Risk Stratification in Cancer Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Comparison of Glasgow-Blatchford, Rockall and AIMS65, and Development of a New Scoring System.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Few studies have measured the accuracy of prognostic scores for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among cancer patients. Thereby, we compared the prognostic scores for predicting major outcomes in cancer patients with UGIB. Secondarily, we developed a new model to detect patients who might require hemostatic care. METHODS: A prospective research was performed in a tertiary hospital by enrolling cancer patients admitted with UGIB. Clinical and endoscopic findings were obtained through a prospective database. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to gauge the power of each score. RESULTS: From April 2015 to May 2016, 243 patients met the inclusion criteria. The AIMS65 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.85) best predicted intensive care unit admission, while the Glasgow-Blatchford score best predicted blood transfusion (AUC 0.82) and the low-risk group (AUC 0.92). All scores failed to predict hemostatic therapy and rebleeding. The new score was superior (AUC 0.74) in predicting hemostatic therapy. The AIMS65 (AUC 0.84) best predicted in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION: The scoring systems for prognostication were validated in the group of cancer patients with UGIB. A new score was developed to predict hemostatic therapy. Following this result, future prospective research should be performed to validate the new score.

EUS-guided gastroenterostomy: Initial experience in a brazilian tertiary center.

INTRODUCTION: EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) is a novel procedure for palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Our aim was to evaluate the outcomes of this technique in our initial experience. METHODS: Patients with GOO from our institute were included. Technical success was defined as the successful creation of a gastroenterostomy. Clinical success was defined as the ability to tolerate a soft diet after the procedure. We assessed adverse events and diet tolerance 1 month after the procedure. RESULTS: Three patients were included. Technical and clinical success was achieved in all cases. There were no adverse events and good diet tolerance was observed 1 month after the procedure in the included patients. CONCLUSION: EUS-GE is a promising treatment for patients with GOO.

EUS-guided gastroenterostomy: Initial experience in a brazilian tertiary center

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) is a novel procedure for palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Our aim was to evaluate the outcomes of this technique in our initial experience. METHODS: Patients with GOO from our institute were included. Technical success was defined as the successful creation of a gastroenterostomy. Clinical success was defined as the ability to tolerate a soft diet after the procedure. We assessed adverse events and diet tolerance 1 month after the procedure. RESULTS: Three patients were included. Technical and clinical success was achieved in all cases. There were no adverse events and good diet tolerance was observed 1 month after the procedure in the included patients. CONCLUSION: EUS-GE is a promising treatment for patients with GOO.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A gastroenterostomia ecoguiada é um novo procedimento para paliação da obstrução maligna gastroduodenal. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar os resultados dessa técnica em nossa experiência inicial. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos pacientes com obstrução maligna gastroduodenal de nossa instituição. O sucesso técnico foi definido como a realização adequada de uma gastroenterostomia. O sucesso clínico foi definido como boa aceitação de dieta pastosa durante a internação. Os eventos adversos e a aceitação alimentar foram avaliados um mês após o procedimento. RESULTADOS: Três pacientes foram incluídos. Os sucessos técnico e clínico foram alcançados em todos os casos. Não houve eventos adversos e a aceitação alimentar permaneceu adequada um mês após o procedimento nos pacientes incluídos. CONCLUSÃO: O EUS-GE é um tratamento promissor para pacientes com obstrução maligna gastroduodenal.

Clinical and endoscopic aspects of metastases to the gastrointestinal tract.

BACKGROUND: Studies that describe metastases to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are restricted to small case series. An increase in the frequency of this condition is expected, so it would be useful to better characterize the endoscopic aspects of metastasis to the GI tract. The aims of this study were to describe the frequency and endoscopic features of the lesions, and to analyze the survival rate after diagnosis of metastasis. METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study, conducted between 2009 and 2017. Patients with metastasis to the GI tract were included. RESULTS: 95 patients were included. Melanoma (25.3 %), lung (15.8 %), and breast (14.7 %) were the most frequent primary tumors. The most common endoscopic presentation was a solitary, ulcerated lesion in the gastric body. Conventional biopsy was diagnostic in 98.9 % of the cases. The mean and median survival rates were 13.3 months (95 % confidence interval [CI] 8.2 - 18.3) and 4.7 months (95 %CI 3.7 - 5.6), respectively. Palliative treatment with chemo- and/or radiotherapy after the diagnosis of the metastasis was related to a higher survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: Melanoma, lung, and breast cancer were the most common primary tumors to metastasize to the GI tract. The endoscopic features could not predict the primary site of the tumor. The finding of metastasis in the GI tract is related to the final stage of the cancer disease but patients who received palliative treatment with chemo- and/or radiotherapy after diagnosis of GI metastasis had higher survival rates.

Erratum: Colonic stent versus emergency surgery as treatment of malignant colonic obstruction in the palliative setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/a-0591-2883.].

Colonic stent versus emergency surgery as treatment of malignant colonic obstruction in the palliative setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Malignant colonic obstruction (MCO) due to CRC occurs in 8 % to 29 % of patients.The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs comparing colonic SEMS versus emergency surgery (ES) for MCO in palliative patients. This was the first systematic review that included only randomized controlled trials in the palliative setting. METHODS: A literature search was performed according to the PRISMA method using online databases with no restriction regarding idiom or year of publication. Data were extracted by two authors according to a predefined data extraction form. Primary outcomes were: mean survival, 30-day adverse events, 30-day mortality and length of hospital stay. Stoma formation, length of stay on intensive care unit (ICU), technical success and clinical success were recorded for secondary outcomes. Technical success (TS) was defined as successful stent placement across the stricture and its deployment. Clinical success (CS) was defined as adequate bowel decompression within 48 h of stent insertion without need for re-intervention. RESULTS: We analyzed data from four RCT studies totaling 125 patients. The 30-day mortality was 6.3 % for SEMS-treated patients and 6.4 % for ES-treated patients, with no difference between groups (RD: - 0.00, 95 % CI [-0.10, 0.10], I 2 : 0 %). Mean survival was 279 days for SEMS and 244 days for ES, with no significant difference between groups (RD: 20.14, 95 % CI: [-42.92, 83.21], I 2 : 44 %). Clinical success was 96 % in the ES group and 86.1 % in the SEMS group (RD: - 0.13, 95 % CI [-0.23, - 0.02], I 2 : 51 %). Permanent stoma rate was 84 % in the ES group and 14.3 % in the SEMS group (RR: 0.19, 95 % CI: [0.11, 0.33], I 2 : 28 %). Length of hospital stay was shorter in SEMS group (RD: - 5.16, 95 % CI: [-6.71, - 3.61], I 2 : 56 %). There was no significant difference between groups regarding adverse events (RD 0.18, 95 % CI: [-0.19, 0.54;]) neither regarding ICU stay. (RD: - 0.01, 95 % CI: [-0.08, 0.05], I 2 : 7 %). The most common stent-related complication was perforation (42.8 % of all AE). CONCLUSION: Mortality, mean survival, length of stay in the ICU and early complications of both methods were similar. SEMS may be an alternative to surgery with the advantage of early hospital discharge and lower risk of permanent stoma.

Padronização da avaliação endoscópica das fundoplicaturas e corrrelação com a sintomatologia / A standardization for endoscopic description of surgical fundoplication and correlations with symptomatology

Introdução: a endoscopia digestiva alta possui papel importante na avaliação dos pacientes submetidos à fundoplicatura, especialmente na elucidação de sintomas pós-operatórios. No entanto, é pouco padronizada e sua descrição apresenta baixa concordância entre os endoscopistas. Objetivos: padronizar a avaliação endoscópica das FPLs, identificar a frequência de anormalidades pós-operatórias e correlacionar os achados clínicos com os achados endoscópicos. Métodos: estudo prospectivo observacional, incluindo todos os pacientes submetidos à FPL, que realizaram endoscopia digestiva alta no Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz no período de setembro entre 2014 e julho de 2015. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um questionário para coleta de dados e, a seguir, foi realizada classificação endoscópica das FPLs de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros: situação da TEG na visão frontal (sob zona de pressão, acima da zona de pressão ou deslizada); situação da FPL na retrovisão (intra-abdominal parcialmente ou totalmente migrada); conformação da FPL (total, parcial, desgarrada ou torcida) e hérnia paraesofágica (presente ou ausente). Resultados: foram avaliados 100 pacientes submetidos à FPL, 51% do sexo masculino, com idade média de 55,6 anos. Quarenta e três por cento (43%) referiam algum sintoma pós-operatório (regurgitação, azia, refluxo, tosse etc) e 46% apresentaram alguma anormalidade endoscópica da cirurgia. A TEG fora da zona de pressão da válvula e fundoplicatura migrada estiveram significativamente correlacionadas com a ocorrência de sintomas pós-operatórios (p < 0,001 em ambos os casos). Não houve correlação entre sintomatologia e a confirmação da fundoplicatura (se total, parcial ou desgarrada; p=0,19). Conclusão: a avaliação e a classificação endoscópica da fundoplicatura são reprodutíveis e parecem ser um bom preditor da ocorrência de sintomas. TEG acima da zona de pressão da válvula e fundoplicatura migrada estiveram correlacionadas com a recidiva dos sintomas.

Introduction: upper gastrointestinal endoscopy plays an important role in the evaluation of patients submitted to fundoplication, especially in the elucidation of postoperative symptoms. However, it is not well standardized and its description presents low agreement among the endoscopists. Objectives: to standardize endoscopic evaluation of FPLs, identify the frequency of postoperative abnormalities and correlate clinical findings with endoscopic findings. Methods: this was a prospective observational study, including all patients undergoing FPL, who underwent upper digestive endoscopy at the Alemão Oswaldo Cruz Hospital from September 2014 to July 2015. Patients were submitted to a questionnaire and then, Endoscopic classification of FPLs was performed according to the following parameters: TEG situation in frontal view (under pressure zone, above pressure zone or slipped fundoplication); FPL status in retrovision (intra-abdominal partially or totally migrated); Conformation of the FPL (total, partial, disrupted or twisted) and paraesophageal hernia (presentor absent). Results: we evaluated 100 patients submitted to FPL, 51% male, mean age of 55.6 years. Forty-three percent reported some postoperative symptoms (regurgitation, heartburn, reflux, cough, etc.) and 46% had some endoscopic surgery abnormality. TEG outside the pressure zone, and migrated fundoplication, were significantly correlated with the occurrence of postoperative symptoms (p <0.001 in both cases). There was no correlation between symptomatology and fundoplication conformation (if total, partial or twited, p= 0.19). Conclusion: the evaluation and endoscopic classification of fundoplication is reproductible and seems to be a good predictor of the occurrence of symptoms. TEG above the pressure zone and migrated fundoplication were correlated with relapse of the symptoms.

Linfoma folicular do duodeno / Follicular lymphoma of the duodenum

Introdução: o linfoma folicular intestinal primário é uma doença rara, representando apenas 1% - 3,6% dos linfomas gastrointestinais não-Hodgkin. Os linfomas intestinais mais comuns são o linfoma difuso de grandes células B e o linfoma MALT. O duodeno é o local mais frequentemente afetado e o aspecto endoscópico característico são os pequenos nódulos polipoides esbranquiçados, medindo de 1-5 mm de diâmetro, por vezes coalescentes. O linfoma folicular é uma neoplasia dos linfócitos B, predominantemente nodal, e muitas vezes diagnosticada em estágios avançados. Porém, a variante extranodal desta doença (linfoma folicular intestinal primário) é bastante incomum, e com evolução indolente, raramente progredindo para estágios avançados. No entanto, o número de pacientes diagnosticados com linfoma folicular intestinal vem crescendo graças ao aumento da familiaridade dos endoscopistas e gastroenterologistas com esta entidade.

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection: an unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding / Hiperinfecção por Strongyloides stercoralis: uma causa incomum de hemorragia digestiva

SummaryStrongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease that may progress to a disseminated form, called hyperinfection syndrome, in patients with immunosuppression. The hyperinfection syndrome is caused by the wide multiplication and migration of infective larvae, with characteristic gastrointestinal and/or pulmonary involvement. This disease may pose a diagnostic challenge, as it presents with nonspecific findings on endoscopy.

ResumoHiperinfecção por Strongyloides stercoralis: uma causa incomum de hemorragia digestiva A estrongiloidíase é uma parasitose que pode evoluir para uma forma disseminada, denominada síndrome de hiperinfecção, nos pacientes em estados de imunossupressão. A síndrome de hiperinfecção é ocasionada pela grande multiplicação e migração de larvas infectantes, com envolvimento gastrointestinal e/ou pulmonar característico. Essa doença pode representar um desafio diagnóstico, pois apresenta- se em achados inespecíficos à endoscopia.

Próteses metálicas na obstrução colorretal maligna / Metalic stents for malignant colorectal obstrution

As próteses metálicas autoexpansíveis (PMAE) têm sido cada vez mais utilizadas na obstrução colorretal maligna, tanto como medida paliativa na doença avançada, quanto como uma ponte para cirurgia curativa na emergência obstrutiva. Embora ainda existam algumas questões em aberto quanto ao uso das PMAE como uma ponte para cirurgia, seu uso em pacientes com doença irressecável tem sido amplamente aceito. Vantagens dos stents colorretais incluem o alívio imediato da obstrução, evitar a criação de colostomia, menor morbidade e menor estadia hospitalar. Esta revisão discutirá os aspectos técnicos, indicações, desfechos clínicos e complicações das PMAE colorretais.

Self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs) has been increasingly used for the palliation of metastatic colorectal cancer and as a bridge to surgery for obstructing neoplasms. Although there remain a few concerns regarding the use of stents as a bridge to surgical resection, use of SEMSs for palliation in patients with unresectable disease has been widely accepted. Advantages of colorectal stents include prompt restoration of luminal patency, avoidance of stoma creation, lower morbidity and shorter hospital stay. This review will discuss the technical aspects, general indications, clinical outcomes and complications of colorectal stents.

Endoscopic management and prevention of migrated esophageal stents.

The use of self-expandable metallic stents has increased recently to palliate inoperable esophageal neoplasia and also in the management of benign strictures. Migration is one of the most common complications after stent placement and the endoscopist should be able to recognize and manage this situation. Several techniques for managing migrated stents have been described, as well as new techniques for preventing stent migration. Most stents have a "lasso" at the upper flange which facilitates stent repositioning or removal. An overtube, endoloop and large polypectomy snare may be useful for the retrieval of stents migrated into the stomach. External fixation of the stent with Shim's technique is efficient in preventing stent migration. Suturing the stent to the esophageal wall, new stent designs with larger flanges and double-layered stents are promising techniques to prevent stent migration but they warrant validation in a larger cohort of patients.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection versus transanal endoscopic microsurgery for the treatment of early rectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) are minimally invasive procedures that can be used to treat early rectal cancer. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare clinical efficacy between ESD and TEM for the treatment of early rectal cancer. METHODS: Between July 2008 and August 2011, 24 patients with early rectal cancers were treated by ESD (11) or TEM (13) at the Cancer Institute of São Paulo University Medical School (São Paulo, Brazil). Data were analyzed retrospectively according to database and pathological reports, with respect to en bloc resection rate, local recurrence, complications, histological diagnosis, procedure time and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: En bloc resection rates with free margins were achieved in 81.8 % of patients in the ESD group and 84.6 % of patients in the TEM group (p = 0.40). Mean tumor size was 64.6 ± 57.9 mm in the ESD group and 43.9 ± 30.7 mm in the TEM group (p = 0.13). Two patients in the TEM group and one patient in the ESD group had a local recurrence. The mean procedure time was 133 ± 94.8 min in the ESD group and 150 ± 66.3 min in the TEM group (p = 0.69). Mean hospital stay was 3.8 ± 3.3 days in the ESD group and 4.08 ± 1.7 days in the TEM group (p = 0.81). LIMITATIONS: This was a non-randomized clinical trial with a small sample size and selection bias in treatment options. CONCLUSION: ESD and TEM are both safe and effective for the treatment of early rectal cancer.

Improvement of insulin resistance and reduction of cardiovascular risk among obese patients with type 2 diabetes with the duodenojejunal bypass liner.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the duodenojejunal bypass liner (DJBL) in the improvement of insulin resistance and reduction of cardiovascular risk among morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, using the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio, percentage of weight loss, and glycemic control. METHODS: We used the TG/HDL ratio with a cutoff value of 3.5 to identify patients with insulin resistance. The value of the initial ratio was compared with the ratio obtained 6 months after implantation to evaluate whether an improvement in insulin resistance occurred. We also evaluated the improvement of glycated hemoglobin levels and the weight loss resulted from the use of the device and correlated that with the improvement of the TG/HDL ratio. RESULTS: All patients implanted with the device presented a statistically significant reduction of the HbA1c levels, with most patients (70.3%) obtaining diabetes control with HbA1c levels lower than 7% at the end of the study. All patients also presented a significant weight reduction, with an average loss of 12.6% of their initial weight. We observed an important improvement in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, with a significant reduction of the TG/HDL ratio from 5.75 to 4.36 (p < 0.001) and 42.6% of the patients presenting a TG/HDL ratio lower than 3.5 at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS: The DJBL, when used for a period of 6 months, is effective in the control of diabetes, weight loss, improvement of insulin resistance, and decrease of cardiovascular risk among morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Achado incidental de agenesia do lobo hepático esquerdo em paciente com colecistite aguda / Incidental finding of agenesis of the left hepatic lobe in a patient with acute cholecystitis

INTRODUÇÃO: Anomalias da morfologia hepática são entidades raras causadas por desenvolvimento embriológico anormal do fígado. Podem ser classificadas como anomalias devido a desenvolvimento defeituoso do fígado (agenesia, aplasia e hipoplasia) ou devido ao desenvolvimento excessivo (lobos acessórios). RELATO DO CASO: Paciente de 48 anos, do sexo feminino, obesa (IMC=40), que procurou o serviço de emergência com quadro de colecistite aguda. A paciente foi submetida a colecistectomia videolaparoscópica e durante o procedimento cirúrgico foi verificada a agenesia do lobo hepático esquerdo. A vesícula biliar estava em sua topografia habitual e não havia parênquima hepático à esquerda do ligamento falciforme. A colecistectomia foi realizada sem intercorrências e uma banda gástrica foi colocada para o tratamento da obesidade mórbida. Ela recebeu alta após 60 horas.

INTRODUCTION: Anomalies of hepatic morphology are rare entities caused by abnormal embryological development of the liver. They can be classified as anomalies due to defective development (agenesis, aplasia or hypoplasia) or anomalies due to excessive development of the liver (accessory lobes). CASE REPORT: A 48 years old obese female looked for emergency assistance with acute cholecystitis. An incidental finding of left hepatic lobe agenesis was observed when the patient was submitted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There was no hepatic parenchyma to the left of falciform ligament and gallbladder was settled on its normal position. Cholecystectomy was performed uneventfully and an adjustable gastric band was placed for the treatment of the morbid obesity. The patient was discharged after 60 hours.

Resultados da esplenectomia no tratamento do câncer gástrico avançado / Results of esplenectomy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer

RACIONAL: A esplenectomia no tratamento do câncer gástrico avançado é advogada com o intuito de se realizar toalete linfonodal adequada, porém, seu benefício tem sido questionado ultimamente por estudos que a relacionam com aumento da morbimortalidade. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados da associação da gastrectomia total D2 e esplenectomia correlacionando-os com a média dos resultados dos atendimentos sem ela. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva de planilha prospectiva de pacientes com adenocarcinoma gástrico avançado submetidos à gastrectomia total com linfadenectomia a D2 e esplenectomia entre 1985 e 2005 no Serviço de Cirurgia do Estômago do HCFMUSP. RESULTADOS: Ao todo, 109 pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia total com linfadenectomia D2 foram inclusos no estudo nos quais foi realizada a esplenectomia associadamente. Destes, foi realizada ressecção concomitante de outros órgãos, em 43 pacientes (41 pancreatectomias, 5 colectomias segmentares e 3 hepatectomias). Em 39% dos casos foram observadas complicações pós-operatórias, incidência significativamente maior do que a média global do Serviço (24%). Em 10 (9,1%) pacientes foi verificada a ocorrência de abscessos intra-abdominais. Dez pacientes foram a óbito (9,1%), todos devido a complicações sépticas superiores à média global do Serviço de 3,7%. Foram observadas metástases para as cadeias 10 e 11d em 13 (11,9%) pacientes, sendo a ocorrência maior nos tumores do terço superior (19,5%) e nos tumores T4 (20%). CONCLUSÃO: A esplenectomia no tratamento do câncer gástrico está relacionada a aumento da morbimortalidade, devendo ser reservada para pacientes com tumores avançados localizados nas porções proximais do estômago.

BACKGROUND: Splenectomy in the treatment of gastric cancer is employed to achieve an adequate lymph nodal resection; however, its benefits has been questioned by studies relating it with a higher mortality and morbidity. AIM: To evaluate the results associated with total D2 gastrectomy and splenectomy, correlating these with the average results obtained from patients without this procedure. METHODS: Retrospective analysis from a prospective database of the patients with gastric adenocarcinoma submitted to total gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectopmy plus splenectomy between 1985 and 2005 in the Gastrointestinal Surgery Division of the Medical School of São Paulo University. RESULTS: A total of 109 patients were enrolled in this study. Resection of other organs was performed in 43 patients (41 pancreatectomies, 5 transverse colectomies and 3 hepatectomies). The incidence of post-operative complications was 39%, higher than the expected from our overall morbidity (24%). Intra cavitary abscesses were found on 10 patients (9.1%). Ten patients died (9.1%), all due to septic complications significantly different of the overall mortality of 3.7%, registered in our Division. Metastasis to station 10 and 11d were observed on 13 patients (11.9%), with higher risk related to T4 lesions (20%) and tumors of the upper third (19.5%). CONCLUSION: Splenectomy in the treatment of gastric cancer is related to a higher morbidity and mortality rates, and should be reserved to advanced tumors in the upper part of the stomach.

GIST e adenocarcinoma gástrico sincrônicos: relato de caso e revisão da literatura / Synchronous gastric GIST and adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review

INTRODUÇÃO: Tumores estromais gastrointestinais (GISTs) são neoplasias mesenquimais incomuns que afetam o trato gastrointestinal. Existem poucos relatos na literatura da ocorrência sincrônica de tumores mesenquimais e outros tumores primários gastrointestinais. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente de 61 anos do sexo feminino que procurou o serviço com queixa de dor abdominal iniciada há 2 anos. No exame físico palpava-se uma massa de 10 cm no abdome superior. A tomografia evidenciou massa em contato com a grande curvatura gástrica sem linfonodomegalias. Na endoscopia foi identificada apenas na pequena curvatura lesão na mucosa com 2 cm cuja biópsia demonstrou tratar-se de adenocarcinoma. Foi realizado ultra-som endoscópico que demonstrou que a lesão na pequena curvatura estava restrita à camada muscular e também visualizou-se lesão na grande curvatura originária da 4º camada ultra-sonográfica gástrica (muscular). Com esse diagnóstico e estadiamento a paciente foi submetida à gastrectomia total com linfadenectomia D2 e anastomose esôfago-jejunal em Y-de-Roux. O exame anatomopatológico demonstrou que a lesão na pequena curvatura correspondia a um adenocarcinoma microtubular restrito a camada muscular e a lesão na grande curvatura um GIST de alto grau. O estadiamento TNM final foi T2N1M0. A paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências recebendo alta no 11º pós-operatório CONCLUSÃO: A ocorrência sincrônica de GISTs e outros tumores gastrointestinais têm ocorrido com mais freqüência do que antes se considerava. Embora este fato pareça ser apenas uma coincidência sua ocorrência pode envolver agentes carcinogênicos comuns.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm affecting the GI tract. The synchronous occurrence of mesenchymal tumors and other primary gastrointestinal malignancies have been rarely reported in the literature. CASE REPORT: A 61 year-old female patient came to our department complaining of diffuse abdominal pain, which had begun 2 years ago. At physical examination a mass with approximately 10 cm, located in the upper abdomen, was palpable. A CT scan demonstrated a mass in contact with the greater gastric curvature without lymphnodal enlargement. At endoscopy, no lesions were seen in the greater curvature, but a 2,0 cm mucosal lesion was visualized in the upper portion of the lesser curvature. The biopsy of the lesion in the lesser curvature was positive for adenocarcinoma. An endoscopic ultrasound was performed and demonstrated that the lesion in the lesser curvature was restricted to the gastric muscular layer and the mass in the greater curvature was originated from the gastric fourth ultrasonographic layer (muscular). The patient was submitted to a total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and a Y of Roux esophago-jejunal anastomosis. The pathological exam demonstrated that the lesion in the lesser curvature was a microtubular adenocarcinoma restricted to the muscular layer. The lesion in the greater curvature was a high grade GIST. The final TNM stage was T2N1M0. The patient recovery was uneventful being discharged from the hospital after 11 days. CONCLUSION: The synchronous occurrence of GISTs and other gastrointestinal malignanies is more common than has been considered. Although the synchronous occurrence of GIST and other abdominal malignancies seems to be just a coincidence, the development of these tumors may involve common carcinogenic agents.