Bacterial nanocellulose-based nanopaper activated by ß-cyclodextrin/ Salvia officinalis essential oil complexes for shelf life extension of shrimp.

Active bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) nanopapers containing Salvia officinalis essential oil (SEO) in free form and encapsulated with ß-cyclodextrin (ßCD) were prepared, and their effect on the shelf life extension of shrimp was investigated. The GC-MS analysis of the SEO indicated the presence of various active compounds such as Thujone (21.53 %), Ledol (12.51 %) and Eucalyptol (11.28 %) in the essential oil composition. The cytotoxicity of the SEO and SEO-ßCD complexes in the L929 cell line was quite low. FTIR analysis revealed new interactions in the nanopapers containing SEO-ßCD complexes. Microscopic images showed that SEO-ßCD complexation improved the surface morphology of the BNC nanopapers, whereas free SEO had a negative effect. X-ray diffraction patterns of the nanopapers showed higher crystallinity of the SEO-ßCD containing nanopapers than that of the SEO-incorporated nanopapers. Moreover, the addition of the SEO-ßCD complex improved the thermal properties of the BNC nanopaper. Water contact angle analysis showed higher hydrophobicity of the samples containing free SEO than that of the other samples. Both SEO-ßCD and free SEO increased the elongation at break and decreased the tensile strength of the nanopaper. The prepared active films showed a greater antimicrobial effect on L. monocytogenes than on E. coli. The results showed a higher antioxidant capacity of the free SEO-containing nanopapers (58-78 %). The desirable effects of the active nanopapers on shrimp preservation were demonstrated by the results obtained for the microbial load, pH, and volatile nitrogen content of the product. The results demonstrate the potential of the prepared BNC active nanopapers for use in active antioxidant/antimicrobial food packaging.

Ixiolirion tataricum mucilage/chitosan based antioxidant films activated by free and nanoliposomal fennel essential oil.

Ixiolirion tataricum mucilage (ITM) was characterized and applied in fabrication of ITM/chitosan (CH) blend films activated by Foeniculum vulgare essential oil (FEO) in free and nanoliposomal forms. Uniform smooth surface structure, viscoelastic solid-like behavior and Newtonian nature of ITM were confirmed by morphological and rheological analyses. The prepared FEO nanoliposomes (FEO-NLPs) showed desirable properties in terms of particle size (57.2 nm), polydispersity index (0.243), zeta-potential (-17.6 mV), and encapsulation efficiency (85.2 %). The enhancing effects of FEO-NLPs and the adverse effects of free FEO on the crystalline, morphological and structural properties of films were confirmed by XRD, FE-SEM and ATR-FTIR tests. FEO-NLPs loaded films had better mechanical, thermal, water and gas barrier and antioxidant properties than neat film. Analysis also indicated the high controlled release of FEO from the films containing the nanoliposomal form of FEO. The films containing free FEO showed higher antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus in comparison with FEO-NLPs loaded ones. The results showed the potential of FEO-NLPs loaded ITM/CH films for antioxidant food packaging applications.