[The optimization of surgical treatment of skin and soft tissues defects].

75 soft tissue reconstructive surgical procedures in patients with burn deformation, traumatic soft tissue defects and soft tissue defects after major tumor resections were analyzed. 24 reconstructions were performed with the use of local flap method, mostly triangular and trapezium flaps. 39 reconstructions involved island and free vascular flaps. The survival of the flaps was obtained in 98,6% of cases.

[Reconstructive operations for post-burn face and neck cicatricial deformities].

31 patients with post-burn face and neck cicatricial deformities were operated on during the period of 2005-2007. Triangle and trapeziform skin-fascial flap plasty was performed in 24 patients, 7 patients were treated using vascularized tissue flap transplantation. The choice of the method was based on the author's classification of post-burn skin defects. Flap engraftment was observed in 96,8% patients.

Superiority of Nd:YAG laser to cryosurgery in the treatment of rectal carcinoma.

Laser coagulation (LC) by Nd:YAG laser and cryodestruction (CD) by insulated cryoprobe were done in 52 patients with carcinoma of the rectum (LC = 27, CD = 25). The patients were divided into four groups: group I, inoperable rectal carcinoma because of advanced stage of malignancy, severe concomitant disease, old age (LC = 14, CD = 12); group II, patient refused permanent colostomy (LC = 4, CD = 3); group III, polypoid lesion fulfilled the criteria of local excision (LC = 3, CD = 2); group IV, local recurrence after anterior resection (LC = 6, DC = 8). The mean hospital stay was 8.11 +/- 5.6 days for LC and 12.8 +/- 8.7 days for CD (p less than 0.05). For LC minimal or no sedation was needed, but for CD general anesthesia (n = 3) was occasionally necessary. Significant improvement was achieved in 85.18% (n = 23) of cases with LC and 56% (n = 14) of cases with CD (p less than 0.05). Complications after LC were mild (n = 7) to moderate (n = 3) and after CD they were moderate (n = 11) to severe (n = 2). Almost every patient with CD complained of moderate to severe discharge of malodorous necrotic tissue for a period of 2 weeks or more. In groups I, II, and IV patients with LC enjoyed a longer (81.08 +/- 47.48 days) trouble-free period than those with CD (43.3 +/- 13.45 days) (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Transplantation of vascularized tissue flaps in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis]. / Transplantatsiia vaskuliarizirovannykh tkanevykh loskutov v lechenii khronicheskogo osteomielita.

Experience in transplantation of vascularized tissue grafts in 38 patients with chronic osteomyelitis showed the method to be highly effective and to possess some essential advantages over the other methods for surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Some types of skin and musculocutaneous grafts were used in cases with affection of the leg and foot bones with defects in the skin and soft tissues and "osteomyelitic ulcers". A vascularized graft of the greater omentum was used in the management of large osteomyelitic cavities in the tubular bones. The grafts took in 92.1% of patients.

[Elimination of multidrug resistance in E. coli in calves in vivo with rimactan]. / Eliminirane mngolekarstvenata rezistentnost na E., coli pri teleta in vivo s rimaktin.

An experiment was carried out for eliminating the multimedicinal resistance markers of E. coli, populating the intestinal tract of calves, in vivo with rimactan introduced per os, and rationed 10 mg/kg of live weight, once during a period of 8 days. The highest percentage and the longest elimination were observed for the neomycin, the novobiocin and the chlornitromycin resistance markers. The elimination was weaker for the erythromycin, the streptomycin and the kanamycin markers and the weakest was for the penicillin and tetracycline markers. There appeared a difference in the elimination of the resistance markers with the different calves, especially for the markers with a low degree of elimination, depending on the individual peculiarities of the calves. Riphamycin proved to be an eliminating means for the resistance markers of E coli in vivo of calves suffering from enteritis. Alongside with the elimination of the resistance markers, due to the treatment of calves with rimactan, an almost complete recovery was achieved. Rimactan is a reliable means for fighting enteric illnesses with calves, caused by enteropathogenic E. coli.

[Attempt at eliminating the multiple drug resistance of E. coli in pigs with enteritis using Rimactin]. / Opit za elimnirane s rimaktin mnogolekarstvenata ustoichivost na E. coli pri praseta s enterit.

The eliminating effect of rimactan was studied in vivo on resistance markers of E. coli, isolated from 18 new-born pigs with a clinic of enteritis. Rimactan is given per os in 15 mg/kg, liver weight, once a day in the course of 6 days. The sensitivity of the strains eliminated was checked in vitro in respect of 16 medicinal preparations (Pe, Sm, Km, Neo, Chl, Novo, Te, Er, Ty, Sp, Le, Am, Ox, Oxte, Ge-penicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, neomycin, chlornitromycin, novobiocin, tetracycline, erythromycin, tylan, spectam, lentamycin, ampicillin, oxacillin, oxytetracycline, gentamicin and borgal). To 11 of them E. coli were resistant. After a treatment with rimactan an elimination of resistance markers was observed right on the first day, namely, with regard to Sm, Chl, Novo, Te, Er, Sp, Oxte. On the second day was eliminated the Pe-marker, on the third--the Ty-marker, and it was not until on the fifth day that Am and Ox-markers were eliminated. The elimination frequency was the highest between the third and the fifth days. The experiments studied also the sensitivity of the investigated coli strains with regard to different rimactan concentrations (2-256 mg/cm3) in vitro. It was most pronounced for a concentration of 16-32 mg/cm3. It was proved that rimactan can be used as a preparation for eliminating resistance markers (R-factors) of E. coli in pigs suffering from enteritis.

[Experimental immunologic study of a protective anthrax preparation]. / Eksperimental'noe immunologicheskoe izuchenie protektivnogo sibireiazvennogo preparata.

Rabbits and sheep immunized with protective anthrax preparation and live anthrax vaccines were examined. Protective anthrax preparation caused changes characteristic of general immunomorphology and immunomorphological reaction of the humoral type. A marked resistance in infection with the virulent anthrax culture was revealed in the animals immunized with this preparation and in those--with live vaccines. Skin allergic reactions were more intensive in sheep immunized with live Ikhtiman's vaccine; there was no reaction in the animals immunized with the protective preparation.

[Transfer of multi-drug resistance in vivo by salmonellae and shigella in white mice]. / Predavane na mnogolekarstvena ustoichivost in vivo na beli mishki ot salmoneli i shigeli.

The oral infection accomplished by 0.3 cm3 X 10(10) microbial bodies of Salmonella heidelberg and Shigella sonnei in albino mice the pathogens were found to localize in the intestines. The Salmonellae were detected up to the 10th day, and the Shigellae--up to the 14th day. Both Shigella and Salmonella transferred multi-drug resistance to some enterobacteria--E. coli and Proteus as well as to Salmonella typhimurium when the latter was also present in the intestinal tract; of these some 10--40 per cent acquire the multi-drug resistance of Salmonella heidelberg and Shigella sonnei. This type of resistance was most often transferred en bloc for the six, resp., eight markers. On some occasions segregation was observed with the transference of particular markers only.

[Histoimmunofluorescent demonstration of Br. suis in necropsy material]. / Khistoimunofluorestsentno dokazvane na Br. suis v nekropsichen material

Use was made of the direct immunofluorescence method for the demonstration of Brucella suis bacteria in paraffin and frozen histosections following the respective handling. The method was tested on necropsy material from experimentally infected test animals and spontaneously infected swine embryos. Compared with the cultural and serologic methods the histoimmunofluorescence one showed far better diagnostic possibilities. The use of the histoimmunofluorescence method is suggested along with the remaining routinely employed techniques in the laboratory practice. It will raise the effectiveness of the investigations for the demonstration of Brucella suis bacteria.

[Use of protective anthrax antigen in agglutination reactions]. / Primenenie protektivnogo sibireiazvennogo antigena v aggliutinatsionnykh reaktsiiakh

The latex- and hemagglutination tests were applied to determination of the titres of anthrax antibodies in the sera of 982 immunized sheep. Monodispersive standard colur latex of polymethylmetacrylate and protective anthrax antigen was used in these tests. On the basis of the results of titration of control sera titres of anthrax antibodies over 1:16 in the latex- and hemagglutination tests were accepted as positive. There was revealed no difference between the sera of the immunized animals reacting positively in both tests (d = 1.87 less than delta = 2.94 at P = 0.95). The difference between the positive titres determined in the latex-agglutination (55.78%) and hemagglutination (44.41%) tests was significant (d = 11.37 less than delta = 4.39 at P = 0.95). Consequently, both tests could be used for the purpose of determination of anthrax antibody titres, but the latex-agglutination test was more sensitive of the two.