RESUMO
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a produção e o valor nutritivo de nove espécies de leguminosas forrageiras herbáceas tropicais, cultivadas sob dois níveis de irradiação luminosa e seis frequências de corte na estação chuvosa, em Anhembi (SP), Brasil. Parcelas puras foram estabelecidas ao sol e sob plantação de Eucalyptus grandis, com 8 anos de idade, com 1.000 árvores/ha, que interceptou mais de 80% da radiação luminosa incidente. Avaliou-se a taxa de acúmulo de matéria seca, a proteína bruta e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca em amostras de plantas colhidas em intervalos de 30, 60, 90 e 180 dias, com cortes adicionais aos 120 e 150 dias. Sob pleno sol, as leguminosas testadas toleraram cortes mais frequentes (intervalos de 30 - 90 dias), exceto o Lablab. Na sombra, o grau de tolerância variou conforme a espécie; em termos de produção de MS e de persistência, a Centrosema e a Puerária se destacaram dentre as demais leguminosas comparadas, quando os cortes foram realizados em intervalos de 60 dias, enquanto o Arachis e o Estilosantes foram os mais produtivos quando os cortes ocorreram em intervalos de 120 dias, mantendo o valor nutricional. O Alysicarpus e a Aeschynomene não persistiram sob o nível de sombreamento que prevaleceu nesse experimento.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the production and nutritive value of nine tropical legumes under two light intensities and six cutting regimens in the wet season, in Anhembi (SP) - Brazil. Pure stands were established in full light and under an eight-year-old eucalyptus plantation with 1.000 plants per hectare. The trees intercepted over80% of the incident radiation. Dry matter herbage accumulation, dry matter in vitro digestibility and crude protein under the cutting intervals 30, 60, 90 and 180 days, with additional cuttings at 120 and 150 days were evaluated. With the exception of Lablab, all other tested legume species tolerated higher cutting frequency under when grown under full sun light then under shade. The degree of shade-tolerance varied according to the species; Centrosema and Pueraria produced well at cutting intervals of 60 days, showing higher dry matter production and persistence while Arachis and Stylosanthes showed better results under longer cutting intervals, keeping the nutritional value, and can be indicated for differential grazing. Alysicarpus and Aeschynomene did not persist under the prevailing conditions.
Assuntos
Eficiência , Pastagens/análise , Pastagens/métodos , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Clitoria/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pueraria/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The specific properties of porous materials when wet, namely the cooling effect near the surface due to the heat extraction during water evaporation, were known and used by ancient civilisations. During human perspiration, the necessary heat for sweat evaporation is provided by the cutaneous surface, which induces a temperature drop similar to that observed in a wet porous material. The potential for using porous materials to simulate human perspiration was investigated in this work using different permanently saturated porous materials (plaster, white clay and red clay). The existence and duration of a constant drying rate was studied, as well its dependency on the surrounding conditions, namely temperature, moisture and velocity. We verified the existence of a period with constant drying rate for all the tested samples; this is evidence that a uniformly distributed humid layer is formed and stays on the external surface of the porous body. This represents a step forward in simulation of the sweating mechanism. All three tested porous materials showed very good reproducibility and good sensitivity in terms of the response of the evaporation rate to any variation of the relative humidity.