RESUMO
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly infectious viral disease causing severe losses to the pig industry. Most weaning piglets are likely to be exposed to the infection and show at least asymptomatic PRRS viremia strongly related to productive performance. The aims of this study were to set up experimental conditions for pig sera proteomic profiling and to identify biomarkers that differentiate weaning asymptomatic piglets positive to PRRS viremia from negative controls (PCR tested) with potential predictive value for the subsequent occurrence of clinical PRRS. Protein profiles were generated by SELDI-TOF MS using the Bio-Rad Chips WCX, IMAC30 and H50. The discovery phase revealed that a consistent number of highly significant protein peaks can be detected by the WCX and IMAC30 surfaces; however none of these peaks were statistically confirmed by the subsequent validation phase, highlighting that serum concentration of the contaminant and most abundant proteins is a crucial parameterfor SELDI-TOF MS studies. Current protocols are being furtheroptimized and adapted to pig sera to reduce the unfavourable effects of the most abundant proteins and to increase the number of potential detectable biomarkers. Furthermore, proteomic fingerprint profiling has been shown to be a promising diagnostic tool that, in the future, may be useful to provide also insights into the mechanisms of early viral infection in vivo.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores/sangue , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva Suína/diagnóstico , Animais , SuínosRESUMO
NK cells express receptors characterized by opposite functions that finely regulate their activities. Among inhibitory receptors, some are specific for different groups of MHC class I alleles, while others are still orphan receptors. On the contrary, various activating receptors are involved in the triggering of NK-mediated natural cytotoxicity. In general, their engagement induces human NK cells to kill target cells that are either HLA class I-negative or -deficient. Thus, the process of NK cell triggering mediated by Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors can be mainly considered as a non MHC-restricted mechanism. Here, a brief description of the molecular nature of these receptors, as well as, of their 3D-structures and of the implications for ligand recognition, is given.
Assuntos
Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Receptores Imunológicos/fisiologia , Antígenos CD/química , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/fisiologia , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica/química , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica/genética , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica/fisiologia , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17/genética , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , Humanos , Lectinas/química , Lectinas/genética , Lectinas/fisiologia , Modelos Imunológicos , Modelos Moleculares , Família Multigênica , Receptor 1 Desencadeador da Citotoxicidade Natural , Receptor 2 Desencadeador da Citotoxicidade Natural , Psoríase/genética , Psoríase/imunologia , Receptores Imunológicos/química , Receptores Imunológicos/genética , Receptores KIR , Receptores de Células Matadoras NaturaisRESUMO
We have developed a novel plasmid-based, quantitative, in vitro screen to test the protease-inhibiting activities of existing and newly discovered agents.
