Computational Verification of the NBR 15220-3 Recommendations for Thermal Comfort in the City of Curitiba

Abstract The Brazilian Standard for Thermal Performance and Bioclimatic Zoning (NBR 15.220-3) establishes twelve strategies to achieve thermal comfort inside buildings considering the dry bulb temperature and the predominant humidity in each climate. These strategies are visualized in the Bioclimatic Charts of Brazil main cities. This study seeks, through computational simulation by the EnergyPlus software, to test the bioclimatic strategy proposed by the Standard for the city of Curitiba through the addition of thermal mass. The goal is to check the validity of the temperature limits related to the constructive guidelines described. The article is restricted to the analysis of Bioclimatic Zone 01 in which Curitiba is inserted. To this end, the unit of analysis was a standard apartment located in the city. It was used as a model for simulations with constructive materials of different thicknesses and thermal properties. The indexes of the materials correspond to those described in the Standard. From the comparison of results of the buildings internal temperature regarding the external temperature data, the applicability of the Thermal Mass Addition strategy was verified in the gap between 14 to 21 degrees Celsius of Dry Bulb Temperature. In conclusion, the limits stipulated in Standard for this Area were only partially confirmed.

Estimativa de adesão ao medicamento antirretroviral coformulado 3 em 1 / Estimation of adhesion to antiretroviral coformulated 3 in 1

INTRODUÇÃO: Com o propósito de estimular a adesão aos antirretrovirais e minimizar os riscos de resistência a estes medicamentos, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) passou a disponibilizar o medicamento 3 em 1, uma coformulação de tenofovir (300 mg), lamivudina (300 mg) e efavirenz (600 mg), o qual inova com uso de um único comprimido diário. OBJETIVO: Estimar a adesão aos medicamentos antirretrovirais da primeira linha de tratamento contra o HIV. MÉTODOS: Verificação da frequência dos retornos mensais de pacientes a um dispensário dos medicamentos antirretrovirais fornecidos pelo MS. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes em tratamento com o medicamento 3 em 1 foram mais assíduos e retornaram com frequência 65% maior ao dispensário. CONCLUSÃO: Com a introdução do 3 em 1 confirma-se que a simplificação de esquemas terapêuticos é uma medida que facilita a adesão ao tratamento. Isso gera a expectativa de manter por mais tempo os indivíduos em uso da primeira linha de tratamento, retardando a necessidade de recorrer a outras linhas terapêuticas mais onerosas, com maior número de medicamentos e riscos associados.

INTRODUCTION: In order to stimulate adherence to antiretrovirals and minimize the risks of viral mutations and resistance to these drugs, the Ministry of Health (MS) started providing the 3-in-1 drug, a co-formulation of tenofovir (300 mg), lamivudine (300 mg) and efavirenz (600 mg), which innovates by the use of a single daily tablet. OBJECTIVE: Estimating the adherence to antiretroviral drugs in the first line of HIV treatment. METHODS: Verification of the frequency of monthly patient returns to a dispensary of antiretroviral drugs provided by MS. RESULTS: Patients treated with the 3-in-1 medication were more assiduous and returned 65% higher at the dispensary. CONCLUSION: The introduction of 3-in-1 confirms that the simplification of therapeutic schemes is a measure that facilitates adherence to treatment. This generates the expectation of keeping individuals in the first line of treatment longer, delaying the need to resort to other more expensive therapeutic lines, with a higher number of drugs and associated risks.