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1.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 99(6): 376-384, Dic. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228656

RESUMO

Introducción: La conciliación de la medicación (CM) es una de las principales estrategias para disminuir los errores de medicación en las transiciones asistenciales. En España existen publicadas diferentes guías con recomendaciones para la implantación y el desarrollo de la CM orientadas a la población adulta, sin estar los pacientes pediátricos incluidos. En el año 2018 se llevó a cabo un estudio que permitió la posterior publicación de un documento con criterios de selección de pacientes pediátricos en los que priorizar la CM. Objetivos: Describir las características de los pacientes pediátricos con mayor probabilidad de sufrir errores de conciliación (EC), para confirmar si los resultados de un estudio previo son extrapolables. Metodología: Estudio prospectivo y multicéntrico con pacientes pediátricos ingresados. Se analizaron los EC detectados durante la realización de la CM al ingreso. La mejor historia farmacoterapéutica posible del paciente fue obtenida utilizando diferentes fuentes de información y confirmándose con una entrevista con el paciente/cuidador. Resultados: Se detectaron 1.043 discrepancias, determinándose como EC 544, afectando a 317 pacientes (43%). La omisión de algún medicamento fue el error más común (51%). La mayoría de los EC se asociaron con los medicamentos de los grupos A (31%), N (23%) y R (11%) de la clasificación ATC. La polimedicación y la enfermedad de base onco-hematológica fueron los factores de riesgo asociados a la presencia de EC con significación estadística. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos de este estudio permiten priorizar la CM en un grupo concreto de pacientes pediátricos, favoreciendo la eficiencia del proceso. Los pacientes onco-hematológicos y la polimedicación se confirman como los principales factores de riesgo para la aparición de EC en la población pediátrica.(AU)


Introduction: Medication reconciliation (MR) is one of the main strategies used to reduce medication errors in care transitions. In Spain, several guidelines have been published with recommendations for the implementation and development of MR processes aimed at the adult population, and not applicable to paediatric patients. In 2018, a study was carried out that allowed the subsequent publication of a document establishing criteria for the selection of paediatric patients in whom CM should be prioritised. Objectives: To describe the characteristics of the paediatric patients most likely to be subject to reconciliation errors (REs) to confirm whether the results of a previous study could be extrapolated. Methodology: Prospective, multicentre study in paediatric inpatients. We analysed the REs detected in the MR at the time of admission. We obtained the best possible medication history of the patient using different sources of information, subsequently confirmed through an interview with the patient/caregiver. Results: 1043 discrepancies were detected, of which 544 were categorised as REs, affecting 317 patients (43%). Omission of a drug was the most common error (51%). Most REs involved drugs in groups A (31%), N (23%) and R (11%) of the ATC classification. Polypharmacy and oncological/haematological disease were the risk factors that exhibited a statistically significant association with the occurrence of REs. Conclusions: The findings of this study allow the prioritisation of MR in a specific group of paediatric patients, contributing to improve the efficiency of the process. Oncological/haematological disease and polypharmacy were confirmed as the main risk factors for the occurrence of REs in the paediatric population.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Reconciliação de Medicamentos , Erros de Medicação , Segurança do Paciente , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Espanha , Pediatria , Estudos Prospectivos
2.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 67(4): e27963, 2020 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31407514

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The use of antifungals has expanded in pediatric hematology-oncology, and the need to develop pediatric-based surveillance and education activities is becoming crucial. The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary protocol on the adequacy of antifungal prescription in a pediatric hematology-oncology unit and to assess the effect of an educational intervention to improve the knowledge of prescribing pediatricians over time. METHODS: A multidisciplinary team established a protocol for the management of invasive fungal disease (IFD). The use of antifungals before (January 2012-May 2013) and after the protocol (June 2013-December 2015) was evaluated. Prescribing pediatricians attended a training course on IFD and were evaluated before 0, 6, and 12 months after the intervention. RESULTS: During the study period, antifungal agents were used in 185 episodes (56 children, 39.3% females), and were administered as prophylaxis (58.9%), empiric (34.6%), or targeted therapy (6.5%). Antifungal prescriptions were inadequate in 7% of the episodes, related to drug selection (53.8%), dosage (38.5%) and route of administration (7.7%). After protocol implementation, inadequate prescriptions decreased 9.9% (15.2% vs 5.3%; P = .04). Following the educational activity, the percentage of adequate responses to the questionnaire improved significantly compared to baseline, and persisted over time (19.7% improvement at 0 months [P < .0001]; 21.1% at 6 months [P < .0001]; 16.6% at 12 months [P = .002]). CONCLUSIONS: The establishment of multidisciplinary protocols and education activities improved the quality of antifungal prescription and the knowledge of prescribers regarding antifungal therapy. Therefore, these activities may be important for the implementation of antifungal stewardship programs in pediatrics.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Hematologia/educação , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/tratamento farmacológico , Oncologia/educação , Pediatria/educação , Padrões de Prática Médica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
3.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 88(3): 173.e1-177.e1, mar. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-172372

RESUMO

La parada cardiorrespiratoria (PCR) se puede presentar en cualquier lugar y en cualquier momento y por ello todos los centros sanitarios y los servicios de urgencias extrahospitalarias deben disponer de personal y material adecuado para realizar una reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP). Estas recomendaciones son el consenso de expertos del Grupo Español de Reanimación Cardiopulmonar Pediátrica y Neonatal sobre el material y medicación de RCP pediátrica y neonatal y su distribución y utilización. Los carros y mochilas de RCP deben tener el material y la medicación para llevar a cabo de forma rápida y eficiente una RCP pediátrica. Debe existir al menos un carro de RCP accesible en cada centro de atención primaria, unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales, servicio de urgencias, servicio de urgencias extrahospitalarias, planta de pediatría, área de consultas y zona de radiología. El carro de RCP debe contener solo el material y la medicación imprescindibles para realizar una RCP y atender a las urgencias vitales. El material debe ser conocido por el personal, incluir los repuestos necesarios y ser revisado y repuesto periódicamente. La estandarización y unificación del contenido (material y medicación) de los carros y mochilas de RCP pediátrica, así como el entrenamiento del personal en su utilización, son una parte esencial de la organización asistencial de la RCP pediátrica (AU)


Cardio-respiratory arrest (CPA) is infrequent in children, but it can occur in any place and at any time. This fact means that every health care facility must always have the staff and material ready to resuscitate a child. These recommendations are the consensus of experts of the Spanish Paediatric and Neonatal Resuscitation Group on the material and medication for paediatric and neonatal resuscitation and their distribution and use. CPR trolleys and backpacks must include the essential material to quickly and efficiently perform a paediatric CPR. At least one CPR trolley must be available in every Primary Care facility, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Department, and Pre-hospital Emergency Areas, as well as in paediatric wards, paediatric ambulatory areas, and radiology suites. This trolley must be easily accessible and exclusively include the essential items to perform a CPR and to assist children (from newborns to adolescents) who present with a life-threatening event. Such material must be familiar to all healthcare staff and also include the needed spare parts, as well as enough drug doses. It must also be re-checked periodically. The standardisation and unification of the material and medication of paediatric CPR carts, trolleys, and backpacks, as well as the training of the personnel in their use are an essential part of the paediatric CPR (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Criança , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Recursos Materiais em Saúde/classificação , Equipe de Respostas Rápidas de Hospitais , Recursos em Saúde
4.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 88(3): 173.e1-173.e7, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28688610

RESUMO

Cardio-respiratory arrest (CPA) is infrequent in children, but it can occur in any place and at any time. This fact means that every health care facility must always have the staff and material ready to resuscitate a child. These recommendations are the consensus of experts of the Spanish Paediatric and Neonatal Resuscitation Group on the material and medication for paediatric and neonatal resuscitation and their distribution and use. CPR trolleys and backpacks must include the essential material to quickly and efficiently perform a paediatric CPR. At least one CPR trolley must be available in every Primary Care facility, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Department, and Pre-hospital Emergency Areas, as well as in paediatric wards, paediatric ambulatory areas, and radiology suites. This trolley must be easily accessible and exclusively include the essential items to perform a CPR and to assist children (from newborns to adolescents) who present with a life-threatening event. Such material must be familiar to all healthcare staff and also include the needed spare parts, as well as enough drug doses. It must also be re-checked periodically. The standardisation and unification of the material and medication of paediatric CPR carts, trolleys, and backpacks, as well as the training of the personnel in their use are an essential part of the paediatric CPR.


Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/instrumentação , Equipamentos e Provisões Hospitalares/normas , Criança , Humanos , Recém-Nascido
5.
Index enferm ; 17(1): 53-57, ene.-mar. 2008.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67241

RESUMO

Introducción: la vía oral de administración de medicamentos es la vía más cómoda, segura y económica. Sin embargo, pueden existir interacciones con otros fármacos o con alimentos que alteren la eficacia y seguridad de los mismos. Objetivo: desarrollar un programa de información dirigido a enfermeros y enfermeras sobre la administración de medicamentos por vía oral. Método: se seleccionan los medicamentos más utilizados en el área de cardiología pediátrica, revisándose para cada principio activo la administración en relación con alimentos o productos medicinales y otros aspectos relacionados con la administración por vía oral. Resultados: se elabora una tabla informativa sobre un total de 28 principios activos. Discusión: Los farmacéuticos de hospital se han integrado recientemente en los equipos multidisciplinares y desde esta posición tienen la oportunidad de desarrollar diferentes programas de atención farmacéutica, educación sanitaria e información encaminadas a prevenir problemas relacionados con los medicamentos, aumentar su uso seguro y disminuir los riesgos asociados a cualquier tratamiento farmacológico. Las prescripciones médicas generalmente no indican el horario y la forma de administración de los medicamentos, dejando a enfermeros y enfermeras la responsabilidad de su organización. Por esto deben estar informados de cómo y cuándo se deben administrar los medicamentos, lo que permite garantizar su uso seguro y disminuir los riesgos asociados al tratamiento


Background: The easiest, safest and cheapest way to administrate drugs is by mouth (PO). Nevertheless, there may be interactions, either with other drugs or with food, which can modify efficacy and security of the drug itself. Objective: the development of a nursing information program about the administration of drugs PO. Method: we selected the most used drugs corresponding to the pediatric cardiology area, looking for the best administration possible with or without food or medicinal products, and any other aspect related to their administration PO. Results: we elaborate the following table with all the information collected. Discussion: hospital pharmacists have recently been integrated in the multidisciplinary team that take care of patients, and so now they have the opportunity of developing different pharmaceutical care programs, sanitary education and information focused on the prevention of medication errors, the secure use and the diminish of any risks associated to any pharmacological treatment. Medical prescriptions usually do not specify timetable of way of administration of drugs, letting nurses the responsibility of their organization. That is why they must be well informed of how and when drugs must be administrated, so we can improve the security and decrease the risks associated to them


Assuntos
Humanos , Interações Alimento-Droga , Administração Oral , Assistência Farmacêutica/tendências , Modalidades Horárias , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos
6.
Rev. calid. asist ; 23(1): 3-6, ene. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-058547

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir los resultados de una encuesta de satisfacción dirigida al personal facultativo y de enfermería como método de mejora de la calidad de los procesos, de acuerdo con la norma ISO 9001:2000. Método: Estudio transversal mediante cuestionario autoadministrado. Se calculó un tamaño muestral de 405 para enfermería y 337 para los facultativos, asumiendo un porcentaje general de satisfacción del 80%, con una precisión del 3,5% y un riesgo alfa de 0,05. Resultados: La tasa de respuesta fue del 46,4% entre el personal de enfermería y del 24,3% entre los facultativos. La satisfacción general fue favorable para el 80,3% de enfermería y para el 96,3% de los facultativos. El ítem mejor valorado por ambos grupos fue la amabilidad del farmacéutico. Lo peor valorado por enfermería fue el cumplimiento del horario pactado para dispensar los pedidos y por los facultativos, el horario de dispensación de la farmacia. Conclusiones: La satisfacción percibida por enfermería y facultativos es una de las fuentes de información útil para establecer acciones de mejora dentro de la acreditación según la norma ISO 9001:2000


Objective: To report the results of a survey directed at medical and nursing staff as a method of improving the quality of procedures, in accordance with standard ISO 9001:2000. Method: Cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. A sample size of 405 was calculated as 405, for nurses and 337 for medical staff, assuming an overall percentage of satisfaction of 80%, with a precision of 3.5% and an alpha risk of 0.05. Results: The response rate was 46.4% for nursing staff and 24.3% for medical personnel. The overall satisfaction was favourable in 80.3% of nurses and 96.3% of doctors. The best valued item by both groups was the friendliness of the pharmacist. The worst valued by nursing staff, was the compliance to the agreed opening times for dispensing orders, and for doctors, the pharmacy opening times. Conclusions: The perceived satisfaction by nursing and medical staff is one of the most useful sources of information for establi-shing improvement processes for accreditation in accordance with ISO 9001:2000


Assuntos
Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Assistência Farmacêutica , Comportamento do Consumidor/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , 24419 , Gestão da Qualidade Total/tendências
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