RESUMO
Three infants presented with bluish discoloration and swelling of the scrotum with no history of scrotal trauma. Sonography revealed unilateral hematoceles in 2 cases and bilateral hematoceles in the third. All 3 infants had intact testes. The communicating hematoceles were the result of hemoperitoneum due to splanchnic hematoma.
Assuntos
Traumatismos Abdominais/complicações , Hematocele/diagnóstico por imagem , Hematocele/etiologia , Escroto/diagnóstico por imagem , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/complicações , Hematocele/cirurgia , Hemoperitônio/complicações , Hemoperitônio/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lactente , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/lesões , Masculino , Escroto/patologia , Escroto/cirurgia , Baço/diagnóstico por imagem , Baço/lesões , Testículo/diagnóstico por imagem , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Anemia is a frequent manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis, with a probably multifactorial etiology. We investigated the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatants (PBMCS) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients on hematopoietic colony formation in vitro, by using a methylcellulose assay. PBMCS from patients suppress in vitro erythroid (BFU-E), mixed-lineage (CFU-GEMM) and to a lesser degree granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitors. PBMCS from anemic RA patients were more suppressive for BFU-E than those from non-anemic patients. Addition of antibodies to tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) almost completely reversed the inhibition of BFU-E and CFU-GEMM, but had little effect on the CFU-GM colony formation. Antibodies to interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were not effective. The above data suggest that PBMCS from RA patients suppress in vitro erythropoiesis via the production of TNF alpha; a pathogenetic role for TNF alpha in the anemia of RA can be implied.
