[Familial prostate cancer and genetic predisposition]. / Familiäres Prostatakarzinom und genetische Prädisposition.

BACKGROUND: Twenty percent of all prostate cancer patients have a positive family history (at least 1 first-degree relative with prostate cancer) and a part of these patients have a genetic predisposition. OBJECTIVES: A literature search and analysis of studies investigating incidence, diagnosis, and clinical course of familial compared to sporadic prostate cancer as well as genetic predisposition was performed using PubMed and Embase. RESULTS: Risk of prostate cancer depends on number, degree of relationship, and age of onset of affected men in the family. The incidence of familial prostate cancer is higher and the age of diagnosis lower compared to sporadic cases. The clinical course of the disease is comparable, but in individuals with a germline mutation, more intensive therapy is needed due to a more aggressive disease. CONCLUSIONS: Crucial for risk assessment is a detailed family history, including creation of a pedigree with cancer family history if necessary. In high-risk families, genetic counselling and annual prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening beginning at the age of 40 should be performed. Verification of a germline mutation requires more intensive therapy due to more aggressive disease.

[Internet use after prostate cancer : Search for information and trust in disease-related information in long-term survivors]. / Internetnutzung nach Prostatakrebs : Informationssuche und Vertrauen in erkrankungsrelevante Informationen bei Langzeitüberlebenden.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The internet provides numerous sources of information about prostate cancer (PCa). The present study investigated internet use among long-term PCa survivors, trust in online PCa-related information, and associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the German national research project Familial Prostate Cancer long-term PCa survivors were asked about their internet use in 2017. Associations with sociodemographic (age at survey, children, intimate relationship, education) and disease-related parameters (time since diagnosis, PCa family history, progress) were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: In all, 4636 long-term PCa survivors were included in the analysis (mean age 76.9 years; standard deviation 6.6 years). Mean follow-up was 14.0 years. Of long-term PCa survivors, 62.1% were using the internet. Among non-users 23.5% expressed strong concerns, among users only 2.8%. Furthermore, 47.2% of internet users sought information about PCa, 18.0% of them indicated difficulties while searching for information. More than half of the users found the online information inappropriate. Lower age, shorter time since diagnosis, progress, and a more frequent internet use were associated with search for information. Only one-third fully trusted online information. Trust in online information was associated with high age, higher educational level, and frequent search for online information. Many survivors stressed that they were primarily trusting their treating urologist. CONCLUSIONS: Two-thirds of long-term PCa survivors are using the internet. A significant proportion expressed difficulties finding proper and reliable information. Urologists should be familiar with online resources on PCa in order to offer advice to patients and to recommend adequate information on the internet.