Systematic review of existing literature regarding the prevalence of pediatric atopic dermatitis in Honduras.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition, often multifactorial in origin, and most commonly manifests during childhood. Although there remains a deficit in literature, current data suggest Honduras may have the highest prevalence and severity of AD among all Latin American countries. Objective: To assess the current prevalence of pediatric AD in Honduras and evaluate existing gaps in available literature to monitor disease burden. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in March 2023. Articles were removed if they were published before 2007, were of the incorrect study design, or were focused on countries outside of Honduras. The articles were independently reviewed by 2 authors. Results: The initial literature search yielded 174 studies, of which 7 met inclusion criteria. AD prevalence rates in children in Honduras ranged from 0.7% to 40.0%. Limitations: Limitations include elements of study design, analytic methods, study populations, and limited articles. Conclusion: There appears to be a disproportionately higher prevalence and disease burden of pediatric AD in Honduras. Future research should acquire accurate data to further understand the prevalence, incidence, and severity of AD in Honduras.

Axial-Radial-Ulnar Carpal Dislocation with Divergent Intermetacarpal Dislocations, Peritrapezoid and Scaphotrapezial Dislocations: A Case Report.

We report a patient with a severe axial-radial-ulnar (ARU) fracture dislocation of the carpus, involving multiple intermetacarpal dislocations as well as divergent carpometacarpal dislocations involving the index, long, ring and small fingers and peritrapezoid and scaphotrapezial dislocations. She also had a degloving injury involving the dorsal hand. Emergent debridement followed by open reduction and internal fixation of all injuries was performed, followed by soft tissue management. At 6-year follow-up, the patient had adequate active range of motion with the ability to make a full fist and was able to use her wrist and hand for most activities of daily living. Disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score was 47.5. Michigan hand outcomes questionnaire (MHQ) score was 66.8. Mayo wrist score was 65. Patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) score was 42. Severe ARU fracture dislocations of the carpus can result in adequate functional recovery on long-term follow-up. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic).

A Single Source, Scalable Route for Direct Isolation of Earth-Abundant Nanometal Carbide Water-Splitting Electrocatalysts.

Single-phase MxCs (M = Fe, Co, and Ni) were prepared by solvothermal conversion of Prussian blue single source precursors. The single source precursor is prepared in water, and the conversion process is carried out in alkylamines at reaction temperatures above 200 °C. The reaction is scalable using a commercial source of Fe-PB. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction confirm that carbides have thin oxide termination but lack graphitic surfaces. Electrocatalytic activity reveals that Fe3C and Co2C are oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts, while Ni3C is a bifunctional [OER and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)] electrocatalyst.