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1.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis ; 28(4): 393-401, 2018 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29422298

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An increase in plasma branched-chain amino acids is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the basal plasma amino acid concentrations in young adults. Our aim was to determine the plasma amino acid profiles of young adults and to evaluate how these profiles were modified by sex, body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a transversal study with 608 Mexican young adults aged 19.9 ± 2.4 years who were applicants to the Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. The subjects underwent a physical examination and provided a clinical history and a blood sample for biochemical, hormonal and amino acid analyses. The women had higher levels of arginine, aspartate and serine and lower levels of α-aminoadipic acid, cysteine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, proline, tryptophan, tyrosine, urea and valine than the men. The obese subjects had higher levels of alanine, aspartate, cysteine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline and tyrosine and lower levels of glycine, ornithine and serine than the normal weight subjects. Subjects with IR (defined as HOMA > 2.5) had higher levels of arginine, alanine, aspartate, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, tyrosine, taurine and valine than the subjects without IR. Furthermore, we identified two main groups in the subjects with obesity and/or IR; one group was composed of amino acids that positively correlated with the clinical, biochemical and hormonal parameters, whereas the second group exhibited negative correlations. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that young adults with obesity or IR have altered amino acid profiles characterized by an increase in alanine, aspartate, proline and tyrosine and a decrease in glycine.


Assuntos
Aminoácidos/sangue , Índice de Massa Corporal , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Adolescente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Estado Nutricional , Obesidade Infantil/diagnóstico , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto Jovem
2.
Public Health ; 126(6): 535-40, 2012 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22546507

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Increasing overweight and obesity rates in Mexico have been associated with increases in mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study assessed changes in body mass index (BMI) and body weight over 1 year, and explored whether these were associated with changes in CVD risk factors of blood pressure and fasting glucose in a cohort of young Mexican adults. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal data were obtained from a cohort of young Mexican adults applying to college. METHODS: Data were collected from college applicants for the 2008 academic year who re-applied in 2009. In total, 795 college applicants aged 18-20 years, of both sexes (48% males and 52% females), were included in the study. The screen included height, weight, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure measurements plus a blood draw following an overnight fast for fasting glucose. RESULTS: At baseline, 31.8% of the participants were overweight or obese. The mean 1-year change in body weight and BMI were 0.80 kg and 0.35 kg/m(2), respectively. One-year changes in body weight and BMI were associated with increased SBP and DBP for both men and women (P < 0.05), independent of baseline BMI. A weight gain of 5% or more was positively associated with increases in blood pressure among women (P < 0.05), but not among men. A weight loss of 5% or more was associated with reductions in SBP among women. CONCLUSIONS: One-year changes in weight were associated with changes in blood pressure.


Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea , Peso Corporal , Adulto , Glicemia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Aumento de Peso , Redução de Peso , Adulto Jovem
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