RESUMO
Background: During Spring 2021, we piloted a course model that integrated the immune system and HEENT (head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat) by concurrently presenting them in the context of clinical cases. Immune system topics (e.g., infection, cancer) were tied to their manifestations in the HEENT system, and concepts from both systems were consolidated in weekly case-based learning and small group discussion (CBL/SGD) sessions. Methods: To evaluate students' perceptions of the effectiveness of this model, we administered to the class a voluntary survey containing closed- and open-ended items; conducted a focus group of 10 students selected via convenience sampling; and employed a mixed approach to analyze the resulting data, including multiple qualitative methods. Results: Thirty-nine of 74 students completed the survey (53% response rate). In response to the item related to overall effectiveness of using CBL/SGD for system integration, nearly half (48.72%) of these students rated the overall effectiveness as average. Constant comparison analysis of the qualitative data revealed three major themes-student satisfaction with integration of immunology and HEENT, content and time involved in CBL/SGD, and suggestions for improvement-and classical content analysis revealed the relative importance of these themes. Participants held positive and negative perceptions, expressed concerns regarding CBL/SGD (e.g., its helpfulness, complexity), and made suggestions for improvement of integration. Conclusions: Using multiple methods allowed us to gain a deeper understanding of students' perceptions of the new course model, and we have taken actions to improve course quality in the future.
