Risk factors associated with the death of patients hospitalized for juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

We assessed the risk factors associated with death in patients hospitalized for juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and evaluated the autopsy reports. A total of 57,159 hospitalizations occurred in our institution from 1994 to 2003, 169 of them involving 71 patients with JSLE. The most recent hospitalization of these patients was evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups based on mortality during hospitalization: those who survived (N = 53) and those who died (N = 18). The main causes of hospitalization were JSLE activity associated with infection in 52% and isolated JSLE activity in 44%. Univariate analysis showed that a greater risk of death was due to severe sepsis (OR = 17.8, CI = 4.5-70.9), systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) >or=8 (OR = 7.6, CI = 1.1-53.8), general infections (OR = 6.1, CI = 1.5-25), fungal infections (OR = 5.4, CI = 3.2-9), acute renal failure (OR = 5.1, CI = 2.5-10.4), acute thrombocytopenia (OR = 3.9, CI = 1.9-8.4), and bacterial infections (OR = 2.3, CI = 1.2-7.5). Stratified analysis showed that severe sepsis and SLEDAI >or=8 were not confounder variables. In the multivariate analysis, logistic regression showed that the only independent variable in death prediction was severe sepsis (OR = 98, CI = 16.3-586.2). Discordance between clinical diagnosis and autopsy was observed in 6/10 cases. Mortality of hospitalized JSLE patients was associated with severe sepsis. Autopsy was important to determine events not detected or doubtful in dead patients and should always be requested.

Risk factors associated with the death of patients hospitalized for juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus

We assessed the risk factors associated with death in patients hospitalized for juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and evaluated the autopsy reports. A total of 57,159 hospitalizations occurred in our institution from 1994 to 2003, 169 of them involving 71 patients with JSLE. The most recent hospitalization of these patients was evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups based on mortality during hospitalization: those who survived (N = 53) and those who died (N = 18). The main causes of hospitalization were JSLE activity associated with infection in 52 percent and isolated JSLE activity in 44 percent. Univariate analysis showed that a greater risk of death was due to severe sepsis (OR = 17.8, CI = 4.5-70.9), systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) ³8 (OR = 7.6, CI = 1.1-53.8), general infections (OR = 6.1, CI = 1.5-25), fungal infections (OR = 5.4, CI = 3.2-9), acute renal failure (OR = 5.1, CI = 2.5-10.4), acute thrombocytopenia (OR = 3.9, CI = 1.9-8.4), and bacterial infections (OR = 2.3, CI = 1.2-7.5). Stratified analysis showed that severe sepsis and SLEDAI ³8 were not confounder variables. In the multivariate analysis, logistic regression showed that the only independent variable in death prediction was severe sepsis (OR = 98, CI = 16.3-586.2). Discordance between clinical diagnosis and autopsy was observed in 6/10 cases. Mortality of hospitalized JSLE patients was associated with severe sepsis. Autopsy was important to determine events not detected or doubtful in dead patients and should always be requested.

[Deficiencies in diagnosing HIV-infection during pregnancy in Brazil, 1998]. / Falhas na identificação da infecção pelo HIV durante a gravidez em São Paulo, SP, 1998.

OBJECTIVE: The increasing number of women with AIDS in the state of São Paulo has lead to the implementation of a series of measures to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission. The objective of this study was to evaluate these measures' deficiencies regarding coverage and quality of prenatal care in some HIV reference services in the state of São Paulo. METHODS: All HIV-positive women, aged 18 years or more, who gave birth in 1998 were interviewed when they came for a visit with an infectologist or a pediatrician in three cities (São Paulo, Santos and São José do Rio Preto) of the state of São Paulo. A structured questionnaire was applied. Prenatal care and time of their HIV infection diagnosis (before, during or after pregnancy) were assessed. RESULTS: Of 116 women interviewed, 109/116 (94%) had attended a prenatal care service during pregnancy, 64% had their first visit in the first trimester and 80% had 3 or more visits during pregnancy. The mean age of those who attended a prenatal service was 29.1 years, higher than those who did not attend any service (24.3 years). The HIV-positive status was known by 45%, 38% and 17% of the women before pregnancy, during pregnancy and after delivery, respectively. HIV testing was offered to 82% who did not know their serologic status, and among these, only 56% were informed about the importance of getting tested. The basic health care units (UBS) were less efficient in conveying information to the mothers about their children's infection risk (p=0.037) and their treatment needs (p=0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The main deficiencies identified were lack of HIV testing during pregnancy and inadequate information. Though basic health care units are the most important source of care for this population, its contribution to the understanding of risks and treatment needs was the most unsatisfactory.

Educaçäo em saúde no combate à AIDS / Health education in the struggle against AIDS

Descreve atividades, problemas e resultados observados, por uma equipe multiprofissional no desenvolvimento de um projeto de educaçäo em saúde sobre a temática AIDS, junto aos alunos e professores de uma escola pública de primeiro grau. Mostra que a efetiva integraçäo entre profissionais das áreas de Saúde e Educaçäo permite a viabilizaçäo deste tipo de proposta, mesmo tratando de temas considerados tabu, o que dificulta ou até impede a sua abordagem junto aos alunos