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1.
Mil Med Res ; 8(1): 35, 2021 06 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34074350

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. METHODS: A total of 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. Based on these methods, the criteria of hydration were established. RESULTS: Of the total sample, 81% met the hydration criteria (urine color = well hydrated, water balance ≥ 0 ml, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 ml/kg), and 19% did not meet the hydration criteria (urine color = not sufficiently hydrated or dehydrated, water balance < 0 ml, and total water intake/weight < 35 ml/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs. 3, P = 0.026), weight [(84.7 ± 10.5) vs. (80.5 ± 10.2) kg], body mass index [(26.3 ± 3.1) vs. (25.2 ± 2.8)]kg/m2, body fat [(22.3 ± 5.6) vs. (18.3 ± 6.5)] %, urine specific gravity, and urine color. Using a logistic binary regression model, hydration status was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (P = 0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidities, or medications. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (r = 0.357, P = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (r = - 0.427, P = 0.000), percentage of body fat (r = - 0.405, P = 0.000), and waist/hip ratio (r = - 0.223, P = 0.002). Based on a linear regression model, total water intake/weight was related significantly with percentage of body fat (P = 0.001) and percentage of body water content (P = 0.035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidities, or medications. CONCLUSIONS: These findings all suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Militares/estatística & dados numéricos , Estado de Hidratação do Organismo/fisiologia , Adulto , Altitude , Ansiedade/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Espanha , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico
2.
Med. segur. trab ; 58(228): 261-268, jul.-sept. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-109263

RESUMO

Objetivos: El sobrepeso y la obesidad, por su frecuencia y la importancia médica de las complicaciones que conllevan, se han estudiado bajo muchos aspectos por su complejidad y heterogeneidad. El presente trabajo trata de estudiar en una muestra de 123 sujetos pertenecientes al sector aéreo (pilotos, controladores y tripulantes aéreos) los siguientes aspectos: 1) Influencia del índice de masa corporal (IMC) en los niveles de proteína C reactiva (PCR); 2) Frecuencia del Síndrome Metabólico (SM) en la muestra seleccionada; 3) Relación entre la presencia de SM y los niveles de PCR; 4) valoración del nivel de PCR en función del número de criterios de SM; 5) Por último, algunas consideraciones bajo el punto de vista psiquiátrico de los resultados, según la literatura consultada. Material y métodos: A la muestra aleatoria seleccionada de 123 sujetos se les valoró los datos antropométricos (peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, IMC y tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica), y se les determinó en suero el nivel de colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), glucosa y triglicéridos, así como la PCR por métodos ultrasensibles. Resultados: Los resultados reflejaron una frecuencia de 36,5 % de individuos que cumplían los criterios de SM. Así mismo, se observó un incremento significativo de los niveles de PCR, que estaba relacionado con el número de criterios utilizados en el diagnóstico del mismo, así como un incremento de la PCR en aquellos sujetos con sobrepeso u obesidad con respecto a los sujetos con peso normal. Conclusiones: La PCR, como respuesta a un status inflamatorio, puede ayudarnos como marcador de comorbilidad de SM y de sujetos con sobrepeso y/o obesidad, y sugerirnos la existencia de una base inflamatoria que pueda tener influencia en el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, metabólicas o en la aparición de trastornos psiquiátricos (sobre todo de tipo depresivo) y su posible aplicación terapéutica (AU)


Objectives: Overweight and obesity has been studied under a lot point of views because of the high incidence, heterogeneity and medical complications. In this paper, the total number of subjects (n= 123) were selected from a Spanish population (airline pilots, air traffic controllers and other crew members) in order to investigate: 1) Association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels; 2) Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS); 3) Relationship between MS and CRP levels; 4) Relationship between CRP levels and number of diagnostic criteria of MS; 5) Finally, some considerations under the psychiatric point of view are made based on the results and current literature. Methods: The sample consists of 123 subjects. Anthropometric values, blood pressure, CRP concentration and other medical and metabolic parameters (triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, glucose, cholesterol), were calculated according to the standard procedures. Results: The incidence of MS was 36.5%, they all had a high level of CRP. There were relations between the number of diagnostic criteria of MS and CRP serum level. Obesity and overweight have been found to exhibit increased CRP serum level too. Conclusions: CRP is an inflammatory parameter that can helps us to suspect co-morbidity of MS among overweight and obesity population. Increased levels of CRP suggests that there may be a common inflammatory mechanism that can lead to developing cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric diseases. Treatment implications are considered (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Índice de Massa Corporal , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade/complicações , Comorbidade , Biomarcadores , Transtornos Mentais/complicações
3.
Aviat Space Environ Med ; 83(5): 504-8, 2012 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22606867

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Airline pilots belong to a relatively high-income, healthy population, with sedentary behavior during their flight activity, who often eat unsuitable meals. We assessed the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in a population of airline pilot in order to study a possible relationship between the hs-CRP and MS. METHODS: MS was established according to the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III. hs-CRP was classified into three categories: Low < 1 mg x L(-1); intermediate: 1-3 mg x L(-1); and high: > 3 mg x L(-1). RESULTS: The prevalence of MS was 14.8%. The hs-CRP level in the population studied was 1.68 +/- 1.79 mg x L(-1). hs-CRP significantly increased with age. The pilots with MS presented significantly higher hs-CRP levels (median = 1.9 with an interquartile range (IQR) = 2.5 mg x L(-1)) than the pilots without MS (median = 0.9 and IQR = 1.275 mg x L(-1)). MS significantly increased in the groups with high hs-CRP in comparison with pilots with intermediate hs-CRP levels and with those with low hs-CRP levels. A similar association was found between the levels of hs-CRP and the prevalence of MS in the three age groups. The levels of hs-CRP increased in pilots as they presented greater numbers of MS diagnostic criteria. DISCUSSION: hs-CRP rises significantly in pilots of increasing age, in pilots with MS as compared to those without the syndrome, and in pilots as they present greater numbers of MS diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of MS increased among the groups with higher levels of hs-CRP.


Assuntos
Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Adulto , Medicina Aeroespacial , Idoso , Envelhecimento/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Adulto Jovem
4.
Med. segur. trab ; 58(226): 49-58, ene.-mar. 2012. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-103146

RESUMO

Introducción: Ácido úrico sérico y Síndrome Metabólico, son factores que se relacionan fuertemente con enfermedades cardiovasculares. Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de Síndrome Metabólico así como la concentración de Ácido úrico sérico en una población aeronáutica y determinar qué posibles relaciones muestran unos niveles normales y/o patológicos de Ácido úrico con respecto a la presencia o ausencia de Síndrome Metabólico. Material y métodos: Población de 790 pilotos de líneas aéreas, todos varones. Se siguió el criterio del National Cholesterol Education Program para el diagnóstico de Síndrome Metabólico, pero modificado, utilizándose en lugar de circunferencia cintura el índice de masa corporal. Resultados: El 25,4% de los pilotos presentaron valores elevados de Ácido Úrico. El 19,9% de los pilotos presentó Síndrome Metabólico. El riesgo de presentar Síndrome Metabólico por tener el Ácido úrico elevado frente al riesgo que presentaron los que tienen el Ácido úrico normal (razón de prevalencias) fue de 2,6 con un intervalo de confianza al 95% entre 2 y 3,4 y con una significación de p<0,001. Existe una asociación lineal positiva entre el aumento de la concentración de Ácido úrico y el número de factores diagnósticos positivos de Síndrome Metabólico (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que la hiperuricemia puede ser una complicación relacionada son el propio Síndrome Metabólico; la obesidad abdominal puede condicionar un aumento en la concentración de Ácido úrico. Se hace preciso aumentar los estudios sobre poblaciones aeronáuticas respecto a estos factores metabólicos con objeto de aumentar la seguridad en vuelo (AU)


Fundamentals: Uric acid and metabolic syndrome are strongly related to cardiovascular disease. Objective: To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome as well as the levels of uric acid among aircrew members and to determine the relationship between the levels of uric acid and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Methods: We studied a population of 790 male airline pilots. We used the definition of metabolic syndrome of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, but modified by replacing waist circumference for the measurement of body mass index. Results: 25.4% of the pilots presented elevated level of uric acid. 19.9% of pilots presented metabolic syndrome. The risk to present metabolic syndrome in pilots with uric acid elevated in relation to those pilots with normal uric acid was 2.6 higher with a confidence interval of 95% between 2 and 3,4 with a significance of p<0.001. There is a positive linear association between the increased concentration of uric acid and the number of metabolic syndrome diagnostic criteria (p<0,001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that hyperuricemia can be a complication related to the metabolic syndrome. The abdominal obesity may condition an increased concentration of serum uric acid. It is necessary to increase the number of studies on aircrew members in relation to the above mentioned metabolic factors in order to increase the flight safety (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Ácido Úrico/sangue , Hiperuricemia/epidemiologia , Aviação , Índice de Massa Corporal , Fatores de Risco , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia
5.
Psiquiatr. biol. (Ed. impr.) ; 14(2): 53-57, mar. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64483

RESUMO

La compleja interacción dinámica entre la vulnerabilidad (o diátesis) y el estrés participa en numerosos trastornos. Este trabajo valora la relación entre la hostilidad y la vulnerabilidad al estrés y la repercusión en parámetros biológicos de interés cardiovascular, como la proteína C reactiva (PCR) y el colesterol sérico, y el síndrome metabólico (SM) en una población aeronáutica. A una muestra de 105 pilotos, se aplicaron cuestionarios de índice de respuesta al estrés (IRE 32 de González de Rivera) y el inventario de hostilidad de Buss-Durkee. Se determinaron colesterol total, colesterol de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad, proteína C reactiva y otros parámetros que caracterizan el SM. La puntuación media ± desviación estándar en el nivel de hostilidad fue de 24,9 ± 6,8. La media de la vulnerabilidad al estrés fue de 4,3 ± 2,8. La determinación de PCR fue de 2,4 ± 3,3 mg/l. Hubo un incremento significativo de la PCR en sujetos que presentaron una hostilidad alta (p < 0,001) y en los que presentaron SM (p = 0,007). También hubo diferencias significativas entre el nivel de hostilidad y el índice de reactividad al estrés frente al colesterol sérico. Los altos niveles de vulnerabilidad al estrés y de hostilidad pueden contribuir a predecir el riesgo cardiovascular y metabólico, al existir probables relaciones entre ellos y algunos factores de riesgo convencionales, como el colesterol total o la concentración de PCR, entre otros


The complex interaction between vulnerability (or diathesis) and stress is involved in many disorders. The present study examines the relationship between hostility and vulnerability to stress and its influence on biological parameters such as cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP), and the presence of metabolic syndrome in commercial airline pilots. Two questionnaires were administered to 105 pilots: the Vulnerability to Stress Inventory (IRE-32; Gonzalez de Rivera) and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, plasma CRP and other parameters related to the metabolic syndrome were determined. The mean hostility score was 24.9 ± 6.8 and the mean vulnerability to stress score was 4.3 ± 2.8. The mean CRP level was 2.4 ± 3.3 mg/l. Higher CRP levels were found in pilots with high hostility levels (p < 0.001) and in those with metabolic syndrome (p = 0.007). Pilots with high hostility and vulnerability scores had significantly higher total cholesterol in plasma. High levels of vulnerability to stress and hostility were related to total cholesterol and CRP in plasma and could help to predict cardiovascular and metabolic risk


Assuntos
Humanos , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Hostilidade , Fatores de Risco , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/diagnóstico
6.
Med. aeroesp. ambient ; 4(6): 263-267, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-052019

RESUMO

En una población de 762 pilotos de transporte pertenecientes a distintas líneas aéreas españolas se determinó glucemia plasmática basal en ayunas con motivo de su examen físico periódico. De ellos, 604 pilotos (79,3%) presentaron nivel de glucemia basal normal (= 100 y 126 mg/dl) y 8 pilotos (1%) fueron diagnosticados de diabetes mellitus (glucosa >= 126mg/dl), de acuerdo con los últimos criterios de la Asociación Americana de Diabetes (2003). La prevalencia de glucemia basal alterada, condición que predispone al desarrollo de diabetes y constituye un factor de riesgo cardiovascular aumenta con la edad y así de 9,5% en menores de 30 años, pasa a 12,9% en el grupo de 30 a 40 años, a 21,7% en el grupo de 40 a 50 años y a 32,4% en el grupo de más de 50 años. La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus aumenta con la edad y así mientras en menores de 30 años no se detectó ningún caso, en los pilotos de más de 50 años se detectaron 50 casos


In a sample of 762 transport pilots belonging to different Spanish airlines, the fasting plasma glucose was measured at the time of their periodical physical examination. According to last criteria established by the American Diabetes association (2003) 604 pilots (79,3%) presented a normal fasting plasma glucose (=100 y = 126mg/dl). The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose, condition that predisposes to diabetes and cardiovascular disease, increases with aging. In this regard, the prevalence of 9,55 inpilots under 30 years of age, increased to 12,9% in the group with 30 to 40 years of age, to 21,7% in the group of 40 to 50 years and up to 32,4% in pilots with 50 years and older. the prevalence of diabetes als rises with age and while in pilots under 30 years of age no single case of diabetes was detected, 5 cases were found in the group of 50 years and older, accounting for 2,9%


Assuntos
Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Aeronaves , Medicina Aeroespacial
7.
Med. aeroesp. ambient ; 3(4): 168-171, dic. 2001. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-7916

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Se determina el recuento de plaquetas, estableciendo su intervalo de referencia, y la posible relación que muestra dicho parámetro al compararlo con otras variables hematológicas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Personal aeronaútico de vuelo que pasó reconocimiento médico-laboral durante el primer semestre del año 2000 en el Centro de Instrucción Médica Aeroespacial. Se procedión a las determinaciones hematológicas correspondientes en ls dos horas siguientes a la extracción de las muestras biológicas. RESULTADOS: La media obtenida en el recuento de plaquetas sue de 233 x 10 elevado a 9/L. Al estudiar la relación entre el recuento de plaquetas y el VPM, se observó que el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de la poblacion para estas dos variables no es 0 (r=-0,3901, p<0,0005, n= 1075). Una gráfica de barras de error por intervalo entre las dos variables, es compatible con una relación inversa. CONCLUSIONES: La edad no parece ser un factor con incidencia significativa en el recuento de plaquetas. La muestra, refleja una población aeronaútica española con un recuento de plaquetas superior a la que atribuyen algunos autores a la población española e inferior al comunicado en otros países, fundamentalmente anglosajones, y que podría ser tenido en cuenta en los reconocimientos médico-laborales realizados al personal de vuelo español (AU)


Introduction: Platelet counting has been performed and their reference range has been established. The relation of such parameter with other haematology variables has been studied. Method and materials: Aeronautical personnel under medical examination during a period of six months at the Centre for Aerospace Medicine Training. Haematological determinations were done in the following two hours after extraction of the biological samples. Results: The average number obtained in the platelet counting was 233 x 109/L. The relation between the platelet counting and the VPM showed that Pearson correlation coefficient of the studied population, for these two variables, is not equal to 0 (r= -0,3901, p<0,0005, n= 1075). A bar-error graph for a range between these two variables is according with an inverse ratio. Conclusions: Age does not seem a factor of significant incidence in the platelet counting. The studied population shows that the Spanish aeronautical staff have a higher number of platelets than previously indicated by other authors but this number is lower that the one showed in other countries (mainly Anglo-Saxon). This result could be taking in account during the medical examination performed to the Spanish flight crew (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Contagem de Plaquetas , Aviação , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Distribuição por Idade , Volume Plasmático
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