RESUMO
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and immunological profile of patients infected with HIV after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and immunological patients were recorded. Chi square test and Mann-Whitney were used to compare variables. The multivariate regression model identified risk factors. So that, 936 (56.2%) patients were in stages III and IV of the WHO and 65.2% at an advanced stage of the disease. Factors associated with initiation at an advanced stage, were male sex (p = 0.007) and time to diagnosis (p = 0.005). In 2/3 cases, treatment is started at an advanced stage of disease. It is therefore important to intensify awareness campaigns for early detection and encourage patients to ensure regular medical follow-up screening.
Assuntos
Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Adulto , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Camarões/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , HIV-1 , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Phytophthora megakarya is the agent of black pod disease of cacao and is the main pathogen of this crop in Africa. Population genetic studies are required to investigate how this pathogen emerged. To this end, we developed 12 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for P. megakarya. METHODS AND RESULTS: Microsatellite sequences were obtained by pyrosequencing of multiplex-enriched libraries. Candidate loci with di- or trinucleotide motifs were selected, and primer pairs were tested with nine P. megakarya isolates. The 12 most polymorphic and unambiguous loci were selected to develop three multiplex PCR pools. The total number of alleles varied from two to nine, depending on loci, and higher than expected heterozygosity was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These markers were used for population genetic studies of P. megakarya in Cameroon and for comparison with reference strains from West Africa. This is the first time that microsatellite markers have been developed for P. megakarya.