Reversión del síndrome metabólico por el consumo de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados / Metabolic syndrome reversion by polyunsaturated fatty acids ingestion

Fundamento y objetivo: La frecuencia del síndrome metabólico (SM) está creciendo y la dieta tiene una importante influencia en su evolución. Nuestro objetivo fue estudiar el efecto de 3 fuentes de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados sobre los parámetros del SM en humanos. Pacientes y método: Se diagnosticó SM según la Federación Internacional de Diabetes. Se asignaron cuasialeatoriamente 3 grupos de individuos (n = 15/grupo) a uno de los siguientes tratamientos durante 6 semanas: a) 1,8 g/d n-3 (1,08 g ácido eicosapentanoico + 0,72 g ácido docosahexanoico); b) 2,0 g/d conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, «ácido linoleico conjugado») (50:50, cis9:trans11, trans10:cis12), y c) 40 g/d nuez de Castilla. Los parámetros clínicos y bioquímicos se evaluaron antes y después del ensayo. Resultados: En el grupo con n-3 el nivel de triglicéridos disminuyó de 183,9 ± 35,2 mg/dl a 149,6 ± 29,0 mg/dl (p = 0,007). En el grupo con nuez de Castilla la concentración de HDL aumentó de 41,7 ± 5,2 mg/dl a 47,8 ± 5,4 mg/dl (p = 0,004) y el índice de Castelli (colesterol total/c-HDL) disminuyó de 4,86 ± 0,97 a 3,82 ± 0,81 (p = 0,004). No hubo cambios significativos en el grupo con CLA. Al final del ensayo, el 46,7% del grupo con nuez de castilla, el 46,7% del grupo con n-3 y el 20% del grupo con CLA se observaron sin SM. Conclusiones: Los grupos que consumieron ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-3 y los contenidos en la nuez de castilla en dosis diarias moderadas durante 6 semanas mejoraron el componente dislipidemia del SM, hipertrigliceridemia y nivel bajo de HDL (AU)

Background and objective: Metabolic syndrome (MS) frequency is growing and diet has an important influence on its evolution. Our objective was to study the effect of 3 sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids on MS parameters in humans. Patients and method: The MS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation. Three groups of individuals (n = 15/group) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of the following treatments during 6 weeks: a) 1.8 g/d n-3 (1.08 g eicosapentoaenoic acid + 0.72 g docosahexaenoic acid); b) 2.0 g/d conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 50:50, cis9:trans11, trans10:cis12), and c) 40 g/d walnut. The clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the essay. Results: In the group with n-3 the triglycerides level decreased from 183.9 ± 35.2 mg/dl to 149.6 ± 29.0 mg/dl (P = .007). In the group with walnut the HDL level rose from 41.7 ± 5.2 mg/dl to 47.8 ± 5.4 mg/dl (P = .004) and the Castelli index (total cholesterol/HDL) decreased from 4.86 ± 0.97 to 3.82 ± 0.81 (P = .004). There were not significant changes in the CLA group. At the end of the essay, 46.7% of walnut group patients, 46.7% of n-3 group and 20% of CLA group, had no MS. Conclusions: The groups that consumed polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 and those in walnut in moderate daily doses during 6 weeks had an improvement of the dyslipidemia component of MS, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL level (AU)

[Metabolic syndrome reversion by polyunsaturated fatty acids ingestion]. / Reversión del síndrome metabólico por el consumo de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Metabolic syndrome (MS) frequency is growing and diet has an important influence on its evolution. Our objective was to study the effect of 3 sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids on MS parameters in humans. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The MS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation. Three groups of individuals (n=15/group) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of the following treatments during 6 weeks: a) 1.8 g/d n-3 (1.08g eicosapentoaenoic acid+0.72 g docosahexaenoic acid); b) 2.0 g/d conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 50:50, cis9:trans11, trans10:cis12), and c) 40 g/d walnut. The clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the essay. RESULTS: In the group with n-3 the triglycerides level decreased from 183.9 ± 35.2mg/dl to 149.6 ± 29.0mg/dl (P=.007). In the group with walnut the HDL level rose from 41.7 ± 5.2mg/dl to 47.8 ± 5.4 mg/dl (P=.004) and the Castelli index (total cholesterol/HDL) decreased from 4.86 ± 0.97 to 3.82 ± 0.81 (P=.004). There were not significant changes in the CLA group. At the end of the essay, 46.7% of walnut group patients, 46.7% of n-3 group and 20% of CLA group, had no MS. CONCLUSIONS: The groups that consumed polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 and those in walnut in moderate daily doses during 6 weeks had an improvement of the dyslipidemia component of MS, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL level.