RESUMO
Objective To identify facilitators and barriers to the process of translating community empowerment strategies into the practice of the national Aedes aegypti control program in Cuba. Methods A case study of the process was conducted from 2005 to 2009 at national and provincial levels of the control program. Data from participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis were triangulated and analyzed inductively and deductively. Results The main facilitators identified included a proposal for an empowerment strategy effective in reducing Aedes aegypti infestation, which was explained in such a way that it could be implemented by program staff; and a control program with national coverage capable of implementing the proposal. The principal barriers were the complexity of the strategy and the absence of organizational changes needed to facilitate its insertion into the control program. Each barrier or facilitator identified was either static or dynamic in nature. Dynamic factors are those that offer signals for action. Conclusions Multiple barriers and facilitators influence the process of translating community empowerment strategies into the practice of the Cuban Aedes aegypti control program. The analysis of these factors as either static or dynamic makes it possible to design more appropriate and effective strategies that can promote the process and increase the likelihood of success.
Assuntos
Aedes , Dengue/prevenção & controle , Controle de Mosquitos , Poder Psicológico , Animais , Cuba , Humanos , Insetos Vetores , Inovação OrganizacionalRESUMO
Objetivo. Identificar facilitadores y barreras del proceso de traslación de estrategias de empoderamiento comunitario a la práctica del programa nacional de control de Aedes aegypti en Cuba. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio de caso del proceso en el período 2005–2009 en los niveles nacional y provincial del programa de control. Se triangularon datos procedentes de la observación participante, la entrevista en profundidad y el análisis de documentos, que se analizaron inductiva y deductivamente. Resultados. Entre los facilitadores destacan la existencia, por un lado, de una propuesta de estrategia de empoderamiento efectiva en la reducción de la infestación por Aedes aegypti, que estaba descrita de manera que pudiera ser implementada por el personal del programa y, por otro lado, de un programa de control con cobertura nacional dispuesto a ponerla en práctica. Las principales barreras fueron la complejidad propia de la estrategia y la ausencia de cambios organizacionales que facilitaran su inserción dentro del programa. Tanto las barreras como los facilitadores fueron de naturaleza estática o dinámica. Los factores dinámicos son aquellos que ofrecen señales para la acción. Conclusiones. Son múltiples las barreras y facilitadores del proceso de traslación a la práctica de las estrategias de empoderamiento comunitario en el programa nacional de control de Aedes aegypti en Cuba. Su análisis como factores de naturaleza estática y dinámica permitiría diseñar estrategias más adecuadas y eficaces para impulsar el proceso e incrementaría sus probabilidades de éxito.
Objective. To identify facilitators and barriers to the process of translating community empowerment strategies into the practice of the national Aedes aegypti control program in Cuba. Methods. A case study of the process was conducted from 2005 to 2009 at national and provincial levels of the control program. Data from participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis were triangulated and analyzed inductively and deductively. Results. The main facilitators identified included a proposal for an empowerment strategy effective in reducing Aedes aegypti infestation, which was explained in such a way that it could be implemented by program staff; and a control program with national coverage capable of implementing the proposal. The principal barriers were the complexity of the strategy and the absence of organizational changes needed to facilitate its insertion into the control program. Each barrier or facilitator identified was either static or dynamic in nature. Dynamic factors are those that offer signals for action. Conclusions. Multiple barriers and facilitators influence the process of translating community empowerment strategies into the practice of the Cuban Aedes aegypti control program. The analysis of these factors as either static or dynamic makes it possible to design more appropriate and effective strategies that can promote the process and increase the likelihood of success.
Assuntos
Participação da Comunidade , Dengue , Aedes , Cuba , Participação da Comunidade , AedesRESUMO
RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar facilitadores y barreras del proceso de traslación de estrategias de empoderamiento comunitario a la práctica del programa nacional de control de Aedes aegypti en Cuba. Métodos Se realizó un estudio de caso del proceso en el período 2005–2009 en los niveles nacional y provincial del programa de control. Se triangularon datos procedentes de la observación participante, la entrevista en profundidad y el análisis de documentos, que se analizaron inductiva y deductivamente. Resultados Entre los facilitadores destacan la existencia, por un lado, de una propuesta de estrategia de empoderamiento efectiva en la reducción de la infestación por Aedes aegypti, que estaba descrita de manera que pudiera ser implementada por el personal del programa y, por otro lado, de un programa de control con cobertura nacional dispuesto a ponerla en práctica. Las principales barreras fueron la complejidad propia de la estrategia y la ausencia de cambios organizacionales que facilitaran su inserción dentro del programa. Tanto las barreras como los facilitadores fueron de naturaleza estática o dinámica. Los factores dinámicos son aquellos que ofrecen señales para la acción. Conclusiones Son múltiples las barreras y facilitadores del proceso de traslación a la práctica de las estrategias de empoderamiento comunitario en el programa nacional de control de Aedes aegypti en Cuba. Su análisis como factores de naturaleza estática y dinámica permitiría diseñar estrategias más adecuadas y eficaces para impulsar el proceso e incrementaría sus probabilidades de éxito.
ABSTRACT Objective To identify facilitators and barriers to the process of translating community empowerment strategies into the practice of the national Aedes aegypti control program in Cuba. Methods A case study of the process was conducted from 2005 to 2009 at national and provincial levels of the control program. Data from participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis were triangulated and analyzed inductively and deductively. Results The main facilitators identified included a proposal for an empowerment strategy effective in reducing Aedes aegypti infestation, which was explained in such a way that it could be implemented by program staff; and a control program with national coverage capable of implementing the proposal. The principal barriers were the complexity of the strategy and the absence of organizational changes needed to facilitate its insertion into the control program. Each barrier or facilitator identified was either static or dynamic in nature. Dynamic factors are those that offer signals for action. Conclusions Multiple barriers and facilitators influence the process of translating community empowerment strategies into the practice of the Cuban Aedes aegypti control program. The analysis of these factors as either static or dynamic makes it possible to design more appropriate and effective strategies that can promote the process and increase the likelihood of success.
