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1.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 51(7): e6904, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29791589

RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to evaluate messenger RNA expression in kidney allograft recipients. Forty-four kidney transplant recipients were evaluated up to three months after grafting. After transplantation, peripheral blood samples were drawn sequentially for real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses of perforin and TIM-3 genes. Biopsies were obtained to evaluate acute graft dysfunction and interpreted according to the Banff classification. Eight patients presented episodes of acute rejection. Recipients with rejection had significantly higher levels of TIM-3 mRNA transcripts compared to those without rejection (median gene expression 191.2 and 36.9 mRNA relative units, respectively; P<0.0001). Also, perforin gene expression was higher in patients with rejection (median gene expression 362.0 and 52.8 mRNA relative units; P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the TIM-3 gene was 0.749 (95%CI: 0.670-0.827). Perforin gene mRNA expression provided an AUC of 0.699 (95%CI: 0.599 to 0.799). Overall accuracy of gene expression was 67.9% for the TIM-3 gene and 63.6% for the perforin gene. Combined accuracy was 76.8%. Negative predictive values were 95.3% for the TIM-3 gene, 95.5% for the perforin gene, and 95.4% in the combined analyses. Gene expression was significantly modulated by rejection treatment decreasing 64.1% (TIM-3) and 90.9% (perforin) compared to the median of pre-rejection samples. In conclusion, the longitudinal approach showed that gene profiling evaluation might be useful in ruling out the diagnosis of acute rejection and perhaps evaluating the efficacy of treatment.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/sangue , Receptor Celular 2 do Vírus da Hepatite A/sangue , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Perforina/sangue , Adulto , Aloenxertos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Rejeição de Enxerto/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Transcrição Gênica
2.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 50(4): e5533, 2017 Apr 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28380212

RESUMO

We analyzed microRNA (miR)-142-3p expression in leucocytes of the peripheral blood and urinary sediment cell samples obtained from kidney transplant recipients who developed graft dysfunction. Forty-one kidney transplant recipients with kidney graft dysfunction and 8 stable patients were included in the study. The groups were divided according to histological analysis into acute rejection group (n=23), acute tubular necrosis group (n=18) and stable patients group used as a control for gene expression (n=8). Percutaneous biopsies were performed and peripheral blood samples and urine samples were obtained. miR-142-3p was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The group of patients with acute tubular necrosis presented significantly higher expressions in peripheral blood (P<0.05) and urine (P<0.001) compared to the stable patients group. Also, in the peripheral blood, miR-142-3p expression was significantly higher in the acute tubular necrosis group compared to the acute rejection group (P<0.05). Urine samples of the acute rejection group presented higher expression compared to the stable patients group (P<0.001) but the difference between acute tubular necrosis and acute rejection groups was not significant in the urinary analyzes (P=0.079). miR-142-3p expression has a distinct pattern of expression in the setting of post-operative acute tubular necrosis after kidney transplantation and may potentially be used as a non-invasive biomarker for renal graft dysfunction.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/patologia , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Necrose Tubular Aguda/patologia , MicroRNAs/sangue , MicroRNAs/urina , Regulação para Cima/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biomarcadores/urina , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Rejeição de Enxerto/sangue , Rejeição de Enxerto/urina , Humanos , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem , Rim/patologia , Necrose Tubular Aguda/sangue , Necrose Tubular Aguda/urina , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Disfunção Primária do Enxerto/sangue , Disfunção Primária do Enxerto/patologia , Disfunção Primária do Enxerto/urina , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Valores de Referência , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Transplantados , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 18(5): 730-740, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27503081

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy has turned human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with end-stage renal disease into suitable candidates for renal transplantation. We present the Brazilian experience with kidney transplantation in HIV-infected recipients observed in a multicenter study. METHODS: HIV-infected kidney transplant recipients and matched controls were evaluated for the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection (AR), infections, graft function, and survival of patients and renal grafts. RESULTS: Fifty-three HIV-infected recipients and 106 controls were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were similar, but a higher frequency of pre-transplant positivity for hepatitis C virus and cytomegalovirus infections was found in the HIV group. Immunosuppressive regimens did not differ, but a trend was observed toward lower use of anti-thymocyte globulin in the group of HIV-infected recipients (P = 0.079). The HIV-positive recipient group presented a higher incidence of treated AR (P = 0.036) and DGF (P = 0.044). Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration estimated that glomerular filtration rate was similar at 6 months (P = 0.374) and at 12 months (P = 0.957). The median number of infections per patient was higher in the HIV-infected group (P = 0.018). The 1-year patient survival (P < 0.001) and graft survival (P = 0.004) were lower, but acceptable, in the group of HIV-infected patients. CONCLUSIONS: In the Brazilian experience, despite somewhat inferior outcomes, kidney transplantation is an adequate therapy for selected HIV-infected recipients.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Terapia de Imunossupressão/métodos , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Transplante de Rim/mortalidade , Adulto , Soro Antilinfocitário/administração & dosagem , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/epidemiologia , Feminino , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/mortalidade , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Incidência , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Transplantados , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Transplant Proc ; 46(6): 1727-9, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25131022

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A high incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) after deceased donor kidney transplantation occurs in Brazil. The reasons for such have not been adequately studied. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 346 kidney transplant recipients from deceased donors. DGF risk factors related to the recipient, donor, and transplantation surgery were analyzed and correlated with graft outcomes. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors and patient and graft survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS: The incidence of DGF was 70.8% (245 cases). Our final model of multivariate analysis showed that DGF is associated (P < .05) with donor final serum creatinine (relative risk [RR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-2.70), donor age (RR, 1.02 [1.0-1.033]), receiving a kidney from national offer (RR, 2.44 [1.06-5.59]), and need for antibody induction (RR, 2.87 [1.33-6.18]). Outcomes that were associated with DGF were longer length of hospital stay (32.5 ± 20.5 vs 18.8 ± 16.3 days; P = .01), higher incidence of acute rejection (37.8 vs 12.9%; P < .01), worse graft survival at 1 year (83.5% vs 93.9%; P < .01), and higher levels of serum creatinine at 3, 6, and 12 months (P < .05). There was no difference in patient survival and the occurrence of acute rejection did not influence the survival of patients or grafts. CONCLUSION: DGF was associated with higher donor final serum creatinine, donor age, receiving a kidney from the national supply, and need for antibody induction. Most importantly, DGF was associated with worse outcomes.


Assuntos
Função Retardada do Enxerto/etiologia , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Brasil , Estudos de Coortes , Creatinina/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Incidência , Tempo de Internação , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Doadores de Tecidos
5.
Minerva Urol Nefrol ; 66(1): 87-95, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24721945

RESUMO

AIM: The accuracy of equations that estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in renal transplant patients has not been established; thus their performance was assessed in stable renal transplant patients. METHODS: Renal transplant patients (N.=213) with stable graft function were enrolled. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation was used as the reference method and compared with the Cockcroft-Gault (CG), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Mayo Clinic (MC) and Nankivell equations. Bias, accuracy and concordance rates were determined for all equation relative to CKD-EPI. RESULTS: Mean estimated GFR values of the equations differed significantly from the CKD-EPI values, though the correlations with the reference method were significant. Values of MDRD differed from the CG, MC and Nankivell estimations. The best agreement to classify the chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages was for the MDRD (Kappa=0.649, P<0.001), and for the other equations the agreement was moderate. The MDRD had less bias and narrower agreement limits but underestimated the GFR at levels above 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conversely, the CG, MC and Nankivell equations overestimated the GFR, and the Nankivell equation had the worst performance. The MDRD equation P15 and P30 values were higher than those of the other equations (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Despite their correlations, equations estimated the GFR and CKD stage differently. The MDRD equation was the most accurate, but the sub-optimal performance of all the equations precludes their accurate use in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Transplante de Rim , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Matemática , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
6.
Transplant Proc ; 44(8): 2297-9, 2012 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23026578

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kidney graft fibrosis is a major factor related to chronic loss of kidney function. At present, the finding of fibrosis depends on the analysis of tissue in the renal biopsy, which has important limitations. In this study, we evaluated the messenger mRNA transcription and gene expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in kidney tissue and in urinary sediment cells of kidney transplant patients with graft dysfunction aiming at the development of techniques that may allow the noninvasive diagnosis of interstitral fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: RNA extracted from cells in tissue and urine of 77 renal transplant patients whose biopsies were classified according to the Banff scheme-2007. Four diagnostic groups were established: (1) acute tubular necrosis (n = 9); (2) acute rejection (n = 49); (3) acute calcineurin inhibitors nephrotoxicity (n = 10); and (4) interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA, n = 29). Tissue and urine cell RNA was amplified and quantification were made by real-time polymerase chain reactron. Data from the quantification of gene expression are presented as median and 25th to 75th percentiles. RESULTS: Messenger RNA levels of the KIM-1 gene were higher in the biopsies (26.17; 3.38-294.53) and urinary sediment cells (0.09; 0-5.81) of the patients classified as having IF/TA as compared with all others groups. A significant correlation between gene expression in samples of urine and tissue cells was found (P < .01). CONCLUSION: These initial data suggests that KIM-1 gene mRNA quantification can be used as a noninvasive biomarker of IF/TA.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/genética , Nefropatias/genética , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Rim/química , Rim/cirurgia , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Receptores Virais/genética , Atrofia , Biópsia , Feminino , Fibrose , Marcadores Genéticos , Rejeição de Enxerto/patologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/urina , Receptor Celular 1 do Vírus da Hepatite A , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/patologia , Nefropatias/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias/patologia , Nefropatias/urina , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/urina , Necrose , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , RNA Mensageiro/urina , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Resultado do Tratamento , Urinálise
7.
Transplant Proc ; 44(8): 2391-3, 2012 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23026602

RESUMO

Nonadherence to immunosuppressive medications represents a burden to organ transplantation being associated with rejection episodes and graft loss. In this cross-sectional study we evaluated the prevalence and risk factors for nonadherence in kidney transplant patients by measuring the retrieval of the immunosuppressive drugs in the registry kept by the state Rio Grande do Sul public health system. We considered nonadherence the failure to retrieval of medication at least one time over a 1-year period of evaluation. In 288 patients evaluated, the frequency of failure to retrieve was 58.7%. Being fully employed (66.4% × 33.6%, P = .008) and younger age at transplantation (39 ± 13 × 46 ± 11, P = .011) were associated with nonadherence. Multivariate analysis showed a greater prevalence ratio (PR) of non- adherence in patients using tacrolimus. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower in the nonadherence groups as compared with adherent groups (45.3 ± 21.6 × 51.3 ± 19.4, P = .016). In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of nonadherence to immunosuppressive drugs with association to active working situation and use of tacrolimus. Importantly, glomerular filtration rate was found to be lower in nonadherent patients.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Adesão à Medicação , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Emprego , Feminino , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/efeitos dos fármacos , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Sistema de Registros , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Am J Transplant ; 12(3): 630-9, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22300431

RESUMO

Recipients of extended-criteria donor (ECD) kidneys have poorer long-term outcomes compared to standard-criteria donor kidney recipients. We report 3-year outcomes from a randomized, phase III study in recipients of de novo ECD kidneys (n = 543) assigned (1:1:1) to either a more intensive (MI) or less intensive (LI) belatacept regimen, or cyclosporine. Three hundred twenty-three patients completed treatment by year 3. Patient survival with a functioning graft was comparable between groups (80% in MI, 82% in LI, 80% in cyclosporine). Mean calculated GFR (cGFR) was 11 mL/min higher in belatacept-treated versus cyclosporine-treated patients (42.7 in MI, 42.2 in LI, 31.5 mL/min in cyclosporine). More cyclosporine-treated patients (44%) progressed to GFR <30 mL/min (chronic kidney disease [CKD] stage 4/5) than belatacept-treated patients (27-30%). Acute rejection rates were similar between groups. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) occurrence was higher in belatacept-treated patients (two in MI, three in LI), most of which occurred during the first 18 months; four additional cases (3 in LI, 1 in cyclosporine) occurred after 3 years. Tuberculosis was reported in two MI, four LI and no cyclosporine patients. In conclusion, at 3 years after transplantation, immunosuppression with belatacept resulted in similar patient survival, graft survival and acute rejection, with better renal function compared with cyclosporine. As previously reported, PTLD and tuberculosis were the principal safety findings associated with belatacept in this study population.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Imunoconjugados/uso terapêutico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Transplante de Rim , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Abatacepte , Adulto , Ciclosporina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Seguimentos , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Testes de Função Renal , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de Sobrevida
9.
Transplant Proc ; 42(5): 1659-66, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20620495

RESUMO

The safety and efficacy of concentration-controlled use of sirolimus (SRL) and cyclosporine (CsA) followed by CsA minimization (CsAm) or elimination (CsAe) beginning at week 13 was compared in a phase 4, open-label, randomized (1:1) trial of renal transplant recipients enrolled between March 2004 and November 2005. The primary endpoint was renal function, measured at 12 months using the Nankivell formula, in patients remaining on therapy. Though a total enrollment of 140 patients in each group was planned to provide an 80% power to detect a difference in means, only 207 subjects were enrolled in this study. Demographic characteristics were similar between groups, with 98.1% recipients of first grafts, 69.1% from living donors, and 7.2% diabetics. At 12 months, there were no differences in renal function (61.08 vs 65.24 mL/min, P = .132); incidence of biopsy-confirmed acute rejection (14.3% vs 22.5%, P = .152); and patient (89.5% vs 92.2%, P = .632), graft (87.6% vs 88.2%, P = .999), and death-censored graft (98.1% vs 94.1%, P = .166) survivals between CsAm and CsAe groups, respectively. There were no differences in the overall rate of study-drug discontinuation (32.4% vs 36.3%, P = .562) but more patients discontinued because of lack of efficacy/graft loss in the CsAe group (4.8% vs 14.7%, P = .018). This study was underpowered to demonstrate the superiority of one regimen over the other. In summary, SRL immunotherapy combined with CsA minimization or elimination showed comparative safety and efficacy. Both regimens offer potential treatment options for de novo renal allograft recipients.


Assuntos
Ciclosporina/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Sirolimo/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Cadáver , Ciclosporina/efeitos adversos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Etnicidade , Feminino , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Testes de Função Renal , Transplante de Rim/mortalidade , Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Doadores Vivos , Masculino , Seleção de Pacientes , Doadores de Tecidos , Transplante Homólogo , Falha de Tratamento , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Transplant Proc ; 42(2): 473-4, 2010 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20304168

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a type I transmembrane protein that is not expressed in normal renal tissue, shows increased expression in dedifferentiated cells within damaged regions of the proximal tubule. We evaluated mRNA transcription of the KIM-1 gene in renal tissue of kidney transplant patients who were experiencing graft dysfunction searching for an accurate biomarker of kidney graft injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: mRNA analysis was performed on 59 biopsies from kidney transplant patients who had been classified according to the Banff 1997 scheme. Biopsies were categorized in 5 diagnostic groups: acute tubular necrosis (ATN) with superimposed acute rejection episode (ARE), ATN; ARE; calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity (CIN); or interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). Amplified tissue RNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Renal tissue evaluations showed significantly increased KIM-1 mRNA expression as shown by median values, 25-75 percentiles, and averages of the logarithmic transformation: namely, CIN group (50.6; 1.8-285, 1; 1.24) and IFTA group (7.5; 1.26-14.6; 0.62), displayed significant differences (P > .05). In contrast, expression was lower among the ATN (0.47; 0.28-1.06; -0.13); ARE (0.21; 0.11-0.78; -0.45), and ATN+ARE (0.46; 0.06-3.27; -0.25) cohorts. CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggested that KIM-1 mRNA might be useful biomarker of tubular damage associated with CIN and IFTA.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim/patologia , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Receptores Virais/genética , Atrofia , Biópsia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Receptor Celular 1 do Vírus da Hepatite A , Humanos , Túbulos Renais/patologia , Necrose , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
12.
Transplant Proc ; 40(3): 718-9, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18454996

RESUMO

The clinical relevance of anti-HLA antibodies following kidney transplantation has been a recent focus of research. Patients who present anti-HLA antibodies in the posttransplantation period have shown higher incidences of acute rejection episodes (ARE) and chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of anti-HLA antibodies during the first year after kidney transplantation and their association with the occurrence of ARE and CAN. Eighty-eight kidney transplant recipients were evaluated for the presence of IgG anti-HLA antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (LAT-M and LAT-1240, One Lambda Inc, Calif, United States). Protocol kidney biopsies were performed in consenting patients. ARE and CAN were diagnosed by clinical, laboratory, and histopathological criteria. Anti-HLA antibodies were observed in 20 (22.7%) patients. At 1 year follow-up, 26.1% presented ARE and 51.2% developed CAN. Nine patients (45%) with antibodies developed ARE as opposed to 20.6% without antibodies and 64.7% developed CAN as opposed to 47.8% of those without antibodies. In the histological analysis, the anti-HLA antibodies were associated with Banff IIA ARE (P = .001) and Banff grade II CAN (P = .012). Routine posttransplantation search for antibodies may identify cases at higher risk for acute and chronic rejection, and perhaps help to tailor the immunosuppressive regimen.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/patologia , Antígenos HLA/imunologia , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Seguimentos , Rejeição de Enxerto/sangue , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/imunologia , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante Homólogo/imunologia
13.
Transplant Proc ; 40(3): 761-3, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18455009

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), insulin resistance, and lipid profile in 32 patients during the first year after renal transplantation by anthropometric measures. The homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA) was calculated for insulin resistance estimation. Anthropometric measures and biochemical markers were evaluated at the time of transplantation (T(0)), and prospectively at 3 (T(3)), 6 (T(6)), 9 (T(9)), and 12 (T(12)) months posttransplantation. The HOMA index decreased significantly at 3 months after transplantation (T(3)) (2.4 +/- 1.5 vs 1.5 +/- 1.1; P < .01); however, an increment was observed at T(6) and T(9) (1.8 +/- 0.8 and 2 +/- 1.5, respectively), remaining stable at T(12) (2 +/- 1.7). BMI and BF% increased significantly over 12 months (23.3 +/- 2.7 vs 24.4 +/- 2.7 kg/m(2); P = .001 and 23.7 +/- 7.8 vs 25.6 +/- 7.7 %; P = .002). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels showed significant increases starting at T(3). In conclusion, insulin resistance decreased transitorily post-renal transplantation. BMI, BF%, and lipid profile showed unfavorable changes during the first year post-renal transplantation.


Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/anatomia & histologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Resistência à Insulina , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Lipídeos/fisiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Adulto , Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo
14.
Kidney Int ; 73(7): 877-84, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18216781

RESUMO

Delayed graft function (DGF) often occurs in kidney transplants from deceased donors. We wanted to provide studies giving more accurate non-invasive tests for acute rejection (AR). Using real-time PCR, we examined the expression of cytolytic molecules such as perforin, granzyme B, and fas-ligand along with serpin proteinase inhibitor-9. We also measured the expression of FOXP3, a characteristic gene of T-regulatory cells known to be involved in AR. These studies were conducted on peripheral blood monocytes, urinary cells, and 48 surveillance kidney biopsies taken from a total of 35 patients with DGF. Of these patients, 20 had a histopathological diagnosis of AR, whereas other 28 had characteristics of acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Expression of cytolytic and apoptotic-associated genes in the biopsy tissue, peripheral blood leukocytes, and urinary cells was significantly higher in patients with AR than that in patients with ATN. Diagnostic parameters associated with FOXP3 gene expression were most accurate in peripheral blood leukocytes and urine cells with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy between 94 and 100%. Our study shows that quantification of selected genes in peripheral blood leukocytes and urinary cells from renal transplant patients with DGF may provide a useful and accurate non-invasive diagnosis of AR.


Assuntos
Função Retardada do Enxerto/diagnóstico , Rejeição de Enxerto/diagnóstico , Transplante de Rim , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
15.
Transplant Proc ; 39(2): 376-7, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17362734

RESUMO

Renal biopsy is currently the gold standard to assess the causes of renal allograft dysfunction. In the present study, we prospectively assessed the role of the renal allograft biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of renal allograft dysfunction. Seven hundred and fifteen biopsies were performed in 399 patients. The anatomopathological results in group 1 (delayed graft function) were: 60.4% acute tubular necrosis, 17.6% acute rejection, 4.3% calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and 17.7% other diagnoses; in group 2 (acute graft dysfunction): 42.3% acute rejection, 22% acute tubular necrosis, 8.4% calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and 27.3% other diagnoses. Among patients with delayed graft function, 42.2% of biopsies led to a change in the treatment. In 60.5%, the biopsy of patients with acute dysfunction led to a change in the patient management. In our series, the result of the biopsy disagreed with the clinical diagnosis in 39.6% and 57.7% of cases, respectively. These results demonstrated that renal graft biopsy remains an indispensable tool for the accurate management of kidney transplant patients.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim/patologia , Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/patologia , Adulto , Biópsia , Feminino , Rejeição de Enxerto/epidemiologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/classificação , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transplante Homólogo/patologia , Transplante Homólogo/fisiologia
16.
Transplant Proc ; 39(2): 439-40, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17362752

RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of leptin in the first year post-renal transplantation. Thirty-two patients and 19 healthy individuals were included. Serum leptin and biochemical markers were evaluated prospectively starting at transplant time (t(0)), and then every 3 months up to 1 year posttransplantation. The mean serum levels of leptin were higher in the pretransplant (t(0)) evaluation as compared with a control group of healthy volunteers (11.9 [9.2-25.2] and 7.7 [5.2-9.9] ng/mL, respectively; P < .0001). Leptinemia decreased significantly in the first 3 months after the renal transplantation (t(3)) (11.9 [9.2-25.2] to 7.1 [4.14-12.5] ng/mL; P < .0001) increased at t(6) to 10.6 (5.6-14.6) ng/mL and remained stable at t(9) (9.0 [5.2-18.3] ng/mL) and t(12) (9.3 [4.9-16.4] ng/mL). No correlation was found between leptin and renal function at any time during the study. In conclusion, during the first posttransplant year the serum leptin levels decreased significantly in relation to pretransplant period.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Leptina/sangue , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pacientes , Estudos Prospectivos , Radioimunoensaio , Valores de Referência , Reoperação
17.
Transplant Proc ; 39(2): 437-8, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17362751

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of basiliximab in first renal transplant recipients with delayed graft function, defined by the need for dialysis in the first week posttransplantation. Among 148 patients in the study, 90 received basiliximab (60.8%) with 58 comprising the control group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups related to the evaluated variables, except that the control group received more blood transfusions pretransplantation. There was a lower incidence of steroid-resistant rejection (6% vs 20.9%; P = .017) and humoral rejections (0% vs 7%; P = .038) in the basiliximab group. Also, graft survival was significantly higher in basiliximab group compared with the control one (92.8% vs 80.4%; P = .028). There were no significant differences in the other outcomes. In conclusion, this study confirmed the beneficial effects of addition of basiliximab to the immunosuppressive schema of patients with delayed graft function.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/uso terapêutico , Basiliximab , Transfusão de Sangue , Creatinina/sangue , Humanos , Testes de Função Renal , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
18.
Transplant Proc ; 38(6): 1898-900, 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16908316

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of apoptosis and the expression of FasL and IL-2 genes in apoptotic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) at different posttransplant periods. Three groups of patients were studied: group 1, kidney transplant recipients at least 1 year posttransplant (n = 17); group 2, kidney transplant recipients at least 5 years posttransplant (n = 15); and a control group composed of 7 healthy subjects. Apoptosis was detected by annexin flow cytometry and gene expression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in groups 1 (42 +/- 4%) and 2 (37 +/- 3%) than the controls (27 +/- 2%; P < .0001). Apoptotic cells in group 1 was significantly higher than in group 2 (P < .005). A significant difference in FasL expression was observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001) and the immunosuppressive regimen. These findings suggest that PBMC of kidney transplant recipients are more susceptible to activation-induced cell death and that the Fas-FasL pathway is involved in this process.


Assuntos
Apoptose , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Linfócitos/fisiologia , Morte Celular , Quimioterapia Combinada , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos/citologia , Valores de Referência , Fatores de Tempo
19.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 38(9): 1409-16, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16138225

RESUMO

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients frequently develop structural cardiac abnormalities, particularly left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The mechanisms involved in these processes are not completely understood. In the present study, we evaluated a possible association between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and left ventricular mass (LVM) in patients with ESRD. Stable uremic patients on intermittent hemodialysis treatment were evaluated by standard two-dimensional echocardiography and their sera were analyzed for intact PTH. Forty-one patients (mean age 45 years, range 18 to 61 years), 61% males, who had been on hemodialysis for 3 to 186 months, were evaluated. Patients were stratified into 3 groups according to serum PTH: low levels (< 100 pg/ml; group I = 10 patients), intermediate levels (100 to 280 pg/ml; group II = 10 patients) and high levels (> 280 pg/ml; group III = 21 patients). A positive statistically significant association between LVM index and PTH was identified (r = 0.34; P = 0.03, Pearson's correlation coefficient) in the sample as a whole. In subgroup analyses, we did not observe significant associations in the low and intermediate PTH groups; nevertheless, PTH and LVM index were correlated in patients with high PTH levels (r = 0.62; P = 0.003). LVM index was also inversely associated with hemoglobin (r = -0.34; P = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, hemoglobin, body mass index, and blood pressure, the only independent predictor of LVM index was PTH level. Therefore, PTH is an independent predictor of LVH in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Secondary hyperparathyroidism may contribute to the elevated cardiovascular morbidity associated with LVH in ESRD.


Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/complicações , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/etiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Diálise Renal , Adolescente , Adulto , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/sangue , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Fatores de Risco
20.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 7(2): 51-6, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16150090

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis B (HB) is characterized by the presence of HBV-DNA in patients who do not have HB surface antigen (HBsAg) detectable in sera, and is frequently described in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. These viral liver diseases are common and may have a negative impact on the survival of renal transplant patients, especially if they are both present. In this study we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of occult HB in renal transplant patients either with or without HCV infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey 101 HbsAg-negative renal transplant patients were evaluated; 51 were anti-HCV positive. Sera were analyzed for the presence of the S and core genes of the HBV-DNA by a nested polymerase chain reaction technique. Markers of HBV infection and liver function tests were also analyzed. RESULTS: The core gene was identified in 1 HCV-infected patient and 1 anti-HCV-negative patient who also presented the S gene (prevalence: 2% and 1% for each gene, respectively). HCV-infected patients had longer pre-transplant dialysis time (50.8 +/- 34.6 vs. 32.0 +/- 20.9; P < 0.001). Liver function tests were also increased in the HCV-infected group: alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (P<0.02), and alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that HCV infection was the only determinant of the altered results of the liver function tests. CONCLUSION: We found that occult HB is a condition present in our population of renal transplant patients and that HCV infection does not seem to be associated with occult HB infection in this setting.


Assuntos
DNA Viral/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/análise , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hepacivirus , Hepatite B/complicações , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite B/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite B , Hepatite C/complicações , Hepatite C/virologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência
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