RESUMO
Bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) has been shown to positively modulate several mechanisms involved in metabolic syndrome, suggesting its use in therapy. In particular, it is able to induce a significant amelioration of serum lipid profile in hyperlipemic patients at different levels. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of BPF on cholesterol absorption physiologically mediated by pancreatic cholesterol ester hydrolase (pCEH). An in vitro activity assay was performed to study the effect of BPF on pCEH, whereas the rate of cholesterol absorption was evaluated through in vivo studies. In particular, male, Sprague-Dawley rats (200225 g) were fed either normal chow or chow supplemented with 0.5% cholic acid, 5.5% peanut oil, and varying amounts of cholesterol (0 to 1.5%). BPF (10 mg/Kg) was daily administrated by means of a gastric gavage to animals fed with lipid supplemented diet for 4 weeks and, at the end of the study, plasma lipids and liver cholesteryl esters were measured in all experimental groups. Our results show that BPF was able to inhibit pCEH activity and this effect was confirmed, in vivo, via detection of lymphatic cholesteryl ester in rats fed with a cholesterol-rich diet. This evidence clarifies a further mechanism responsible for the hypolipemic properties of BPF previously observed in humans, confirming its beneficial effect in the therapy of hypercholesterolemia and in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Hiperlipidemias/tratamento farmacológico , Hipolipemiantes/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Esterol Esterase/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Colesterol/administração & dosagem , Colesterol/sangue , Ésteres do Colesterol/sangue , Ácido Cólico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Cólico/sangue , Absorção Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/metabolismo , Hiperlipidemias/patologia , Hipolipemiantes/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólica/patologia , Óleos de Plantas/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Esterol Esterase/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
Defects in the structure of the middle piece of poultry spermatozoon were studied by the electron-microscopic method. The defects included loose jointing of the head and falgellum owing to the shallow invagination fossa of the nucleus, and structural and mainly shape alterations of the proximal centriole. These defects existed in spermatozoa with a normal shape of nucleus as well as in those with rounded or otherwise irregularly shaped nuclei.
