan para evaluar el estado de salud general, la adecuación nutricional y el patrón de crecimiento físico. Objetivo: Verificar la capacidad de estimar adecuadamente el tamaño corporal por medio de la superficie corporal (SC), Índice de masa corporal (IMC) e índice tri-ponderal (ITP) por edad cronológica (EC) y estado de madurez (EM) en adolescentes que viven a gran altitud del Perú. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo (correlacional) en adolescentes de 10 a 14 años. Fueron reclutados 3.088 escolares. Se evaluó el peso, estatura, se calculó la SC por la fórmula de Dobois y Dubois, el IMC y el ITP. Resultados: En ambos sexos el poder de determinación entre SC con EC, EM, peso y estatura fueron altos (hombres: r2= 0,31 a 0,89% y mujeres: r2= 0,36 a 0,94%). En los hombres, las relaciones entre IMC con EC, EM, y estatura fueron nulas (r2= 0.01 a 0.05%), excepto con el peso (r2= 0.70%), mientras que, en las mujeres, las relaciones fueron bajas con la EC, EM y estatura (r2= 0,11 a 0,24%), excepto en el peso (r2=0,805). Con el ITP, las relaciones con la EC, EM y estatura fueron nulas en ambos sexos (hombres: r2= 0,02 a 0,03% y mujeres: r2= 0,00 a 0,07%), excepto con el peso, donde explica r2= 0,33% en hombres y 0,48% en mujeres. No hubo diferencias cuando se comparó entre hombres y mujeres por EC (11, 12 y 13 años), excepto a los 10 y 14 años. Conclusión: Se verificó que la SC se correlacionó significativamente con la EC, EM, peso y estatura en relación al IMC e IP. Estos resultados sugieren que la SC podría ser un mejor indicador para evaluar y monitorizar el tamaño corporal en adolescentes que viven a elevada altitud.(AU)

Introduction: Anthropometric indices are used to assessgeneral health status, nutritional adequacy and physicalgrowth pattern. Objective: To verify the ability to adequately estimatebody size by body surface area (BS), body mass index (BMI) and tri-ponderal index (TPI) by chronological age (CE) andmaturity status (MS) in adolescents living at high altitude inPeru. Methods: A descriptive (correlational) study was carriedout in adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. A total of 3,088schoolchildren were recruited. Weight, height, BF, BMI andITP were evaluated and calculated by the Dobois and Duboisformula. Results: In both sexes the power of determination betweenCS with CE, MS, weight and height were high (males: r2=0.31 to 0.89% and females: r2= 0.36 to 0.94%). In men, therelationships between BMI with CD, MS, and height were null(r2= 0.01 to 0.05%), except with weight (r2= 0.70%),whereas, in women, the relationships were low with CD, MS,and height (r2= 0.11 to 0.24%), except for weight(r2=0.805). With ITP, the relationships with CD, MS andheight were null in both sexes (men: r2= 0.02 to 0.03% andwomen: r2= 0.00 to 0.07%), except with weight, where it ex-plains r2= 0.33% in men and 0.48% in women. There wereno differences when comparing males and females by CE (11,12 and 13 years), except at 10 and 14 years. Conclusion: It was verified that CS was significantly cor-related with CD, MS, weight and height in relation to BMI andPI. These results suggest that CS could be a better indicatorto assess and monitor body size in adolescents living at highaltitude.(AU)

Physical growth and body adiposity patterns in children and adolescents at high altitudes in Peru: Proposed percentiles for assessment.

OBJECTIVES: This study's purpose was to compare physical growth (PG) patterns of children and adolescents living at high elevations with those of other geographic regions, relate body adiposity indicators, and develop percentile reference tables for assessing physical growth and body adiposity. METHODS: The sample included 1536 children and adolescents ages 5.0 to 17.9 years from Puno (Peru) located between 3821 and 4349 m above sea level. Weight, height, arm and waist circumferences (WC), and three skinfolds measurements were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-height Index (WHI) were calculated. RESULTS: PG patterns for children living at a high altitude reflected similar values for weight, height, and arm circumference (AC) to those of their counterparts living in Puno (Peru) and La Paz (Bolivia). When compared with children living at moderate altitudes in Peru, they showed slightly lower PG values. BMI explained between 41% and 64% of the variance in sum of the skinfolds, while WC explained between 47% and 66%. HWI was not a strong predictor of variation in sum of skinfolds. Percentiles were generated for WC and the sum of skinfolds. CONCLUSION: Weight, height, and, arm and waist circumference patterns for children and adolescents living at high altitudes were similar to those of La Paz (Bolivia). WC and the sum of the skinfolds were better indicators for analyzing abdominal obesity compared to BMI and WHI. The percentiles proposed may be a useful tool for identifying high risk of developing overweight disorders in pediatric populations living at high altitudes.

Autopercepción de la aptitud física y propuesta de percentiles para su valoración en universitarios / Self-perception of physical fitness and proposal of percentiles for its evaluation in university students

OBJETIVO: Verificar la validez y confiabilidad de la escala de auto-percepción de la aptitud física EAF y proponer referencias por medio de percentiles en función del rango de edad y sexo MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 1569 jóvenes (875 hombres y 694 mujeres) de una universidad del Perú. Se evaluó peso y estatura y se calculó el índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). La aptitud física se evaluó mediante la escala EAF. La validación se efectuó por medio de Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (A-FC). La confiabilidad se verificó por medio de Alpha de Cronbach y se generaron percentiles para la categorización. RESULTADOS: La escala evidenció saturaciones superiores a 0,41 para 18 preguntas, el porcentaje de explicación de la varianza fue del 52%, el KMO fue de 0,911 (X2= 15578.883, gl= 435. El alpha de Cronbach mostró valores superiores a 0,75. Los percentiles propuestos fueron P15, p50, p85. CONCLUSIÓN: La escala de AAF es válida y confiable para jóvenes universitarios. Los percentiles son una alternativa para identificar, clasificar y categorizar los niveles de aptitud física

OBJECTIVE: To verify the validity and reliability of the scale of self-perception of physical aptitude EAF and to propose references by means of percentiles in function of the rank of age and sex METHODS: 1569 young people (875 men and 694 women) from a university in Peru were studied. Weight and height were assessed and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. The physical aptitude was evaluated using the AAF scale. The validation was carried out by means of Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (A-FC). Reliability was verified by means of Cronbach's Alpha and percentiles were generated for categorization. RESULTS: The scale showed saturations greater than 0.41 for 18 questions, the percentage explanation of the variance was 52%, the KMO was 0.911 (X2 = 15578.883, gl = 435. Cronbach's alpha showed values greater than 0.75. The percentiles proposed were P15, p50, p85. CONCLUSION: The AAF scale is valid and reliable for university students. The percentiles are an alternative to identify, classify and categorize levels of physical fitness