RESUMO
Herpes simplex encephalitis is rarely caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) after the neonatal period. The pathogenesis of HSV-2 encephalitis is not known and its treatment has not been discussed. We report a case of mild meningoencephalitis secondary to HSV-2 primary infection after sexual risk behaviour in a healthy young man. The diagnosis was established upon clinical, biological and electroencephalographic criteria. Aciclovir treatment led to rapid clinical improvement. This case highlights HSV-2 as a rare cause of meningoencephalitis, and questions the management of this rare manifestation of HSV-2 infection.
Assuntos
Encefalite por Herpes Simples/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalite por Herpes Simples/virologia , Herpes Genital/complicações , Herpesvirus Humano 2 , Meningoencefalite/tratamento farmacológico , Meningoencefalite/virologia , Aciclovir/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalite por Herpes Simples/diagnóstico , Herpes Genital/virologia , Herpes Simples/diagnóstico , Herpesvirus Humano 2/efeitos dos fármacos , Herpesvirus Humano 2/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 2/imunologia , Humanos , Imunocompetência , Masculino , Meningoencefalite/diagnóstico , Meningoencefalite/etiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RadiografiaRESUMO
In this work we investigate the magnetic and structural properties of bulk Fe and Fe nanoparticles under pressure with x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies providing answers to two fundamental questions: (a) the chicken-or-egg problem for the magnetic and structural transitions and (b) magnetism in the high pressure hcp phase. The two transitions, inextricably linked in the bulk, are clearly decoupled in the nanoparticles, with the magnetic collapse preceding the structural transition. Ultrafast x-ray emission spectroscopy detects remnant magnetism, probably antiferromagnetic fluctuations, up to pressures of about 40 GPa in the hcp phase. This could be of direct relevance to the superconductivity in ϵ-Fe [K. Shimizu et al., Nature (London) 412, 316 (2001)] through the existence of a quantum critical point and associated magnetic fluctuations.