Divergent Gut Microbiota: Archaeal and Bacterial Signatures Unveil Unique Patterns in Colombian Cyclists Compared to Weightlifters and Non-Athletes.

Engagement in physical activity, across various sports, promotes a diverse microbiota in active individuals. This study examines the gut microbiota of Colombian athletes, specifically weightlifters (n = 16) and road cyclists (n = 13), compared to non-athletes (n = 15). Using Kruskal-Wallis tests, the physical activity level of a group of non-athletic individuals and the sports experience of a group of professional athletes is analyzed. The median age of participants is 24 years, comprising 25 men and 19 women. The microbiota is collected using fecal samples. Participants provided these samples during their pre-competitive stage, specifically during the concentration phase occurring two weeks prior to national competitions. This timing is chosen to capture the microbial composition during a period of heightened physical preparation. Questionnaire responses and microbial composition assessments identify disparities among groups. Microbial composition analysis explores core microbiome, abundance, and taxonomy using Pavian, MicrobiomeAnalyst 2.0, and GraPhlAn. ANCOM-BC2 reveals differentially abundant species. Road cyclists exhibit decreased Bacteria and increased Archaea abundance. Phylum-level variations included Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria, while Bacteroidetes prevailed. Key families influencing gut microbiota are Bacteroidaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Selenomonadaceae. Weightlifters exhibit unique viral and archaeal community connections, while cyclists showed specialized microbial interplay influenced by endurance exercise. Correlation network analysis emphasizes distinctive microbial interactions within athlete groups, shedding light on the impact of physical activities on gut microbiota and athlete health.

Long-time signatures of short-time dynamics in decaying quantum-chaotic systems.

We analyze the decay of classically chaotic quantum systems in the presence of fast ballistic escape routes on the Ehrenfest time scale. For a continuous excitation process, the form factor of the decay cross section deviates from the universal random-matrix result on the Heisenberg time scale, i.e., for times much larger than the time for ballistic escape. We derive an exact analytical description and compare our results with numerical simulations for a dynamical model.

Measurements of mandibular length: a comparison of articulare vs condylion.

This study examines the validity of articulare for mandibular length measurements by exposing 3 lateral cephalograms on each of 60 consecutive patients. The radiographs were exposed with the patient in a closed-mouth position in habitual occlusion, a closed-mouth position with the patient in centric relation, and in an open-mouth position. The linear distances (mm) of articulare (Ar) to pogonion (Pog), Ar to gonion (Go), and Go to Pog were measured on the 2 closed-mouth cephalograms and compared with each other as well as the linear distances of condyle (Co) to Pog, Co to Go, and Go to Pog measured from the open-mouth cephalogram on each individual. Product-moment correlation coefficients were used to measure the linear associations among the mandibular measurements from the 3 techniques. Repeated measures analyses of variance were also fit to estimate the correlations between the 3 measurements adjusted for age and sex. The results of this study show that measurements taken from both closed-mouthed techniques agreed extremely well (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99). In addition, measurements from both closed-mouth techniques highly agreed with the corresponding measurements taken with the open-mouth technique (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.94). This data suggests that measurements taken from Ar correlate very well with measurements taken from Co and that this correlation is not dependent on whether the patient is positioned in habitual occlusion or centric relation.

[Caudal appendix in sequential defects of amniotic rupture. A case report]. / Apéndice caudal en los defectos secuenciales de ruptura de amnios. Presentación de un caso.

We present the case of a stillbirth, who presented with constrictive amniotic bands, amniotic adhesions, limb-body-wall complex, and the presence of a pseudotail that was studied at the Pathology Unit of the Acapulco General Hospital. This entity, formerly termed cyllosomus and pleurosomus, is rare. The anomalies were interpreted as being band- and/or compression-related defects. The latter included limb deficiency, body wall deficiency, neural tube defects, scoliosis, postural deformations, growth deficiency and short umbilical cord. The scanty literature on this subject in Mexico is due to the lack of interest to report isolated cases like the one we comment here, which depends on local interest in teratology.

[Uterine perforation and localization of an IUD in the bladder associated with bladder calculosis. Report of a case and review of the literature]. / Perforación uterina y localización vesical de un dispositivo intrauterino y cistolitiasis. Comunicación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

A case is reported of the presence of an intrauterine device into the bladder due to uterine perforation with calculus formation in a 39 year old woman, with two pregnancies after its installation. The patient was seen for complaints of pelvic pain, pollakiuria, dysuria and tenesmus, without uterine sintomatology. The case was studied in July of 1993 in the General Hospital "Vicente Guerrero" of Acapulco. To our knowledge only 19 previous cases have been reported in the literature of migration of an intrauterine device into the bladder with calculus formation. The literature is reviewed and we discuss the clinico-radiological findings.

The effect of chopped computer and bond paper mixed with wood shavings as a litter material on broiler performance.

The impact of utilizing chopped computer and bond paper as a litter material on growth performance of broilers reared to market age was evaluated. In the first experiment, broilers were placed in pens at 10 birds per square meter, and four different litter treatments were used; 1) 100% chopped computer and bond paper (CCP); 2) a mix of 75% CCP and 25% wood shavings (WS); 3) 50% CCP and 50% WS; 4) 100% WS. Experiment 2 evaluated the same treatments, but with densities of 14 birds per square meter. Litter treatments had no effect on body weight gain, feed consumption, conversion, or mortality for either of the two experiments. No differences were found for percentage litter moisture among treatments. Chopped computer and bond paper alone or mixed in different percentages with WS can be used as an alternate litter material for rearing broilers as long as there is good waterer management, especially with open watering systems. These systems may have the tendency to increase the incidence of litter caking.