Unveiling the consequences of early human saliva contamination on membranes for guided bone regeneration.

AIMS: GBR membranes have various surface properties designed to elicit positive responses in regenerative clinical procedures; dental clinicians attempt to employ techniques to prevent the direct interaction of contaminated oral fluids with these biomaterials. However, saliva is uninterruptedly exhibited in oral surgical procedures applying GBR membranes, suggesting a persistent interaction with biomaterials and the surrounding oral tissues. This fundamental study aimed to investigate potential alterations in the physical, chemical, and key biological properties of membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR) caused by isolated early interaction with human saliva. METHODS: A reproducible step-by-step protocol for collecting and interacting human saliva with membranes was developed. Subsequently, membranes were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, protein quantification, DNA, and 16S rRNA levels viability of two different cell lines at 1 and 7 days, and ALP activity. Non-interacted membranes and pure saliva of donors were applied as controls. RESULTS: Qualitative morphological alterations were noticed; DNA extraction and 16S quantification revealed significantly higher values. Furthermore, the viability of HGF-1 and MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly (p < .05) reduced following saliva interaction with biodegradable membranes. Saliva contamination did not prejudice PTFE membranes significantly in any biological assay. CONCLUSIONS: These outcomes demonstrated a susceptible response of biodegradable membranes to isolated early human saliva interaction, suggesting impairment of structural morphology, reduced viability to HGF-1 and MC3T3-E1, and higher absorption/adherence of DNA/16S rRNA. As a result, clinical oral procedures may need corresponding refinements.

Donation and Equitable Access to Organ, Tissue, and Cell Transplants: A Brazilian Perspective on the Strategy and Plan of Action 2019-2030.

OBJECTIVE: To position the Brazilian Transplant System within the context of the 4 Strategic Lines of Action proposed by the Pan-American Health Organization. METHOD: A specialist analysis was conducted through comparative analyses of the 4 Strategic Lines of Action, objectives, and indicators outlined in the Action Plan, along with the donation and transplantation system in accordance with Brazilian transplantation law. Subsequent to an in-depth review of the document issued by the health authority, a series of meetings involving 8 specialists in organ donation and transplantation were conducted. During these meetings, discussions were carried out with the objective of numerically interpreting each strategy presented in the document, and recommendations constructed. RESULTS: Four strategies were evaluated and only 2 of them the third (81,3%) and the fourth (90%) do not achieve the indicators to complete the objective related to equitable access to organ, tissue, and cell transplants in Brazil. CONCLUSION: The recommendations developed carry importance, as they are innovative and contribute to the establishment of priorities when shaping public policies. The report not only highlights indicators that were not satisfactorily met but also provides insights into the recommendations formulated to improve those indicators that have already been achieved and to work toward achieving those that have not yet been realized. Additionally, these recommendations can justify actions and establish priorities for research efforts in the field.

Unlocking the potential of probiotic administration in caries management: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The use of prebiotics and/or probiotic bacteria with the potential to modulate the oral ecosystem may play an important role in the prevention and management of dental caries. To assess the evidence of the potential of pre/probiotics both in the prevention and treatment of dental caries, we focused on the PICO question "In individuals with caries, after probiotic administration, is there an improvement in outcomes directly related to caries risk and development?". METHODS: An extensive systematic search was conducted in electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane, to identify articles with relevant data. This systematic review included trials performed in Humans; published in English; including the observation of patients with caries, with clear indication of the probiotic used and measuring the outcomes directly involved with the cariogenic process, including the quantification of bacteria with cariogenic potential. To evaluate the methodological quality of the studies, the critical assessment tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute was used. RESULTS: Eight hundred and fifty articles, potentially relevant, were identified. Following PRISMA guidelines 14 articles were included in this systematic review. Outcomes such as reduction of cariogenic microorganism counts, salivary pH, buffer capacity, and caries activity were assessed. The probiotic most often referred with beneficial results in dental caries outcomes is Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus. Regarding the most used administration vehicle, in studies with positive effects on the caries management, probiotic supplemented milk could be considered the best administration vehicle. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence suggests a beneficial effect of probiotic supplemented milk (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus) as an adjuvant for caries prevention and management. However, comparable evidence is scarce and better designed and comparable studies are needed.

D-2-hydroxyglutarate supports a tolerogenic phenotype with lowered major histocompatibility class II expression in non-malignant dendritic cells and acute myeloid leukemia cells.

D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) accumulates in primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with mutated isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and other malignancies. D-2-HG suppresses antitumor T cell immunity but little is known about potential effects on non-malignant myeloid cells. Here we show that D-2-HG impairs human but not murine dendritic cell (DC) differentiation, resulting in a tolerogenic phenotype with low major histocompatibility (MHC) class II expression. In line, IDH-mutated AML blasts exhibited lower expression of HLA-DP and were less susceptible to lysis by HLA-DP-specific T cells. Interestingly, D-2-HG reprogrammed metabolism towards increased lactate production in DCs and AML besides its expected impact on DNA demethylation. Vitamin C accelerated DNA demethylation, but only the combination of vitamin C and glycolytic inhibition lowered lactate levels and supported MHC class II expression. Our results indicate an unexpected link between the immunosuppressive metabolites 2-HG and lactic acid and suggest a potentially novel therapeutic strategy with combinations of anti-glycolytic drugs and epigenetic modulators (hypomethylating agents) or other therapeutics for the treatment of AML.

Metodologías utilizadas por los profesionales de enfermería en la producción de videos educativos: revisión integradora / Methodologies used by Nursing professionals in the production of educational videos: An integrative review / Metodologias utilizadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem na produção de vídeos educativos: revisão integrativa

Objetivo: evaluar la evidencia científica sobre las metodologías que utilizan los profesionales de enfermería para producir videos educativos. Método: revisión integradora. La búsqueda de estudios primarios se realizó en las bases de datos CINAHL, LILACS y MEDLINE/PubMed. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 19 investigaciones. La calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos se evaluó usando una herramienta propuesta por la Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice y los resultados se analizaron de forma descriptiva. Resultados: las etapas metodológicas utilizadas para el proceso de elaboración y realización de los videos incluyen preproducción, producción y postproducción. Los estudios revelan que, en general, los autores aplicaron y/o describieron correctamente las etapas, además contemplaban el método adoptado. Sin embargo, en 14 estudios no se utilizó un marco metodológico para garantizar el rigor en su realización y en 11 presentaron validación por parte del público objetivo. Conclusión: la síntesis de conocimientos mostró que aún hay necesidad de atención en la construcción de videos educativos en cuanto al marco metodológico y la validación por la población objetivo. La ejecución rigurosa de los procedimientos metodológicos necesarios para el desarrollo de videos educativos, para fomentar la adquisición de habilidades esenciales para la creación de material didáctico de alta calidad.

Objective: to evaluate the diverse scientific evidence on the methodologies used by Nursing professionals in the production of educational videos. Method: an integrative review. The search for primary studies was carried out in the CINAHL, LILACS and MEDLINE/PubMed databases. The sample consisted of 19 research studies. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed using a tool proposed by the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice and the results were analyzed in a descriptive form. Results: the methodological stages used for the process to elaborate and make the videos include pre-production, production and post-production. The studies reveal that, for the most part, the stages were properly applied and/or described by the authors, in addition to contemplating the method adopted. However, in 14 studies there was no use of a methodological framework to ensure rigor in their conduction and in 11 presented validation by the target audience. Conclusion: the synthesis of knowledge showed that there is still a need for attention for the construction of educational videos regarding the methodological framework and validation by the target population. The rigorous execution of the methodological procedures necessary for the development of educational videos, aiming to encourage the acquisition of essential skills for the creation of high-quality teaching materials.

Objetivo: avaliar as evidências científicas sobre as metodologias utilizadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem na produção de vídeos educativos. Método: revisão integrativa. A busca dos estudos primários foi realizada nas bases de dados CINAHL, LILACS e MEDLINE/PubMed. A amostra foi composta por 19 pesquisas. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos foi avaliada por meio ferramenta proposta por Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice e os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva. Resultados: as etapas metodológicas utilizadas para o processo de elaboração e construção dos vídeos compreendem a pré-produção, produção e pós-produção. Os estudos revelaram que, majoritariamente, as etapas foram aplicadas e/ou descritas corretamente pelos autores, além de contemplar o método adotado. No entanto, em 14 estudos não houve a utilização de referencial metodológico para assegurar o rigor em sua condução e em 11 apresentaram a validação pelo público-alvo. Conclusão: a síntese de conhecimento mostrou que ainda há necessidade de atenção para a construção de vídeos educativos quanto ao referencial metodológico e validação pela população-alvo. A execução rigorosa dos procedimentos metodológicos para o desenvolvimento de vídeos educacionais, permitem fomentar a aquisição de habilidades essenciais para a criação de materiais didáticos de elevada qualidade.

Risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery: an integrative review of literature / Fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em cirurgia bariátrica: revisão integrativa / Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infección del sitio quirúrgico en cirugía bariátrica: una revisión integradora

Abstract Objective: to evaluate evidence on risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery. Method: integrative review. The search for primary studies was performed in four databases. The sample consisted of 11 surveys. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis and synthesis were performed in a descriptive manner. Results: surgical site infection rates ranged from 0.4% to 7.6%, considering the results of primary studies, in which patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. In surveys of participants undergoing surgical procedures with different approaches (open, laparoscopic or robotic), infection rates ranged from 0.9% to 12%. Regarding the risk factors for the development of this type of infection, antibiotic prophylaxis, female sex, high Body Mass Index and perioperative hyperglycemia are highlighted. Conclusion: conducting the integrative review generated a body of evidence that reinforces the importance of implementing effective measures for the prevention and control of surgical site infection, by health professionals, after bariatric surgery, promoting improved care and patient safety in the perioperative period.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar as evidências sobre os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em cirurgia bariátrica. Método: revisão integrativa. A busca dos estudos primários foi realizada em quatro bases de dados. A amostra foi composta por 11 pesquisas. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos foi avaliada por meio de ferramentas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. A análise e a síntese dos dados foram realizadas de maneira descritiva. Resultados: as taxas de infecção de sítio cirúrgico variaram de 0,4% até 7,6%, considerando os resultados dos estudos primários, cujos pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia por via laparoscópica. Nas pesquisas com os participantes submetidos aos procedimentos cirúrgicos com diferentes abordagens (aberta, via laparoscópica ou robótica), as taxas de infecção variaram de 0,9% até 12%. Com relação aos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento deste tipo de infecção, ressaltam-se antibioticoprofilaxia, sexo feminino, Índice de Massa Corporal elevado e hiperglicemia perioperatória. Conclusão: a condução da revisão gerou corpo de evidências que reforça a importância na implementação de medidas efetivas para prevenção e controle de infecção de sítio cirúrgico pelos profissionais de saúde após cirurgia bariátrica, promovendo a melhoria da assistência e da segurança do paciente no perioperatório.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar las evidencias sobre los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infección de sitio quirúrgico en cirugía bariátrica. Método: revisión integradora. La búsqueda de estudios primarios se realizó en cuatro bases de datos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 11 investigaciones. La calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante herramientas propuestas por el Joanna Briggs Institute. El análisis y la síntesis de los datos se realizaron de manera descriptiva. Resultados: las tasas de infección del sitio quirúrgico oscilaron entre 0,4% y 7,6%, considerando los resultados de los estudios primarios, en los que los pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugía mediante laparoscopia. En investigaciones con participantes que se sometieron a procedimientos quirúrgicos con diferentes enfoques (abierto, laparoscópico o robótico), las tasas de infección oscilaron entre el 0,9 % y el 12 %. En cuanto a los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de este tipo de infección, se destacan la profilaxis antibiótica, el sexo femenino, el Índice de Masa Corporal elevado y la hiperglucemia perioperatoria. Conclusión: la realización de la revisión generó un cuerpo de evidencia que refuerza la importancia de implementar medidas efectivas para la prevención y el control de la infección de sitio quirúrgico, por parte de los profesionales de la salud, después de la cirugía bariátrica, promoviendo la mejora de la atención y la seguridad del paciente en el período perioperatorio.

The P300 Auditory Evoked Potential in Cochlear Implant Users: A Scoping Review

Abstract Introduction The P300 auditory evoked potential is a long-latency cortical potential evoked with auditory stimulation, which provides information on neural mechanisms underlying the central auditory processing. Objectives To identify and gather scientific evidence regarding the P300 in adult cochlear implant (CI) users. Data Synthesis A total of 87 articles, 20 of which were selected for this study, were identified and exported to the Rayyan search software. Those 20 articles did not propose a homogeneous methodology, which made comparison more difficult. Most articles (60%) in this review compare CI users with typical hearing people, showing prolonged P300 latency in CI users. Among the studies, 35% show that CI users present a smaller P300 amplitude. Another variable is the influence of the kind of stimulus used to elicit P300, which was prolonged in 30% of the studies that used pure tone stimuli, 10% of the studies that used pure tone and speech stimuli, and 60% of the studies that used speech stimuli. Conclusion This review has contributed with evidence that shows the importance of applying a controlled P300 protocol to diagnose and monitor CI users. Regardless of the stimuli used to elicit P300, we noticed a pattern in the increase in latency and decrease in amplitude in CI users. The user's experience with the CI speech processor over time and the speech test results seem to be related to the P300 latency and amplitude measurements.

The P300 Auditory Evoked Potential in Cochlear Implant Users: A Scoping Review.

Introduction The P300 auditory evoked potential is a long-latency cortical potential evoked with auditory stimulation, which provides information on neural mechanisms underlying the central auditory processing. Objectives To identify and gather scientific evidence regarding the P300 in adult cochlear implant (CI) users. Data Synthesis A total of 87 articles, 20 of which were selected for this study, were identified and exported to the Rayyan search software. Those 20 articles did not propose a homogeneous methodology, which made comparison more difficult. Most articles (60%) in this review compare CI users with typical hearing people, showing prolonged P300 latency in CI users. Among the studies, 35% show that CI users present a smaller P300 amplitude. Another variable is the influence of the kind of stimulus used to elicit P300, which was prolonged in 30% of the studies that used pure tone stimuli, 10% of the studies that used pure tone and speech stimuli, and 60% of the studies that used speech stimuli. Conclusion This review has contributed with evidence that shows the importance of applying a controlled P300 protocol to diagnose and monitor CI users. Regardless of the stimuli used to elicit P300, we noticed a pattern in the increase in latency and decrease in amplitude in CI users. The user's experience with the CI speech processor over time and the speech test results seem to be related to the P300 latency and amplitude measurements.

Methodologies used by Nursing professionals in the production of educational videos: An integrative review. / Metodologías utilizadas por los profesionales de enfermería en la producción de videos educativos: revisión integradora.

OBJECTIVE: (1) The making of videos includes the pre-production, production and post-production phases. (2) Video is a powerful resource in the construction of knowledge and care practice. (3) The methods for making videos guarantee the quality of the content addressed. (4) Video enhances Nursing professionals' skills in the clinical practice. (5) Educational videos are essential in the training of Nursing professionals. to evaluate the diverse scientific evidence on the methodologies used by Nursing professionals in the production of educational videos. METHOD: an integrative review. The search for primary studies was carried out in the CINAHL, LILACS and MEDLINE/PubMed databases. The sample consisted of 19 research studies. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed using a tool proposed by the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice and the results were analyzed in a descriptive form. RESULTS: the methodological stages used for the process to elaborate and make the videos include pre-production, production and post-production. The studies reveal that, for the most part, the stages were properly applied and/or described by the authors, in addition to contemplating the method adopted. However, in 14 studies there was no use of a methodological framework to ensure rigor in their conduction and in 11 presented validation by the target audience. CONCLUSION: the synthesis of knowledge showed that there is still a need for attention for the construction of educational videos regarding the methodological framework and validation by the target population. The rigorous execution of the methodological procedures necessary for the development of educational videos, aiming to encourage the acquisition of essential skills for the creation of high-quality teaching materials.

Mental Health Care in Primary Health Care: An Integrative Review.

In this study, we analyzed recent studies on mental health approaches developed in primary health care to identify the emphasis of such interventions, their technical feasibility for the setting in question, and their levels of evidence. An integrative review was conducted of primary studies from the LILACS, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases using the PRISMA search strategy. Nineteen studies were identified with a high level of evidence that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the area. However, academic, cultural, and linguistic barriers still need to be overcome to facilitate sharing of such interventions' findings and protocols.

Risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery: an integrative review of literature.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate evidence on risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery. METHOD: integrative review. The search for primary studies was performed in four databases. The sample consisted of 11 surveys. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis and synthesis were performed in a descriptive manner. RESULTS: surgical site infection rates ranged from 0.4% to 7.6%, considering the results of primary studies, in which patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. In surveys of participants undergoing surgical procedures with different approaches (open, laparoscopic or robotic), infection rates ranged from 0.9% to 12%. Regarding the risk factors for the development of this type of infection, antibiotic prophylaxis, female sex, high Body Mass Index and perioperative hyperglycemia are highlighted. CONCLUSION: conducting the integrative review generated a body of evidence that reinforces the importance of implementing effective measures for the prevention and control of surgical site infection, by health professionals, after bariatric surgery, promoting improved care and patient safety in the perioperative period.

Assistência à saúde de gestantes com Covid-19: revisão integrativa / Health care provided to pregnant women with Covid-19: an integrative review / Atención sanitaria prestada a mujeres embarazadas con Covid-19: una revisión integradora

Objetivo: analisar na literatura científica as evidências sobre a assistência à saúde de gestantes contaminadas pelo SARS-CoV-2, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, com a busca dos estudo primários nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL e Embase. Para os estudos incluídos foram utilizadas ferramentas para avaliar o nível de evidência e a qualidade metodológica. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 27 estudos, em sua maior parte em inglês e publicados na Espanha, China, Estados Unidos e Turquia. A síntese foi dividida em três categorias: principais sinais e sintomas relacionados à contaminação de gestantes pelo SARS-CoV-2 sendo a febre o sinal mais comum, seguido de tosse e desconforto respiratório; principais complicações relacionadas à contaminação de gestantes pelo SARS-CoV-2, como pré-eclâmpsia e parto prematuro; e tratamento de gestantes contaminadas pelo SARS-CoV-2, com descrição de antivirais, antibióticos e terapia com anticoagulante utilizados. Conclusão: a assistência à saúde de gestantes contaminadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 tem sido focada na análise dos sinais e sintomas, e nas ações para o seu controle.

Objective: To analyze the evidence in the scientific literature on the health care provided to pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This was an integrative literature review, with the search for primary studies carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, and Embase databases. Tools were used to evaluate the level of evidence and methodological quality of the included studies. Results: The sample consisted of 27 studies, which were mostly written in English and published in Spain, China, the United States, and Turkey. The synthesis was divided into three categories, namely: the main signs and symptoms related to the infection of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2, of which fever was the most common sign, followed by coughing and respiratory distress; the main complications related to the infection of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2, such as preeclampsia and premature delivery; and the treatment of pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2, describing the antivirals, antibiotics, and anticoagulant therapy used. Conclusion: The health care provided to pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 has been focusing on the analysis of signs and symptoms, and on the measures for its management.

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia existente en la literatura científica sobre la atención sanitaria prestada a mujeres embarazadas infectadas por SARS-CoV-2 durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Se trató de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, con la búsqueda de estudios primarios realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL y Embase. Se utilizaron herramientas para evaluar el nivel de evidencia y la calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos. Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 27 estudios, en su mayoría escritos en inglés y publicados en España, China, Estados Unidos y Turquía. La síntesis se dividió en tres categorías, a saber: los principales signos y síntomas relacionados con la infección de las embarazadas por el SRAS-CoV-2, de los cuales la fiebre fue el signo más frecuente, seguido de la tos y la dificultad respiratoria; las principales complicaciones relacionadas con la infección de las embarazadas por el SRAS-CoV-2, como la preeclampsia y el parto prematuro; y el tratamiento de las embarazadas infectadas por el SRAS-CoV-2, describiendo los antivirales, los antibióticos y el tratamiento anticoagulante utilizados. Conclusiones: La atención sanitaria prestada a las gestantes infectadas por SRAS-CoV-2 se ha centrado en el análisis de los signos y síntomas, y en las medidas para su manejo.

Lock terapia na prevenção e tratamento da infecção da corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter vascular: revisão integrativa / Terapia de bloqueo en la prevención y tratamiento de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo asociadas al catéter vascular: revisión integradora / Lock therapy in prevention and treatment of catheter-associated bloodstream infection: integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Sintetizar o conhecimento sobre o uso da lock terapia na prevenção e no tratamento da infecção da corrente sanguínea associada ao dispositivo de acesso vascular central de longa permanência em pacientes adultos e idosos hospitalizados. Métodos Revisão integrativa com busca nas bases de dados CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, no período de 1º janeiro de 2010 a 28 de setembro de 2021 sem restrições de idioma. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva. Resultados Foram identificados 16 estudos sendo seis (37,5%) sobre o uso da lock terapia como prevenção de infecção associada ao dispositivo de acesso vascular central e dez (62,5%) sobre tratamento. Os artigos sobre prevenção relataram o uso de soluções não antibióticas. Nove dos dez estudos que abordaram a lock terapia como tratamento, utilizaram soluções antibióticas. Dois estudos avaliaram a eficácia da lock terapia em curta duração (de três a quatro dias), sete em maior duração (entre 10 e 14 dias) e um não especificou a duração. Cada estudo descreveu uma técnica de intervenção e o tempo de permanência da solução intraluminal. Em relação ao risco de viés, foram avaliados como baixo risco: cinco ensaios clínicos randomizados, dois ensaios clínicos sem randomização e oito estudos observacionais. Apenas um estudo observacional foi classificado como risco moderado. Conclusão Na prevenção, identificou-se o uso de soluções não antibióticas como o etanol. Para o tratamento, foi utilizada a daptomicina endovenosa. Enquanto os estudos incluídos nessa revisão sobre prevenção não demonstraram evidência estatística, os dez estudos sobre tratamento demonstraram que a lock terapia é um complemento eficaz ao tratamento sistêmico, apresentando boas taxas de salvamento do cateter.

Resumen Objetivo Sintetizar el conocimiento sobre el uso de la terapia de bloqueo en la prevención y tratamiento de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo asociadas al dispositivo de acceso vascular central de larga permanencia en pacientes adultos y adultos mayores hospitalizados. Métodos Revisión integradora con búsqueda en las bases de datos CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, en el período del 1 de enero de 2010 al 28 de septiembre de 2021 sin restricción de idioma. Los datos fueron analizados de forma descriptiva. Resultados Se identificaron 16 estudios, de los cuales seis (37,5 %) trataban sobre el uso de la terapia de bloqueo como prevención de infecciones asociadas al dispositivo de acceso vascular central y diez (62,5 %) sobre tratamiento. En los artículos sobre prevención se relató el uso de soluciones no antibióticas. En nueve de los diez estudios que abordaban la terapia de bloqueo como tratamiento, se utilizaron soluciones antibióticas. En dos estudios se evaluó la eficacia de la terapia de bloqueo de corta duración (de tres a cuatro días), siete de mayor duración (entre 10 y 14 días) y uno sin especificar la duración. En cada estudio se describió una técnica de intervención y el tiempo de permanencia de la solución intraluminal. Con relación al riesgo de sesgo, fueron evaluados con riesgo bajo: cinco ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, dos ensayos clínicos no aleatorizados y ocho estudios observacionales. Solo un estudio observacional fue clasificado con riesgo moderado. Conclusión Para la prevención, se identificó el uso de soluciones no antibióticas como el etanol. Para el tratamiento, se utilizó la daptomicina intravenosa. Aunque los estudios incluidos en esta revisión sobre prevención no hayan demostrado evidencia estadística, los diez estudios sobre tratamiento demostraron que la terapia de bloqueo es un complemento eficaz para el tratamiento sistémico y presentó buenos índices de salvamento del catéter.

Abstract Objective To synthesize knowledge on the use of lock therapy for prevention and treatment of long-term central vascular access devices-associated bloodstream infection in hospitalized adult and elderly patients. Methods Integrative review conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, from January 1st, 2010 to September 28th, 2021, without language restrictions. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results Sixteen studies were identified, six (37.5%) on the use of lock therapy for prevention of bloodstream infection associated with central vascular access devices, and ten (62.5%) on treatment. The articles on prevention reported the use of non-antibiotic solutions. Nine of the ten studies that addressed lock therapy as treatment used antibiotic solutions. Two studies assessed the effectiveness of lock therapy in a short duration (three to four days), seven in a longer duration (between 10 and 14 days), and one did not specify the length of time. Each study described an intervention technique and the length of stay of the intraluminal solution. Regarding the risk of bias, five randomized clinical trials, two non-randomized clinical trials, and eight observational studies were rated as low risk. Only one observational study was classified as moderate risk. Conclusion The use of non-antibiotic solutions such as ethanol was identified for prevention of bloodstream infection. For treatment, intravenous daptomycin was used. While the studies included in this review on prevention did not show statistical evidence, the ten studies on treatment demonstrated that lock therapy is an effective complement to systemic treatment, showing good catheter salvage rates.

Uso do dispositivo Pegfilgrastim OBI para prevenção de neutropenia: revisão de escopo / Uso del dispositivo Pegfilgrastim OBI para prevenir la neutropenia: revisión de alcance / Pegfilgrastim OBI device use for neutropenia prevention: a scoping review

Resumo Objetivo Mapear os cuidados em saúde do dispositivo Pegfilgrastim on-body injector na prevenção de neutropenia em adultos com câncer em assistência domiciliar após quimioterapia ambulatorial. Métodos Revisão de escopo baseada na metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute . Foram incluídos somente estudos com adultos com câncer submetidos à quimioterapia ambulatorial. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS , PubMed, Scopus, LIVIVO e Web of Science, além da literatura cinzenta ProQuest, Scielo, Banco de Dados em Enfermagem, Google Scholar, Open Grey, bula do medicamento e websites . Foram esgotadas as buscas nas referências dos estudos elegidos. Todos os estudos identificados foram exportados para o gerenciador de referências EndNote para organização e remoção das duplicadas. Utilizou-se o aplicativo web Rayyan para seleção das evidências. Os estudos foram selecionados por pares e de forma independente, sendo os conflitos solucionados por um terceiro pesquisador. Resultados Foram incluídos 10 artigos cujos resultados foram subdivididos nas categorias: adesão do paciente, opinião da equipe de saúde, carga de trabalho do paciente em tratamento do câncer e uso do dispositivo na prática clínica. O dispositivo apresenta poucas falhas e foi aceito pelas equipes de saúde e pacientes na maioria dos estudos. Conclusão Os principais cuidados em saúde para o uso do dispositivo Pegfilgrastim on-body injector estão relacionados à técnica de preparo da pele onde o dispositivo será aplicado, o preparo e a administração do dispositivo. Além disso, salienta-se a importância da avaliação do conhecimento do paciente e seu familiar sobre o dispositivo, o fornecimento de todas as orientações necessárias, verbalmente e por escrito, de forma clara e objetiva, e a validação dessas informações, certificando-se que o paciente compreendeu todas elas e está seguro.

Resumen Objetivo Mapear los cuidados de la salud al utilizar el dispositivo Pegfilgrastim on-body injector para prevenir la neutropenia en adultos con cáncer en atención domiciliaria después de quimioterapia ambulatoria. Métodos Revisión de alcance basada en la metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute . Se incluyeron solamente estudios con adultos con cáncer sometidos a quimioterapia ambulatoria. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS , PubMed, Scopus, LIVIVO y Web of Science, además de la literatura gris ProQuest, Scielo, Banco de Datos de Enfermería, Google Scholar, Open Grey, prospecto del medicamento y sitios web. Se concluyeron las búsquedas en las referencias de los estudios seleccionados. Todos los estudios identificados se exportaron al programa de gestión de referencias EndNote para organizarlas y remover las duplicadas. Se utilizó la aplicación web Rayyan para seleccionar las evidencias. Se seleccionaron los estudios por pares y de forma independiente, y los conflictos se solucionaron mediante un tercer investigador. Resultados Se incluyeron diez artículos cuyos resultados fueron subdivididos en las siguientes categorías: adhesión del paciente, opinión del equipo de salud, carga de trabajo del paciente en tratamiento de cáncer y uso del dispositivo en la práctica clínica. El dispositivo presenta pocas fallas y fue aceptado por los equipos de salud y por los pacientes en la mayoría de los estudios. Conclusión Los principales cuidados de la salud para el uso del dispositivo Pegfilgrastim on-body injector se relacionan con la técnica de preparación de la piel donde se aplicará el dispositivo, la preparación y la administración del dispositivo. Además, se destaca la importancia de la evaluación de conocimientos del paciente y su familiar sobre el dispositivo, la entrega de todas las instrucciones necesarias, verbalmente y por escrito, de forma clara y objetiva, la validación de la información y la verificación de que el paciente haya comprendido todo y esté seguro.

Abstract Objective To map the health care of Pegfilgrastim On-body Injector in neutropenia prevention in adults with cancer in home care after outpatient chemotherapy. Methods This is a scoping review based on the JBI methodology. Only studies with adults with cancer undergoing outpatient chemotherapy were included. The search was carried out in the Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, LIVIVO and Web of Science databases, in addition to gray literature ProQuest, SciELO, Database in Nursing, Google Scholar, Open Grey, drug leaflet and websites. The searches in the references of selected studies were exhausted. All identified studies were exported to the EndNote reference manager for organization and removal of duplicates. The Rayyan web application was used for evidence selection. The studies were selected by pairs independently, with conflicts resolved by a third researcher. Results A total of 10 articles were included, whose results were subdivided into categories: patient compliance, health team opinion, patient workload in cancer treatment and device use in clinical practice. The device has few flaws and was accepted by health care teams and patients in most studies. Conclusion The main health care for Pegfilgrastim On-body Injector use is related to the skin preparation technique where the device will be applied, in addition to device preparation and administration. Moreover, the importance of assessing the knowledge of patients and their family about the device is highlighted, providing all the necessary guidelines, verbally and in writing, clearly and objectively, and validating this information, making sure that patients have understood all of them and are safe.

Identificação de pessoas para cuidados paliativos na atenção primária: revisão integrativa / Identification of people for palliative care in primary health care: integrative review

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o processo de identificação de pessoas adultas e idosas que podem se beneficiar dos cuidados paliativos na atenção primária à saúde. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science e Embase. Foram selecionados oito estudos, nos quais foram distinguidos diferentes instrumentos com o propósito de identificar as pessoas que podem se beneficiar dos cuidados paliativos no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. A incorporação desses instrumentos na prática clínica é urgente, para aumentar o alcance e a efetividade dos serviços oferecidos pelos profissionais de saúde, considerando o perfil demográfico e epidemiológico atual que aponta para o aumento de pessoas com potencial necessidade de cuidados paliativos. Diferentes instrumentos têm sido utilizados com sucesso na identificação do cuidado paliativo no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. No entanto, alguns possuem fragilidades, como o fato de permitirem a identificação apenas das pessoas com doenças oncológicas, deixando de fora as demais condições de saúde, o que reforça a necessidade de mais estudos sobre esta temática.

Abstract This article aims to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the process of identifying adults and elderly people who can benefit from palliative care (PC) in primary health care (PHC). This is an integrative literature review carried out in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, and Embase. Eight studies were selected, in which different instruments and methods were distinguished with the purpose of identifying people who can benefit from PC in the context of PHC. The incorporation of these instruments into clinical practice is urgent in order to increase the reach and effectiveness of the services offered by health professionals, considering the current demographic and epidemiological profile that points to the increase of people with a potential need for PC. Different instruments have been successfully used to identify PC in the context of PHC. However, some have weaknesses, such as the fact that they only allow the identification of people with oncological diseases, leaving out other health conditions, which reinforces the need for further studies on this topic.

Identification of people for palliative care in primary health care: integrative review. / Identificação de pessoas para cuidados paliativos na atenção primária: revisão integrativa.

This article aims to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the process of identifying adults and elderly people who can benefit from palliative care (PC) in primary health care (PHC). This is an integrative literature review carried out in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, and Embase. Eight studies were selected, in which different instruments and methods were distinguished with the purpose of identifying people who can benefit from PC in the context of PHC. The incorporation of these instruments into clinical practice is urgent in order to increase the reach and effectiveness of the services offered by health professionals, considering the current demographic and epidemiological profile that points to the increase of people with a potential need for PC. Different instruments have been successfully used to identify PC in the context of PHC. However, some have weaknesses, such as the fact that they only allow the identification of people with oncological diseases, leaving out other health conditions, which reinforces the need for further studies on this topic.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o processo de identificação de pessoas adultas e idosas que podem se beneficiar dos cuidados paliativos na atenção primária à saúde. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science e Embase. Foram selecionados oito estudos, nos quais foram distinguidos diferentes instrumentos com o propósito de identificar as pessoas que podem se beneficiar dos cuidados paliativos no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. A incorporação desses instrumentos na prática clínica é urgente, para aumentar o alcance e a efetividade dos serviços oferecidos pelos profissionais de saúde, considerando o perfil demográfico e epidemiológico atual que aponta para o aumento de pessoas com potencial necessidade de cuidados paliativos. Diferentes instrumentos têm sido utilizados com sucesso na identificação do cuidado paliativo no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. No entanto, alguns possuem fragilidades, como o fato de permitirem a identificação apenas das pessoas com doenças oncológicas, deixando de fora as demais condições de saúde, o que reforça a necessidade de mais estudos sobre esta temática.

Postmitotic differentiation of human monocytes requires cohesin-structured chromatin.

Cohesin is a major structural component of mammalian genomes and is required to maintain loop structures. While acute depletion in short-term culture models suggests a limited importance of cohesin for steady-state transcriptional circuits, long-term studies are hampered by essential functions of cohesin during replication. Here, we study genome architecture in a postmitotic differentiation setting, the differentiation of human blood monocytes (MO). We profile and compare epigenetic, transcriptome and 3D conformation landscapes during MO differentiation (either into dendritic cells or macrophages) across the genome and detect numerous architectural changes, ranging from higher level compartments down to chromatin loops. Changes in loop structures correlate with cohesin-binding, as well as epigenetic and transcriptional changes during differentiation. Functional studies show that the siRNA-mediated depletion of cohesin (and to a lesser extent also CTCF) markedly disturbs loop structures and dysregulates genes and enhancers that are primarily regulated during normal MO differentiation. In addition, gene activation programs in cohesin-depleted MO-derived macrophages are disturbed. Our findings implicate an essential function of cohesin in controlling long-term, differentiation- and activation-associated gene expression programs.

Protótipo de aplicativo móvel sobre conteúdo educativo para cuidados domiciliares de receptores de transplante hepático / Prototipo de aplicación móvil sobre contenido educativo para cuidados domiciliarios de receptores de trasplante hepático / Mobile application prototype on educational content for home care of liver transplantation recipients

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver e validar o conteúdo educativo de um protótipo de aplicativo móvel para gestão dos cuidados domiciliares de receptores de transplante hepático. Métodos Estudo metodológico para o desenvolvimento e validação de conteúdo, elaborado em três etapas: (1) revisão integrativa da literatura, (2) estudo qualitativo por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com equipe multiprofissional do transplante hepático e pacientes que foram submetidos a esse transplante e (3) validação de conteúdo por meio da técnica Delphi, com a participação de juízes com expertise na temática e receptores de transplante hepático. Resultados No total, 14 artigos originais atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e apontam cuidados voltados ao uso de medicamentos, controle da glicemia e cuidados com possíveis intercorrências e complicações. No estudo qualitativo, formou-se seis unidades de significados extraídas das entrevistas com 20 pacientes e 13 profissionais da equipe. A consolidação das informações permitiu formatar a tela inicial do aplicativo e seis abas de unidades de cuidados domiciliares. A validação de conteúdo apresentou média geral do índice de validade de 0,94 dos pacientes e 0,84 dos profissionais em todos os itens. Conclusão O conteúdo desenvolvido e validado permite a gestão de cuidados domiciliares de pacientes submetidos ao transplante hepático, que contribuirá para melhorar as taxas de sobrevida do paciente e do enxerto, diante das mudanças de vida necessárias para manutenção do novo órgão transplantado.

Resumen Objetivo Desarrollar y validar el contenido educativo de un prototipo de aplicación móvil para la gestión de los cuidados domiciliarios de receptores de trasplante hepático. Métodos Estudio metodológico para el desarrollo y validación de contenido, elaborado en tres etapas: (1) revisión integradora de la literatura, (2) estudio cualitativo por medio de entrevista semiestructurada con un equipo multiprofesional de trasplante hepático y pacientes que se sometieron a ese trasplante y (3) validación de contenido por medio de la técnica Delphi, con la participación de jueces con dominio en la temática y receptores de trasplante hepático. Resultados En total, 14 artículos originales atendieron los criterios de inclusión y señalan cuidados orientados hacia el uso de medicamentos, control de glucemia y cuidados con posibles alteraciones y complicaciones. En el estudio cualitativo, se formaron seis unidades de significados extraídas de las entrevistas con 20 pacientes y 13 profesionales del equipo. La consolidación de la información permitió formatear la pantalla inicial de la aplicación y seis pestañas de unidades de cuidados domiciliarios. La validación de contenido presentó un promedio general del índice de validez del 0,94 de los pacientes y del 0,84 de los profesionales en todos los ítems. Conclusión El contenido desarrollado y validado permite la gestión de cuidados domiciliarios de pacientes sometidos a trasplante hepático, lo que contribuirá para mejorar los índices de sobrevida del paciente y del injerto, ante los cambios de vida necesarios para el mantenimiento del nuevo órgano trasplantado.

Abstract Objective To develop and validate the educational content of a mobile application prototype for managing home care of liver transplantation recipients. Methods This is a methodological study for content development and validity, prepared in three steps: (1) integrative literature review; (2) qualitative study through semi-structured interview with a multidisciplinary liver transplantation team and patients who underwent this transplantation; and (3) content validity through the Delphi technique, with the participation of experts with expertise in the subject and liver transplantation recipients. Results In total, 14 original articles met the inclusion criteria and indicate care aimed at the use of medications, glycemia control and care with possible complications. In the qualitative study, six units of meaning extracted from the interviews with 20 patients and 13 professionals from the team were formed. Information consolidation allowed to format the application initial screen and six tabs of home care units. Content validity presented an overall mean of validity index of 0.94 for patients and 0.84 for professionals in all items. Conclusion The content developed and validated allows managing home care of patients undergoing liver transplantation, which will help to improve patient and graft survival rates, given the life changes necessary for the maintenance of the new transplanted organ.

Association of dietary patterns, number of daily meals and anthropometric measures in women in age of menopause

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association of dietary patterns, number of daily meals and anthropometric measures among women in age of menopause. Subjects and methods: This was a transversal study with 320 women over 50 years old from Caxias do Sul, Brazil. The outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Multiple linear regression was performed. Results: Three dietary patterns: regional, fruits and vegetables, and common Brazilian was identified by Principal Component Analysis. After adjustment, higher adoption of the regional dietary pattern was associated with increased BMI (β = 0.56 [CI95% = 0.03-1.08], p = 0.037) and WC (β = 1.28 [CI95% = 0.17-2,55], p = 0.047). The highest number of meals per day (>=5/day) was associated with reduced BMI (β = -1.18 [CI95% = -2.30 to -0.05], p = 0.041) and WC (β = -2.77 [CI95% = -5.41 to -0.13], p = 0.039), and a mid-afternoon snack BMI (β = -2.16 [CI95% = -3.66 to -0.65], p = 0.005) and WC (β = -5.76 [CI95% = -9.29 to -2.23], p = 0,001). The regional dietary pattern was inversely associated with have five or more meals per day (β = -0.51 [CI95% = -0.84 to -0.18], p = 0.002) and have a mid-afternoon snack (β = -0.63 [CI95% = -1.07 to -0.18], p = 0.006). The fruit and vegetables dietary pattern was positively associated with have five or more meals per day (β = 0.35 [CI95% = 0.02-0.69], p = 0.034). Conclusion: The regional dietary pattern has resulted in higher BMI and WC measures and contributes to decreased meals per day, behavior associated with higher anthropometric measures.

Association of dietary patterns, number of daily meals and anthropometric measures in women in age of menopause.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of dietary patterns, number of daily meals and anthropometric measures among women in age of menopause. METHODS: This was a transversal study with 320 women over 50 years old from Caxias do Sul, Brazil. The outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Multiple linear regression was performed. RESULTS: Three dietary patterns: regional, fruits and vegetables, and common Brazilian was identified by Principal Component Analysis. After adjustment, higher adoption of the regional dietary pattern was associated with increased BMI (ß = 0.56 [CI95% = 0.03-1.08], p = 0.037) and WC (ß = 1.28 [CI95% = 0.17-2,55], p = 0.047). The highest number of meals per day (>=5/day) was associated with reduced BMI (ß = -1.18 [CI95% = -2.30 to -0.05], p = 0.041) and WC (ß = -2.77 [CI95% = -5.41 to -0.13], p = 0.039), and a mid-afternoon snack BMI (ß = -2.16 [CI95% = -3.66 to -0.65], p = 0.005) and WC (ß = -5.76 [CI95% = -9.29 to -2.23], p = 0,001). The regional dietary pattern was inversely associated with have five or more meals per day (ß = -0.51 [CI95% = -0.84 to -0.18], p = 0.002) and have a mid-afternoon snack (ß = -0.63 [CI95% = -1.07 to -0.18], p = 0.006). The fruit and vegetables dietary pattern was positively associated with have five or more meals per day (ß = 0.35 [CI95% = 0.02-0.69], p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: The regional dietary pattern has resulted in higher BMI and WC measures and contributes to decreased meals per day, behavior associated with higher anthropometric measures.