Echocardiographic features of non-compaction cardiomyopathy: missed and misdiagnosed disease.

Non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a rare disease, anatomically characterized by a prominent trabecular pattern and deep intertrabecular recesses. Its clinical manifestations include severe left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, systemic embolism, and sudden death. In this report, two cases of patients of different ages with non-compaction cardiomyopathy are described: a male schoolboy whose pathology was associated with mitral stenosis and regurgitation and a 50-year-old female with history of high blood pressure and cardiac failure.

[Correlation between left ventricular stroke work loss index and aortic valve area in patients with aortic stenosis]. / Correlación entre el índice de pérdida de trabajo-latido ventricular izquierdo y el área valvular aórtica en pacientes con estenosis aórtica.

UNLABELLED: In echocardiographic evaluation of patients with aortic stenosis (AS), prospective studies have demonstrated that left ventricular stoke work loss index (LVSWLI) provide a more clinical efficacy than calculate of aortic valve area (AVA) by continuity equation to estimate severity of stenosis. The aim of this study was assess in our population of patients with AS the correlation between LVSWLI and AVA in regard to severity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty nine patients with moderate and severe AS were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography. Grades of AS were assessed by transaortic flow velocity (Vmax) and mean aortic transvalvular gradient (deltaP). AVA and LVSWLI were calculated and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients between both methods were assessed. Significance level was set at <0.05. RESULTS: The age of the patients was 66 +/- 13 (31-84 years). Thirty four (69%) patients had severe AS and 15 (31%) moderate AS. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between LVSWLI and AVA was 0.79 (p<0.04) and between LVSWLI and deltaP was 0.90 (p<0.03). The Spearman's correlation coefficient between LVSWLI and symptomatic status was 0.70 (rho = 0.70, p < 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with moderate and severe AS, the correlation between LVSWLI and deltaP is higher than correlation between LVSWLI and AVA. Moreover LVSWLI has a higher correlation with presence of symptoms than AVA.

Características ecocardiográficas da cardiomiopatia não-compactada: diagnóstico perdido ou errôneo / Características ecocardiográficas de la miocardiopatía no compactada: diagnóstico perdido o erróneo / Echocardiographic features of non-compaction cardiomyopathy: missed and misdiagnosed disease

A cardiomiopatia não-compactada é uma doença rara, anatomicamente caracterizada por um padrão trabecular proeminente e recessos intra-trabeculares profundos. Suas manifestações clínicas incluem disfunção ventricular grave arritmias, embolismo sistêmico e morte súbita. Nesse estudo, dois casos de pacientes de idades diferentes com cardiomiopatia não-compactada são descritos: uma criança do sexo masculino em idade escolar, cuja patologia estava associada com estenose mitral e regurgitação e um paciente adulto do sexo feminino, com 50 anos de idade e histórico de hipertensão arterial e insuficiência cardíaca.

Non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a rare disease, anatomically characterized by a prominent trabecular pattern and deep intertrabecular recesses. Its clinical manifestations include severe left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, systemic embolism, and sudden death. In this report, two cases of patients of different ages with non-compaction cardiomyopathy are described: a male schoolboy whose pathology was associated with mitral stenosis and regurgitation and a 50-year-old female with history of high blood pressure and cardiac failure.

La miocardiopatía no compactada es una enfermedad rara, anatómicamente caracterizada por un patrón trabecular prominente y recesos intertrabeculares profundos. Sus manifestaciones clínicas incluyen disfunção ventricular gravem arritmias, embolismo sistémico y muerte súbita. En este estudio se describen dos casos de pacientes de edades diferentes con miocardiopatía no compactada: un niño de sexo masculino en edad escolar, cuya patología estaba asociada a estenosis mitral y regurgitación, y un paciente adulto del sexo femenino, con 50 años de edad e historia de hipertensión arterial e insuficiencia cardíaca.

Correlación entre el índice de pérdida de trabajo-latido ventricular izquierdo y el área valvular aórtica en pacientes con estenosis aórtica / Correlation between left ventricular stroke work loss index and aortic valve area in patients with aortic stenosis

In echocardiographic evaluation of patients with aortic stenosis (AS), prospective studies have demonstrated that left ventricular stoke work loss index (LVSWLI) provide a more clinical efficacy than calculate of aortic valve area (AVA) by continuity equation to estimate severity of stenosis. The aim of this study was assess in our population of patients with AS the correlation between LVSWLI and AVA in regard to severity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty nine patients with moderate and severe AS were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography. Grades of AS were assessed by transaortic flow velocity (Vmax) and mean aortic transvalvular gradient (deltaP). AVA and LVSWLI were calculated and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients between both methods were assessed. Significance level was set at <0.05. RESULTS: The age of the patients was 66 +/- 13 (31-84 years). Thirty four (69%) patients had severe AS and 15 (31%) moderate AS. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between LVSWLI and AVA was 0.79 (p<0.04) and between LVSWLI and deltaP was 0.90 (p<0.03). The Spearman's correlation coefficient between LVSWLI and symptomatic status was 0.70 (rho = 0.70, p < 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with moderate and severe AS, the correlation between LVSWLI and deltaP is higher than correlation between LVSWLI and AVA. Moreover LVSWLI has a higher correlation with presence of symptoms than AVA.

Clinical and echocardiographic aspects of mid-ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Three cases of patients with hypertropic cardiomyopathy, apical aneurysm, and mid-ventricular obstruction are presented. Two patients were diagnosed first by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography, which showed mid-ventricular obliteration, characteristic hourglass image, and paradoxic jet flow. One patient with suboptimal echocardiogram was necessary to perform contrast echocardiogram. Clinical picture was characterized by angina and dyspnea. Thallium myocardial imaging revealed perfusion abnormalities in apical region, ischemia or necrosis. Cardiac catheterism showed mid-ventricular obliteration and significant intraventricular gradient and coronary arteries angiography without lesions.

Hepatocellular carcinoma with invasion into right cardiac cavities: report of a case and literature review.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a tumor that rarely invades the inferior vena cava and right heart. We describe the case of a 63-year-old man with jaundice and a history of cryptogenic hepatic cirrhosis with diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. He was referred to the echocardiography laboratory for sudden dyspnea and suggestion of pulmonary thromboembolism. Echocardiographic study reported a mass in the right atrium proceeding from the inferior vena cava.