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1.
Toxicol Ind Health ; 29(6): 555-66, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22491722

RESUMO

Our objective was to determine whether hypothyroidism protects against ethylene glycol (EG)-induced renal damage and whether the redox environment participates in the protection process. We used 36 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: (1) euthyroid, (2) euthyroid + 0.75% EG, (3) hypothyroid, and (4) hypothyroid + 0.75% EG. Hypothyroidism occurred 2 weeks after thyroidectomy. The parathyroid gland was reimplanted. EG was administrated for 21 days in drinking water. On day 21, the renal function was assessed and then the rats were decapitated. The left kidney was processed for histology, and the right kidney was used to determine the redox environment, oxidative stress, and the testing of the antioxidant enzymatic system. EG in euthyroid rats reduced the hydric and electrolytic balance and it also caused oxidative stress and renal damage. Hypothyroidism per se modifies the renal function causing a low osmolal and potassium clearance and the filtered load of potassium and sodium. In addition, there was an enhanced redox state because hypothyroidism increases the reduced glutathione concentration caused by a high activity of γ-glutamylcysteine synthase. Hypothyroidism is a protective state against EG because the changes in the renal function were smaller than in the euthyroid state. The oxidative stress and cellular damage were ameliorated by the hypothyroid condition. Also, the hypothyroidism-enhanced redox environment protects against EG-induced oxidative stress, renal damage, and renal dysfunction.


Assuntos
Etilenoglicol/toxicidade , Glutationa/metabolismo , Hipotireoidismo/metabolismo , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Análise de Variância , Animais , Antioxidantes , Histocitoquímica , Rim/química , Rim/enzimologia , Rim/patologia , Testes de Função Renal , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/análise , Urolitíase/induzido quimicamente , Urolitíase/metabolismo
2.
Eur J Med Chem ; 43(7): 1432-7, 2008 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18063443

RESUMO

The alkylation reaction of 2,2'-diseleno and 4,4'-diseleno-bis(benzoic acid) derivatives in the presence of sodium borohydride and alkyl halides allowed the synthesis of various new o- and p-alkylselenenylated benzoic acid derivatives in good yields. The anti-inflammatory activity of selected selenide derivatives on granuloma induced by subcutaneous implantation of cotton pellets in Wistar rats was examined. Selenium derivatives 2a, 2c and 2e showed anti-inflammatory activity although to a lesser extent as compared to indomethacin, however they were found less toxic than the latter.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/síntese química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Compostos de Selênio/síntese química , Compostos de Selênio/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Feminino , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Compostos de Selênio/química
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