Association of Nicotine Cessation Time on the Incidence of Recurrent Incisional Hernia Repair and Postoperative Surgical Site Occurrences.

BACKGROUND: Nicotine products are believed to be associated with a higher incidence of incisional hernia (IH) recurrence and postoperative complications after IH repair. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC) database was performed. Outcomes included risk of IH recurrence, 30-day surgical site infection (SSI), and 30-day surgical site occurrence (SSO). RESULTS: We included 14,663 patients. Nicotine users who quit within 1 year of surgery had a 26% higher risk of IH recurrence compared to patients who quit more than a year before surgery or never users. Patients who quit using nicotine within 1 year of surgery had a 54% higher odds of SSI compared to former nicotine users who quit more than a year before surgery. CONCLUSION: Former nicotine users with less than 1 year of nicotine use cessation before surgery exhibited worse outcomes than those with more than a year of cessation or no prior use.

Obesity is Associated with Significantly More Anastomotic Leaks After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: A NSQIP Database Study.

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the association between obesity status and postoperative outcomes for patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) or transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) via an open or minimally invasive (MIE) surgical approach. METHODS: The 2016-2018 national surgical quality improvement program esophagectomy-targeted database was used to identify adult patients who underwent TTE or THE, with stratification of patients by obesity status and surgical approach. Using a multivariable regression model for each outcome, the study evaluated whether the adjusted difference between obese and non-obese patients varied between the open and MIE approaches. RESULTS: In this study, 1260 patients underwent TTE (28.1% obese; 51.7% MIE), and 386 patients underwent THE (29.3% obese; 43.0% MIE). The obese patients in the TTE cohort who underwent MIE had 3.4 times higher odds of failing to wean from mechanical ventilation within 48 h (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-6.4), 1.7 times greater odds of returning to the operating room (95% CI 1.1- 3.0), 2.4 times greater odds of having an index hospital stay longer than 30 days, (95% CI 1.0-6.0), and 2.5 times greater odds of experiencing a grade 3 anastomotic leak (95% CI 1.3-4.9). No differences between obese and non-obese patients were observed among those who underwent TTE via an open approach or THE. CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that obese patients undergoing TTE via an MIE approach had greater odds of failing to wean from mechanical ventilation within 48 h, returning to the operating room, having an index hospital stay longer than 30 days, and having a grade 3 anastomotic leak. These results are in contrast to the previously published literature and require replication as additional data become available.

Costs and complications associated with transvenous lead reoperation in cardiac implantable electronic devices.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac implantable electronic device transvenous (TV) lead reoperations are projected to increase, and robust economic data are needed to assess the resulting financial impact and the cost-effectiveness of prevention and treatment strategies. This study estimates Medicare costs, and describes patterns of complications, in patients who underwent TV lead reoperation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Medicare data (2010-2014) were used to identify patients who underwent TV lead reoperation. Cumulative costs to Medicare, and rates of infection and mechanical complications were calculated from 180 days before, to 180 days after, lead reoperation. Multivariate analysis was used to estimate adjusted costs, and to examine the impact of complications on medical resource use and costs. There were 1691 patients, 63.2% of whom underwent inpatient lead reoperation. Overall, the mean age was 78.2 years, 39.6% were female, and 92.3% were white. The mean cumulative cost was $36 199 (95% confidence interval [CI], $31 864-$40 535) for TV lead repositioning, $27 701 (95% CI, $19 869-$35 534) for repair, and $54 442 (95% CI, $51 651-$57 233) for removal. Underlying infection was associated with increased odds of inpatient reoperation and of lead removal, as well as longer length of stay and higher costs. CONCLUSIONS: The economic consequences of TV lead reoperation are substantial. Strategies aimed at reducing reoperation, particularly lead removal, are likely to result in considerable cost offsets.