Cancer-Specific Mortality Odds Ratios in the Food, Accommodation, and Beverage Activities in Italy.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated cancer-specific mortality risks of workers employed in food, accommodation and beverage (FAB) activities. Methods: We performed a case-control study based on countrywide mortality and National Social Insurance data. Adjusted cancer-specific mortality odds ratios (MOR) were calculated. We modeled occupational exposure as "ever/never been employed" in FAB activities, using other sectors as reference. Analysis was performed by gender, length of employment and year of smoke banning. Results: About 20,000 cancer deaths in FAB were analyzed. Working in restaurants was positively associated with cancer of lung (MOR = 1.24), bladder (MOR = 1.24), pharynx, and larynx. Accommodation was associated with cancer of pharynx (MOR = 1.46), while beverage with cancer of liver (MOR = 1.22). Gender, length of employment and smoke banning were found effective in modifying some risks. Conclusions: Workers in FAB sectors were at risk for several cancers.

Syncope and Cannabis: hypervagotonia from chronic abuse? A case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Cannabis is the most consumed drug worldwide and number of users is increasing, particularly among youth. Moreover, cannabis potential therapeutic properties have renewed interest to make it available as a treatment for a variety of conditions. Albeit rarely, cannabis consumption has been associated with cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmias, myocardial infarction (MI) and potentially sudden death. CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old woman presented to the emergency department sent by her cardiologist because of a recent finding of a 16 seconds asystole on the implantable loop recorder (ILR) she implanted 7 months before for recurrent syncopes. She declared that she is a heavy cannabis user (at least 5 cannabis-cigarette per day, not mixed up with tobacco, for no less than 12 years) and all syncopes occurred shortly after cannabis consumption. After a collective discussion with the heart team, syncope unit, electrophysiologists and toxicologist, we decided to implant a dual chamber pacemaker with a rate response algorithm due to the high risk of trauma of the syncopal episodes. 24 months follow-up period was uneventful. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabis cardiovascular effects are not well known and, although rare, among these we find ischemic episodes, tachyarrhythmias, symptomatic sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, ventricular asystole and possibly death. Because of cannabis growing consumption both for medical and recreational purpose, cardiovascular diseases associated with cannabis use may become more and more frequent. In the light of the poor literature, we believe that cannabis may produce opposite adverse effects depending on the duration of the habit. Acute administration increases sympathetic tone and reduces parasympathetic tone; conversely, with chronic intake an opposite effect is observed: repetitive dosing decreases sympathetic activity and increases parasympathetic activity. Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of cardiovascular complications associated with cannabis use and should investigate its consumption especially in young patients presenting with cardiac dysrhythmias.

Does Patient Compliance Influence Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator Effectiveness? A Single-Center Experience.

The study was designed to assess patient adherence to wearable cardioverter defibrillator as an indicator of device effectiveness. The patient training is not widely properly standardized. We enrolled 25 patients with a wearable cardioverter defibrillator to prevent sudden cardiac death between June 2020 and August 2022. Among them, 84% were male with a median age of 63.6 years. The indication was an ischemic (44%) and a non-ischemic (56%) disease. The patients were followed-up until the decision to upgrade to an implantable device was taken. We trained the patients according to our suggested protocol. The median wear time was 90 days, and the median daily wear time was 23.5 h, similar throughout sex, age, and indication groups. In total, 24% of the participants underwent cardioverter defibrillator implantation. Between the device-implanted and non-implanted groups, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular indexed end-diastolic volume were significantly different (EF 35.8 ± 12 vs. 46.4 ± 8.5%, p = 0.028, iEDV 108 ± 52 vs. 70.7 ± 21.1 mL/m2, p = 0.024). We did not find any differences in cardiac magnetic resonance data, even though all patients who underwent device implantation had late gadolinium enhancement spots. Our results support standardized patient training to obtain great patient adherence to the instructions to the wearable device and therefore its effectiveness.

GILZ Modulates the Recruitment of Monocytes/Macrophages Endowed with a Resolving Phenotype and Favors Resolution of Escherichia coli Infection.

Macrophages are important effectors of inflammation resolution that contribute to the elimination of pathogens and apoptotic cells and restoration of homeostasis. Pre-clinical studies have evidenced the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions of GILZ (glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper). Here, we evaluated the role of GILZ on the migration of mononuclear cells under nonphlogistic conditions and Escherichia coli-evoked peritonitis. TAT-GILZ (a cell-permeable GILZ-fusion protein) injection into the pleural cavity of mice induced monocyte/macrophage influx alongside increased CCL2, IL-10 and TGF-ß levels. TAT-GILZ-recruited macrophages showed a regulatory phenotype, exhibiting increased expression of CD206 and YM1. During the resolving phase of E. coli-induced peritonitis, marked by an increased recruitment of mononuclear cells, lower numbers of these cells and CCL2 levels were found in the peritoneal cavity of GILZ-deficient mice (GILZ-/-) when compared to WT. In addition, GILZ-/- showed higher bacterial loads, lower apoptosis/efferocytosis counts and a lower number of macrophages with pro-resolving phenotypes. TAT-GILZ accelerated resolution of E. coli-evoked neutrophilic inflammation, which was associated with increased peritoneal numbers of monocytes/macrophages, enhanced apoptosis/efferocytosis counts and bacterial clearance through phagocytosis. Taken together, we provided evidence that GILZ modulates macrophage migration with a regulatory phenotype, inducing bacterial clearance and accelerating the resolution of peritonitis induced by E. coli.

Catecholamine-induced Takotsubo syndrome: a case series.

Background: Catecholamine-induced Takotsubo Syndrome (cat-TS) is a type of secondary Takotsubo syndrome, characterized by rapid onset of symptoms, high rate of complications during the acute phase, good short-term prognosis, and frequent apical sparing at echocardiogram. We present two clinical cases of cat-TS treated in our department. Case summary: Case one: 78-year-old man, admitted to Ear Nose and Throat Unit for surgical removal of oral squamous cellular carcinoma. During surgery, the occurrence of hypotensive episode was treated with catecholamines. After surgery, the occurrence of atrial fibrillation was followed by evidence of phasic increase of troponin levels and akinesia of midventricular segments. Angiography showed the absence of significant coronary stenoses, and during hospital stay, we observed rapid recovery of wall motion abnormalities. Case two: 64-year-old woman, admitted for hysteropexy surgery, during which cardiac arrest occurred, treated with epinephrine i.v.1 mg and DC shock. Two hours after resuscitation, the patient developed pulmonary oedema, troponin levels increased progressively, and the echocardiogram demonstrated hypokinesia in all midventricular segments with apical sparing. Afterwards, an urgent angiography highlighted normal coronary anatomy. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed oedema corresponding to hypokinetic areas. On the seventh day, echocardiogram showed a complete remission of wall motion abnormalities. Discussion: These cases warn the physicians about the importance of routinely screening myocardial impairment through clinical assessment, electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, and serial cardiac troponin testing after catecholamine i.v. bolus administration. In case of alterations of these exams, performing a prompt echocardiogram allows early detection of cat-TS, to provide immediate suitable medical support and avoid complications.

Non-invasive coronary flow velocity reserve assessment predicts adverse outcome in women with unstable angina without obstructive coronary artery stenosis.

Background: Evaluation of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) is the physiological approach to assess the severity of coronary stenosis and microvascular dysfunction. Impaired CFVR occurs frequently in women with suspected or known coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to assess the role of CFVR to predict long-term cardiovascular event rate in women with unstable angina (UA) without obstructive coronary artery stenosis. Methods: CFVR in left anterior descending coronary artery was assessed by adenosine transthoracic echocardiograhy in 161 women admitted at our Department with UA and without obstructive coronary artery disease. Results: During a mean FU of 32.5 ± 19.6 months, 53 cardiac events occurred: 6 nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, 22 UA, 7 coronary revascularization by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, 1 coronary bypass surgery, 3 ischemic stroke, and 8 episodes of congestive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and 6 cardiac deaths. Using a ROC curve analysis, CFVR 2.14 was the best predictor of cardiac events and was considered as abnormal CFVR. Abnormal CFVR was associated with lower cardiac event-free survival (30 vs 80%, p < 0.0001). During FU, 70% of women with reduced CFVR had cardiac events whereas only 20% with normal CFVR (p = 0.0001). At multivariate Cox analysis, smoke habitus (p = 0.003), metabolic syndrome (p = 0.01), and CFVR (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with cardiac events at FU. Conclusion: Noninvasive CFVR provides an independent predictor of cardiovascular prognosis information in women with UA without obstructive coronary artery disease whereas, impaired CFVR seems to be associated with higher CV events at FU.

Alexithymia for cardiologists: a clinical approach to the patient.

Alexithymia literally meaning 'no words for emotions' is a term used in mental health settings to describe people who have difficulties in identifying and verbalizing their emotional states. There is evidence in the literature that this personality trait may influence negatively the illness behavior when an acute coronary event occurs. In fact, people with high alexithymia are more likely to experience wrong appraisal and interpretation of symptoms, and because of their difficulty in describing feelings to others, they can be poor in reporting symptoms at the first consultation with a physician. This behavioral pattern (alexithymic) may put patients with acute myocardial infarction at higher risk for delayed medical care. Here, we aim to present an overview of alexithymia from the perspective of the clinical cardiologist, with a focus on the definition, clinical recognition, and potential impact on cardiovascular health.

Biological effects of bergamot and its potential therapeutic use as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer agent.

Context: Bergamot, mainly produced in the Ionian coastal areas of Southern Italy (Calabria), has been used since 1700 for its balsamic and medicinal properties. Phytochemical profiling has confirmed that bergamot juices are rich in flavonoids, including flavone and flavanone glycosides which are responsible for its beneficial effects.Objective: Recently, it was shown that the combination of natural compounds with conventional treatments improves the efficacy of anticancer therapies. Natural compounds with anticancer properties attack cancerous cells without being toxic to healthy cells. Bergamot can induce cytotoxic and apoptotic effects and prevent cell proliferation in various cancer cells.Methods: In this review, the antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of bergamot are described. Information was compiled from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the key words 'bergamot' accompanied by 'inflammation' and, 'cancer' for data published from 2015-2021.Results: In vitro and in vivo studies provided evidence that different forms of bergamot (extract, juice, essential oil, and polyphenolic fraction) can affect several mechanisms that lead to anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects that decrease cell growth, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.Conclusions: Considering the effects of bergamot and its new formulations, we affirm the importance of its rational use in humans and illustrate how bergamot can be utilized in clinical applications. Numerous studies evaluated the effect of new bergamot formulations that can affect the absorption and, therefore, the final effects by altering the therapeutic profile of bergamot and enhancing the scientific knowledge of bergamot.

Interdisciplinary training for the family approach in primary healthcare / Formación interdisciplinaria para el enfoque familiar en la atención primaria de salud / A formação interdisciplinar para a abordagem familiar na atenção primária à saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the interdisciplinary training of health team professionals to work with the family in Primary Healthcare, considering the complexity of the family phenomenon in their health and illness experiences. Method: A reflection article in which the need to incorporate new concepts for training professionals to work with the family in Primary Healthcare is discussed. Results: The theoretical articulation between the Patient- and Family-Centered Care Model, Interprofessional Education and Primary Healthcare is fundamental to guide interdisciplinary training in health, aiming at including the family as the protagonist of the care of its members and active in the teaching and learning process of the healthcare professionals. Conclusion: It becomes necessary to promote changes in the training model of health professionals to incorporate collaborative practice with the family.

RESUMEN Objetivo: reflexionar sobre la formación interdisciplinar de los profesionales del equipo de salud para el trabajo con la familia en la Atención Primaria de Salud, considerando la complejidad del fenómeno familiar en sus vivencias de salud y enfermedad. Método: artículo de reflexión en el que se discute la necesidad de incorporar nuevos conceptos para la formación de profesionales para el trabajo con la familia en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Resultados: la articulación teórica entre el Modelo de Atención Centrado en el Paciente y la Familia, la Educación Interprofesional y la Atención Primaria de Salud es fundamental para orientar la formación interdisciplinaria en salud, visando incluir a la familia como protagonista del cuidado de sus miembros y activa en el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje de los profesionales. Conclusión: es necesario promover cambios en el modelo de formación de los profesionales de la salud para la incorporación de la práctica colaborativa con la familia.

RESUMO Objetivo: refletir sobre a formação interdisciplinar dos profissionais da equipe de saúde para atuar com a família na Atenção Primária à Saúde, considerando a complexidade do fenômeno família em suas experiências de saúde e doença. Método: artigo de reflexão em que se discute a necessidade de incorporar novas concepções para a formação dos profissionais para atuar com a família na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados: a articulação teórica entre o Modelo do Cuidado Centrado no Paciente e na Família, a Educação Interprofissional e a Atenção Primária à Saúde é fundamental para nortear a formação interdisciplinar em saúde, visando a inclusão da família como protagonista do cuidado de seus membros e ativa no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos profissionais. Conclusão: torna-se necessário promover mudanças no modelo de formação dos profissionais de saúde para a incorporação da prática colaborativa junto à família.

Estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por crianças com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico / Estrategias de enfrentamiento utilizadas por niños con cáncer en tratamiento quimioterápico / Coping strategies used by children with cancer in chemotherapy treatment

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por crianças com câncer diante de uma situação difícil antes e após intervenção com jogo de tabuleiro. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção, realizado no ambulatório de quimioterapia de um centro de tratamento especializado em oncologia pediátrica de Mato Grosso do Sul. A amostra foi composta por 10 crianças de 7 a 12 anos em tratamento quimioterápico. Para a coleta de dados foi aplicada a escala Kidcope - versão infantil brasileira, antes e após a intervenção com o jogo de tabuleiro "Skuba! Uma aventura no fundo do mar". Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: as situações difíceis referidas pelas crianças foram de natureza pessoal e envolviam procedimentos invasivos durante o tratamento. Evidenciou-se o uso de estratégias de enfrentamento de evitação, como distração e pensamento mágico. As crianças revelaram, quanto ao uso das estratégias, que tentavam esquecer a situação difícil, através de atividades de distração, como assistir à televisão ou jogar um jogo, e não ficar sozinhas, evitando assim o isolamento social. Conclusão: as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelas crianças com câncer, mediadas pela intervenção com o jogo de tabuleiro, foram de evitação, com o predomínio da distração.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar las estrategias de enfrentamiento utilizadas por niños con cáncer ante una situación difícil antes y después de la intervención con juego de mesa. Método: se trata de un estudio de intervención, realizado en el ambulatorio de quimioterapia de un centro de tratamiento especializado en oncología pediátrica de Mato Grosso do Sul-Brasil. La muestra fue compuesta por 10 niños de 7 a 12 años en tratamiento quimioterápico. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó la escala Kidcope - versión infantil brasileña, antes y después de la intervención con el juego de mesa "¡Skuba! Una aventura en el fondo del mar". Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: las situaciones difíciles relatadas por los niños fueron de naturaleza personal e involucraban procedimientos invasivos durante el tratamiento. Se evidenció el uso de estrategias de enfrentamiento de evitación, como distracción y pensamiento mágico. Los niños revelaron, en cuanto al uso de las estrategias, que intentaban olvidar la situación difícil, a través de actividades de distracción, como ver la televisión o jugar un juego, y no quedarse solos, evitando así el aislamiento social. Conclusión: las estrategias de enfrentamiento utilizadas por los niños con cáncer, mediadas por la intervención con el juego de mesa, fueron de evitación, con el predominio de la distracción.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify coping strategies used by children with cancer in the face of a difficult situation before and after intervention with a board game. Method: this is an intervention study, conducted in the outpatient chemotherapy of a treatment center specialized in pediatric oncology in Mato Grosso do Sul. The sample consisted of 10 children aged 7 to 12 years undergoing chemotherapy. For data collection was applied the Kidcope scale - Brazilian children's version, before and after the intervention with the board game "Skuba! An adventure on the seabed". For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: the difficult situations reported by the children were of a personal nature and involved invasive procedures during treatment. The use of avoidance coping strategies, such as distraction and magical thinking, was evidenced. The children revealed, regarding the use of strategies that they tried to forget the difficult situation, through distraction activities, such as watching television or playing a game, and not being alone, thus avoiding social isolation. Conclusion: the coping strategies used by children with cancer, mediated by the intervention with the board game, were avoidance, with the predominance of distraction.

The Happiness for Italy's Victory at the European Soccer Championships Costs a "Happy Heart Syndrome".

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is usually caused by physical or emotional negative stressors. Sometimes positive emotions trigger a rare form of Takotsubo syndrome, called the "happy heart" syndrome. We discuss the management of a 52-year-old female with happy heart syndrome, the differences between these stress cardiomyopathies and the relationship with hyperthyroidism. LEARNING POINTS: The happy heart syndrome is less common than other stress cardiomyopathies but emergency doctors, cardiologists and all specialists in internal medicine should take into account this cardiomyopathy, which occurs in patients with previous positive emotions. It is triggered by opposite stressors to Takotsubo syndrome and sometimes it may be misdiagnosed. Beyond triggers it has some different clinical features, and the management is similar. It is a rare disease, and is therefore underdiagnosed.Everybody experiences positive emotions in life but only a small percentage develop stress cardiomyopathy. A susceptibility is needed to trigger these cardiomyopathies such as hyperthyroidism, which has to be promptly treated with an endocrinologist's help.In clinical practice it is common to diagnose stress cardiomyopathies without following up the patients. We need to follow up these patients especially looking for concomitant conditions such as hyperthyroidism or hypersympathetic activity, which could present during follow-up.

Less air pollution did not explain the decline in admissions for AMI during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Sardinia, Italy.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) decreased worldwide. We compared the admissions for AMI in the four regional 24/7 cath lab during the national lockdown, the 8 weeks before the lockdown, the 8 weeks after the e lockdown, and the corresponding time period in 2019 and we analyzed the average level of pollution in the studies areas. A marked decline in AMI admissions was observed during the lockdown period in comparison with the 8 weeks before the lockdown (p < 0.0001) and a significant increase in the 8 weeks after the lockdown (p < 0.00001). No significant change in air pollutants density were highlighted. Since air pollution did not change substantially in our region, the environment factor cannot explain the decline in the number of admissions for AMI we recorded during the lockdown. Fear of contagion is the most plausible reason for the drop of hospitalizations during the lockdown period.

Gestão do conhecimento na área de saúde: compartilhamento e aprendizagem / Gestión del conocimiento en salud: compartiendo y aprendiendo / Knowledge management in the health area: sharing and learning

Objetivo: identificar a Gestão do Conhecimento da saúde. Método: Realizou-se um estudo de revisão integrativa, com base nas recomendações do método PRISMA para mapear processos, abordagens, técnicas, procedimentos e instrumentos de pesquisa sobre a GC na área da saúde. Foram incluídos trabalhos nacionais e internacionais em português e inglês a partir de 2016 até 2020 Resultado: Foram identificados 103 artigos nas bases de buscas e após análise criteriosa, incluídos nove para compor os resultados e discussão. Conclusão: O importante na área de saúde são os processos e as estratégias da gestão do conhecimento serem baseados em modelos já comprovados e eficazes, além de abordados de forma sistemática e estruturada. Os profissionais de saúde possuem características específicas que os habilitam a agir de maneira coordenada e colaborativa. Ressalta-se que, para que o compartilhamento do conhecimento, deve existir confiança mútua e respeito(AU)

Objective: to identify Health Knowledge Management. Method: An integrative review study was carried out, based on the recommendations of the PRISMA method to map research processes, approaches, techniques, procedures and instruments on KM in the health area. National and international works in Portuguese and English were included from 2016 to 2020 Result: 103 articles were identified in the search bases and after careful analysis, eight were included to compose the results and discussion. Conclusion: The important thing in the health area is that knowledge management processes and strategies are based on proven and effective models, in addition to being approached in a systematic and structured way. Health professionals have specific characteristics that enable them to act in a coordinated and collaborative way. It is noteworthy that, for knowledge sharing, there must be mutual trust and respect(AU)

Objetivo: identificar la Gestión del Conocimiento en Salud. Método: Se realizó un estudio de revisión integradora, con base en las recomendaciones del método PRISMA para mapear procesos, enfoques, técnicas, procedimientos e instrumentos de investigación sobre la GC en el área de la salud. Se incluyeron trabajos nacionales e internacionales en portugués e inglés de 2016 a 2020. Resultado: Se identificaron 103 artículos en las bases de búsqueda y luego de un análisis cuidadoso, se incluyeron ocho para componer los resultados y la discusión. Conclusión: Lo importante en el área de la salud es que los procesos y estrategias de gestión del conocimiento se basan en modelos probados y efectivos, además de ser abordados de manera sistemática y estructurada. Los profesionales de la salud tienen características específicas que les permiten actuar de forma coordinada y colaborativa. Cabe señalar que, para compartir conocimientos, debe haber confianza y respeto mutuos(AU)

Formação e qualificação das equipes do serviço aeromédico no Brasil / Training and qualification of aeromedical service teams in Brazil

Objetivo: Descrever sobre a formação e qualificação dos profissionais de saúde que realizam remoções aéreas,suas particularidades e legislações pertinentes, no Brasil. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória, sobre o processo de formação, qualificação e atuação profissional no serviço de transporte aéreo. O desenvolvimento do estudo deu­se no período de julho a agosto de 2021. Resultado: O transporte aeromédico possui duas áreas com características muito distintas, o setor de aviação e o da medicina aeroespacial. Entretanto, possuem processos muito similares, as regulamentações são fragmentadas, as legislações são inespecíficas e há pouca oferta de formação e/ou capacitações. Assim, é essencial o uso de novas ferramentas para gestão do conhecimento. Conclusão: O processo de formação profissional demanda tempo, qualificação específica e desenvolvimento de habilidades avançadas. Para tal, as equipes devem ser especializadas, experientes, capazes de tomar decisões precisas e rápidas(AU)

Objective: To disclose about a training and qualification of two health professionals who carry out air removais,their particularities and pertinent legislation, not Brazil. Method: lt deals with an exploratory descriptive research, on the process of training, qualification and professional performance not air transport service. Either development of the study from July to August 2021 . Result: Either aeromedical transport has two areas with very different characteristics, or aviation and aerospace medicine setting. ln the meantime, there are very similar processes, the regulations are fragmented, the laws are unspecific and there is little offer of training and / or qualifications. Also, it is essential or use of nova ferramentas for conhecimento management. Conclusion: The professional training process demands time, specific qualification and development of advanced skills. For this, teams must be specialized, experienced, capable of making precise and fast decisions.(AU)

Objetivo: Describir la formación y calificación de los profesionales de la salud que realizan remociones aéreas, susparticularidades y legislación relevante en Brasil. Método: Se trata de una investigación descriptiva exploratoria sobre el proceso de formación, calificación y desempeno profesional en el servicio de transporte aéreo. EI desarrollo dei estudio se llevó a cabo de julio a agosto de 2021. Resultado: EI transporte aeromédico tiene dos áreas con características muy diferentes, el sector de la aviación y el sector de la medicina aeroespacial. Sin embargo, tienen procesos muy similares, la normativa está fragmentada, la legislación es poco específica y hay poca oferta de formación y / o formación. Por tanto, el uso de nuevas herramientas de gestión dei conocimiento es fundamental. Conclusión: EI proceso de formación profesional demanda tiempo, cualificación específica y desarrollo de competencias avanzadas. Para ello, como equipas, deben ser especializados, experimentados, capaces de tomar decisiones acertadas y rápidas(AU)

Categorização dos pontos estratégicos da fisiologia de voo para o transporte aeromédico / Categorización de puntos estratégicos de fisiología de vuelo para el transporte aeromédico / Categorization of strategic points of flight physiology for aeromedical transport

Objetivo: Categorizar os pontos estratégicos da fisiologia de voo que possam interferir no transporte aeromédico.Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada com base no modelo PRISMA - Preferred Reporting ltems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2021 . Resultado: Foram utilizados 1 O trabalhos, elencadas seis categorias: (i) Altitude; (ii) Áreas comuns que precisam de atenção; (iii) Forças de Aceleração; (iv) Hipóxia, (v) Preparação para o voo do paciente; (vi) Umidade, Temperatura e Gravidade. Conclusão: O transporte em aeronaves de asa fixa necessita de um conhecimento de fisiologia de voo, potenciais alterações na altitude, recomendações específicas, equipe de saúde e tripulação capacitadas para reconhecer e intervir. Assim como, possuam práticas avançadas, compartilhem as informações, maximizem os processos de segurança e qualidade no ambiente hipobárico. (AU)

Objective: To categorize the strategic points of flight physiology that may interfere with aeromedical transport.Method: This is an integrative literature review study, based on the PRISMA model - Preferred Reporting ltems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The search for articles was carried out in August and September 2021. Result: 1 O works were used, listed in six categories: (i) Altitude; (ii) Common areas that need attention; (iii) Acceleration Forces; (iv) Hypoxia, (v) Preparation for the patient's flight; (vi) Humidity, Temperature and Gravity. Conclusion: Transportation in fixed-wing aircraft requires knowledge of flight physiology, potential changes in altitude, specific recommendations, health care team and crew trained to recognize and intervene. As well as having advanced practices, share information, maximize safety and quality processes in the hypobaric environment.(AU)

Objetivo: Categorizar los puntos estratégicos de la fisiología dei vuelo que pueden interferir con el transporteaeromédico. Método: Este es un estudio de revisión de literatura integradora, basado en el modelo PRISMA - ftems de reporte preferidos para revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis. La búsqueda de artículos se realizá en los meses de agosto y septiembre de 2021. Resultado: se utilizaron 1 O obras, clasificadas en seis categorías: (i) Altitud; (ii) Áreas comunes que necesitan atención; (iii) Fuerzas de Aceleración; (iv) Hipoxia, (v) Preparación para el vuelo dei paciente; (vi) Humedad, temperatura y gravedad. Conclusión: EI transporte en aeronaves requiere conocimientos de fisiología de vuelo, posibles cambias de altitud, recomendaciones específicas, equipo de atención médica y tripulación capacitados para reconocer e intervenir. Además de contar con prácticas avanzadas, compartir información, maximizar los procesos de seguridad y calidad en el ambiente hipobárico(AU)

Uso das tecnologias digitais para capacitação das equipes aéreas de saúde: gestão do conhecimento / Uso de tecnologías digitales para formar equipos de salud del aire: gestión del conocimiento / Use of digital technologies for training air health teams: knowledge management

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência do processo de criação e compartilhamento dos treinamentos em formato de vídeos para capacitar as equipes de transporte inter-hospitalar aeromédico, no início da pandemia. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, sendo realizado em abril de 2021, sobre a criação de vídeos educativos com intuito de capacitar as equipes no atendimento de casos suspeitos ou confirmados de COVID-19. Resultados: Os vídeos foram elaborados pela equipe multiprofissional, no início da pandemia. A capacitação por 'Ensino a Distância Emergencial' tornou-se a melhor escolha. Foram elaborados 10 vídeos, com tempo médio de elaboração de 639 minutos, utilizada a plataforma digital do YouTube®, disponibilizados para equipes, que aderiram 100%. Conclusão: Fica evidente a importância da qualificação, com a finalidade de reconhecer efetivamente as particularidades do atendimento no ambiente aeroespacial, alinhados a gestão do conhecimento(AU)

Objective: To describe the experience of the process of creating and sharing training in video format to train air medical inter-hospital transport teams at the beginning of the pandemic. Method: This is an experience report, carried out in April 2021, on the creation of educational videos to train teams in the care of suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. Results: The videos were prepared by the multidisciplinary team at the beginning of the pandemic. 'Emergency Distance Learning' training became the best choice. Ten videos were produced, with an average time of 639 minutes, using the YouTube® digital platform, made available to teams, which adhered 100%. Conclusion: The importance of qualification is evident, in order to effectively recognize the particularities of service in the aerospace environment, in line with knowledge management(AU)

Objetivo: Describir la experiencia del proceso de creación y puesta en común de capacitaciones en formato de video para capacitar a equipos de transporte aéreo médico interhospitalario al inicio de la pandemia. Método: Se trata de un informe de experiencia, realizado en abril de 2021, sobre la creación de videos educativos con el fin de capacitar a los equipos en la atención de casos sospechosos o confirmados de COVID-19. Resultados: Los videos fueron elaborados por el equipo multidisciplinario al inicio de la pandemia. La formación "Aprendizaje a distancia de emergencia" se convirtió en la mejor opción. Se produjeron diez videos, con un tiempo promedio de 639 minutos, utilizando la plataforma digital YouTube®, puestos a disposición de los equipos, que se adhirieron al 100%. Conclusión: La importancia de la calificación es evidente, para reconocer efectivamente las particularidades del servicio en el entorno aeroespacial, en línea con la gestión del conocimiento(AU)

Sertoli Cells Improve Myogenic Differentiation, Reduce Fibrogenic Markers, and Induce Utrophin Expression in Human DMD Myoblasts.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in DMD gene translating in lack of functional dystrophin and resulting in susceptibility of myofibers to rupture during contraction. Inflammation and fibrosis are critical hallmarks of DMD muscles, which undergo progressive degeneration leading to loss of independent ambulation in childhood and death by early adulthood. We reported that intraperitoneal injection of microencapsulated Sertoli cells (SeC) in dystrophic mice translates into recovery of muscle morphology and performance thanks to anti-inflammatory effects and induction of the dystrophin paralogue, utrophin at the muscle level, opening new avenues in the treatment of DMD. The aim of this study is to obtain information about the direct effects of SeC on myoblasts/myotubes, as a necessary step in view of a translational application of SeC-based approaches to DMD. We show that (i) SeC-derived factors stimulate cell proliferation in the early phase of differentiation in C2C12, and human healthy and DMD myoblasts; (ii) SeC delay the expression of differentiation markers in the early phase nevertheless stimulating terminal differentiation in DMD myoblasts; (iii) SeC restrain the fibrogenic potential of fibroblasts, and inhibit myoblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation; and, (iv) SeC provide functional replacement of dystrophin in preformed DMD myotubes regardless of the mutation by inducing heregulin ß1/ErbB2/ERK1/2-dependent utrophin expression. Altogether, these results show that SeC are endowed with promyogenic and antifibrotic effects on dystrophic myoblasts, further supporting their potential use in the treatment of DMD patients. Our data also suggest that SeC-based approaches might be useful in improving the early phase of muscle regeneration, during which myoblasts have to adequately proliferate to replace the damaged muscle mass.

A Historical Collection of Termites in Ferrara: Recovery, Cataloguing and Geographical Analyses.

Termites are an insect group relevant for recycling of organic matter, but they are also biodeteriogenic and may cause serious damages to wooden structures (including historical buildings and ancient libraries) in anthropogenic environments. The collection of Italian and foreign termites gathered over the years by Antonio Springhetti, Professor of Zoology at the University of Ferrara (Ferrara, Italy) and internationally renowned entomologist, contains over 44,000 specimens, collected by Springhetti during his field campaigns or donated by other entomologists from all over the world. The collection is currently preserved at the Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology of the University of Ferrara. Unfortunately, all documents, publications and notes concerning the Springhetti Collection were lost; thus, in 2020, the collection was completely re-catalogued within the University Museum System and analyzed in detail. The collection contains specimens dating back to 1878 and represents not only a valuable scientific tool for studies on these ecologically relevant insects that may cause damages to historical buildings, ancient books and artworks but also an important cultural asset for the University Museum System.

Analysis of Insect Pests in an 18th-Century Historical Pharmacy: A Case Study in Ferrara.

Historical pharmacies are valuable artistic, cultural, and scientific assets. In Italy, 482 historical pharmacies have been catalogued thus far, among which is the Navarra-Bragliani Pharmacy in Ferrara, whose wood furniture dates back to the 18th century. A study on insects causing biodeterioration was carried out for the first time on this valuable asset in order to monitor and preserve it. Insect samples were collected during surveys and examined by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, using taxonomical keys for identification. The results revealed the presence of three species of Coleoptera-the first one specialised to attack wood materials, the second one polyphagous, and the third one feeding on materials of animal origin. The data obtained in this investigation may be useful for the preservation of the precious furnishing of the historical Navarra-Bragliani Pharmacy for performing similar studies on other ancient pharmacies aimed to protect these valuable cultural and scientific assets.

Heat-not-burn tobacco (IQOS), oral fibroblasts and keratinocytes: cytotoxicity, morphological analysis, apoptosis and cellular cycle. An in vitro study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to investigate the biological effects of IQOS smoking on human gingival fibroblasts and human keratinocytes analysing cell viability, morphology, migration, apoptosis and cell cycle. BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarettes and tobacco heating systems have been marketed to reduce smoking damages caused by combustion. METHODS: Human gingival fibroblasts and human keratinocytes viability was determined by a colorimetric assay measuring mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (MTT assay); after an in vitro exposure of 24 h, cell morphology was analysed with scanning electron microscope and cell migration was tested by Scratch assay, a method to mimic the migration of the cells during wound healing in vivo. Apoptosis and cell cycle were analysed with flow cytometry, and the expression of related genes (p53, Bcl2, p16 and p21) was indagated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: IQOS extracts increased both cell viability (23%-41% with fibroblasts and 30%-79% with keratinocytes) and migration. No morphological alterations were observed. IQOS extracts did not induced an increase in cell death, but rose the number of S- and G2/M-phase cells. IQOS extracts also significantly increased p53 expression by fibroblasts (undiluted and 6.25% dilution, 2- and 3.6-fold higher, respectively) and reduced both Bcl2 (about two- and fivefold, respectively) and p21 expressions (about twofold with both extracts), while on keratinocytes both undiluted and 6.25% dilution extracts increased Bcl2 expression (about four- and threefold higher, respectively) and reduced p53 expression (about two- and fivefold, respectively). CONCLUSION: IQOS smoke seemed to induce proliferation as highlighted by a viability assay, and migration and cell cycle analysis. The increased cell proliferation induced by IQOS devices must be carefully investigated for its possible clinical effects on oral cell populations.