Association of sociodemographic factors with the prescription pattern of opioids for dental patients: a systematic review.

Aim To evaluate the association of patients' sociodemographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity, income, educational level, living environment and health insurance) with the prescription pattern of opioids provided by oral health practitioners.Methods Observational studies that evaluated the association of patients' sociodemographic factors and the likelihood of receiving an opioid prescription provided by an oral health practitioner were eligible. Electronic searches were conducted in Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey up to March 2021. Two authors independently screened the studies, performed data extraction, and assessed the risk-of-bias using the critical appraisal tools developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Certainty of the evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).Results Eight studies were included in this systematic review. Publication year ranged from 2011 to 2021. Narrative synthesis showed with very low certainty of evidence that younger individuals were more likely to receive a prescription of opioids than older individuals. Regarding the other sociodemographic factors and the prescriptions of opioids in dentistry, the evidence is controversial. Risk of bias was low for most items assessed in the included studies.Conclusion The available evidence suggests that there is an association between patients' sociodemographic factors and the prescription patterns of opioids provided by oral health practitioners.

Biosafety in Dental Health Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had quite an impact on dental health care. Concerns about the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through contaminant fluids and droplet formation during several dental procedures highly impacted dental health care, drastically reducing the number of dental practices worldwide. To monitor SARS-CoV-2 contamination in dental clinics, a longitudinal study was carried out during the return of dental practice at university. Methods: Dental health care professionals [(DHCPs); teachers, undergraduate dental students, and dental assistants] and patients were screened for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a dental school clinic environment from 11th January to 12th March 2021 (9 weeks). Serological testing was performed on DHCPs in two-time points. Additionally, samples with low Ct values were sequenced to identify the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variant and possible transmission clusters. Results: We found a low number of dental staff (5.8%), patients (0.9%), and environment sites (0.8%) positive for SARS-CoV-2. Most positive cases had asymptomatic to mild symptoms, and two asymptomatic DHCPs presented prolonged infection. In the first week after previous exposure to COVID-19, 16.2% of DHCPs had IgM or IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and 1/3 of them had undetected antibodies in the last weeks. The variant zeta (P.2) could be detected. No cross-infection was observed between participants. Conclusion: Our study suggests that dental practice can be safely executed when adequate control measures and biosafety protocols are applied. DHCP and patient testing, patient telemonitoring, proper use of personal protection equipment, and sanitization of surfaces are essential to avoid SARS-CoV-2 cross-infection in dental practice.

Do changes in income and social networks influence self-rated oral health trajectories among civil servants in Brazil? Evidence from the longitudinal Pró-Saúde study.

BACKGROUND: Social factors are important determinants of health. However, evidence from longitudinal studies on the possible role of changes in socioeconomic circumstances on adult's oral health is scarce. This study aimed to test whether changes in income and changes in social networks of family members and friends were associated with trajectories of self-rated oral health (SROH) among adults over a 13-year period. METHODS: A prospective cohort study (Pro-Saude Study) was conducted involving non-faculty civil servants at university campi in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Individual data was collected through self-completed questionnaires in four waves (1999, 2001, 2007 and 2012). SROH trajectories between 2001 and 2012 were "Good-stable SROH", "Changed SROH", "Poor-stable SROH". Per capita family income and social networks of family members and friends data obtained in 1999 and 2012 were grouped into "High stable", "Increase", "Decrease", "Low stable". Ordinal logistic regression using complete data of 2118 participants was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs of changes in income and changes in social networks with SROH trajectories, adjusted for age, sex, skin colour and marital status. RESULTS: Participants in the low income-stable and small social networks-stable groups showed 2.44 (95% CI 1.68-3.55) and 1.98 (95% CI 1.38-2.85) higher odds for worst trajectory of SRHO than those in the respective high-stable groups. Those in the decrease income group and decrease social networks group were 78% (95% CI 1.25-2.54) and 58% (95% CI 1.07-2.34) more likely to worst trajectory of SRHO than those in the high income-stable and high social networks-stable groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adults reporting low income and low social networks of family members and friends over 13 years and those with income and social networks decrease during the study period were at higher risk of having worsened their self-rated oral health.

The Influence of Dentists' Profile and Health Work Management in the Performance of Brazilian Dental Teams.

To evaluate the association between dentists' profile and health work management with the performance of primary care dental teams in the Brazilian National Health System, both nationally and regionally. Secondary data analysis from a Brazilian National Programme that evaluated 18,114 Brazilian dental teams, working in the public sector, between 2013 and 2014. Twenty-four independent variables taken from dentists' profile and dental team management characteristics were analysed to assess their influence on reported "dental team performance." An estimated score was generated from their performance on 20 dental procedures by an item response theory model. Multiple linear regression models were performed for each Brazilian geographical region, separately and for the whole of Brazil. p values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Two variables related to dentists' profile, "having graduate studies" (ß = 0.151) and "undertaking continuing professional development training" (ß = 0.101), were associated with enhanced dental team performance in all five Brazilian geographical regions and nationally. The dental team management variables of "having a flexible dental appointment list" (ß = 0.218) and "monitoring oral health indicators" (ß = 0.132) also contributed to improve team performance in each of the regions and nationally. Dentists' profile influenced the performance of dental teams from south region more than the other regions. The findings suggest that continuing professional development, including postgraduate education, and strategic management characteristics are important for primary dental care performance and should be reflected in health policy initiatives in support of quality care. Regional factors could be considered for health care management.

Factors associated with oral pain and oral health-related productivity loss in the USA, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 2015-2018.

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with oral pain and oral health-related productivity loss among US adults. METHODS: We included adults aged ≥30 years who completed the dental examination, had at least one natural tooth, and provided an answer about their oral pain experience or oral health-related productivity loss in the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES). We performed descriptive analyses and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses on weighted data. RESULTS: One out of four adults had oral pain and 4% reported oral health-related productivity loss occasionally or often within the last year of the survey. The odds of oral pain were higher among non-Hispanic black (OR = 1.35; 95%CI = 1.08-1.62) and non-Hispanic Asian individuals (OR = 1.38; 95%CI = 1.07-1.78) compared to non-Hispanic white individuals, and individuals with untreated dental caries (OR = 2.06; 95%CI = 1.72-2.47). The odds for oral health-related productivity loss were 13.85 times higher among individuals who reported oral pain (95%CI = 8.07-23.77), and 2.18 times higher among individuals with untreated dental caries (95%CI = 1.65-2.89). The odds of oral pain and reported oral health-related productivity loss decreased as family income increased. CONCLUSIONS: Factors including non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, lower socio-economic status, and untreated dental caries are associated with oral pain experience, which increases the odds of oral health-related productivity losses. Identifying factors associated with oral pain and productivity loss will enable clinicians, policymakers, and employers to proactively target and prioritize the higher-risk groups in early interventions and policies.

Association of sociodemographic factors with the prescription pattern of opioids for dental patients: A systematic review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Oral health practitioners are responsible for a significant share of opioid prescriptions that seem to be influenced by many aspects, including sociodemographic factors. However, there is no consensus on the factors associated with opioid prescription in Dentistry. OBJECTIVE: To identify whether patients' sociodemographic factors are associated with the prescription pattern of opioids in Dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This systematic review will include observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort). Electronic searches will be conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus, Web of science, LILACS, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Grey literature will also be consulted. Two independent reviewers will screen all retrieved articles for eligibility, extract data, and assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The results will be presented as a narrative synthesis and, where possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted. Certainty of the evidence will be assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42020211226.

Risk factors for anterior open bite: A case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Anterior open bite (AOB) is noteworthy because it is a complex dysplasia, and clinical studies on this malocclusion are usually epidemiological studies or experimental models with small samples and no control group, which renders the data on AOB incomplete and therefore inconclusive. The objective this study was to assess the risk factors involved in developing AOB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was provided with a total of 96 lateral cephalometric radiographs of male and female patients aged between 8 and 14 years were used, regardless of facial type. The dependent variable was the presence or absence of AOB, which divided the participants into case and control groups, respectively; these groups were matched for gender and age. The case and control groups data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential analysis by binary logistic regression using at the 5% significance level. RESULTS: The occurrence of AOB was associated with the presence of deleterious oral habits (P = 0.014; Chi-square test) and was approximately three times (odds ratio = 3.04) more likely to occur in participants with AOB. No significant association between the presence of mouth breathing and the occurrence of AOB was found (P = 0.151; Chi-square test). The odds associated with tongue interposition were 10.51 times higher than those of participants with no such deglutition. The odds associated with the dolichofacial pattern were 5.74 times those of participants with a nondolichofacial pattern. CONCLUSION: Tongue interposition and dolichocephalic facial pattern were risk factors for developing AOB.

Enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19: experiências da farmácia do Paraná da 2ª Regional de Saúde / Confronting the Covid-19 pandemic: Experiences of the Paraná Pharmacy from the 2nd Health Regional

O surgimento do novo coronavírus exigiu a readaptação de diversos sistemas pertencentes à sociedade. Neste contexto, houve a necessidade da reestruturação dos fluxos de grande parte dos serviços de saúde. O presente relato de experiência descreve as ações adotadas pela Farmácia do Paraná (2ª RSM) para minimizar os impactos da pandemia aos pacientes e funcionários. Foram adotadas medidas de caráter administrativo, organizacional e estrutural, incluindo alterações nos processos de dispensação de medicamentos, nas renovações de cadastro e na busca ativa por usuários elegíveis ao serviço "Remédio em Casa". No panorama inicial da estratégia foi possível verificar um incremento no envio de medicamentos via SEDEX, refletindo em uma redução na quantidade de atendimentos presenciais. Tais ações, realizadas de maneira coordenada, contribuem para a redução do risco de contágio e exposição à Covid-19, refreando o avanço da contaminação e reforçando a importância das medidas de isolamento social. (AU)

The emergence of the new coronavirus required the readaptation of several social systems. In this context, there was a need to restructure flows of many health services. This experience report describes the actions adopted by "Pharmacy of Paraná" (2nd RSM) to minimize the impacts of the pandemic on patients and employees. Administrative, organizational, and structural measures were adopted, including changes in drug dispensing processes, registration renewals, and active search for eligible users of the "Remedies at Home" service. In the initial scenario of the strategy, there was an increase in sending medication via "SEDEX", which reduces the amount of inperson care. These actions, carried out in a coordinated manner, reduce the risk of contagion and exposure to Covid-19, curbing contamination and reinforcing the importance of social isolation measures. (AU)

Factors associated with the performance of primary dental health care in Brazil: A multilevel approach.

This study evaluated the factors associated with the performance of Brazilian Oral Health Teams (OHTs).This is multilevel research that used data from 12,386 Brazilian OHTs in 2012. The OHTs performance was estimated in previous research by using Item Response Theory model, which employed 20 questions about dental procedures in Primary Care. The first level covariates were based on OHTs procedures such as: the record of pregnant woman dental appointment, provision of dentistry home care, dental appointments scheduled choices, and OHTs in charge for more than 5000 individuals. Moreover, the use of guidelines was accessed concerning delivering prostheses in primary care, referring to secondary care, referring to suspected oral cancer, and providing care towards patients with special needs. Variables included in level 2 were GINI and Human Development Index. Multilevel linear regression models were constructed, estimating linear regression coefficients, 95% confidence intervals, and P values.OHTs performance was different among the 3,613 municipalities analyzed (P < .001), with 36.7% of the variation in the performance of the OHTs being attributed to the variability between municipalities. The adjusted model showed that higher performance OHTs reported attention to pregnant women, dentistry home care and use of dental care guidelines (P < .001). There were lower performance scores for those OHTs with more restricted scheduling (P < .05), compared to those that reported scheduling appointments at any day and time. The best OHTs and population ratio led to a better performance score (P = .010). At the municipal level, better socioeconomic status was associated with better performance of the OHTs (P < .001).OHTs with higher performance are associated with oral health services organizations and municipalities' socioeconomic status.

What Has Changed in the Dental Prosthesis Procedures in Primary Health Care In Brazil?

The study aimed to identify the changes in the provision of dental prosthetics procedures in the Brazilian primary care. Secondary data from the Brazilian "National Programme for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care" was assessed and three similar questions related to dental prostheses execution that were answered by the same 9,698 oral health teams, in 2011/2012 and 2013/2014, were compared. There was a 4.3% increase in the number of teams that identified individuals with prosthetic needs; a 0.8% increase in the number of teams that performed impression for prosthetic purposes; and the number of teams that reported performing dental prostheses consultations increased by 0.6%. Overall, there was a small modification in the number of teams that provided dental prosthesis procedures in Brazil.

Using Item Response Theory to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of questions in a Brazilian programme and the performance of dental teams in primary care.

OBJECTIVES: First, to assess the psychometric properties of key questions included in a public sector evaluation of primary dental care in Brazil; and second, to evaluate the performance of dental teams in relation to these items. METHODS: Secondary analysis of a national primary care dataset monitoring quality and access to dental care. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with representatives of dental teams participating in the 'National Programme for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care'. Twenty-three mandatory questions about the dentists' reported delivery of dental procedures were included in the analysis. Item Response Theory (IRT) modelling was applied to measure the psychometric properties of the instrument-level of difficulty and discrimination parameter of each item-and then to estimate dental team performance scores based on these parameters. Based on IRT, possible scores ranged from -4 to +4. RESULTS: Three of the 23 mandatory items were removed due to poor internal consistency, resulting in a scale of 20 items for assessing dental team performance. The results showed variation in procedures delivered by the dental teams; whilst more than a half of the procedures were executed by at least 80% of the dental teams, those relating to dentures (partial/total) and frenectomy (lingual/labial) were performed by less than 30%. Amongst the 20 items included in the model, those related to partial/total dentures and oral cancer follow-up presented higher levels of difficulty and were less frequently provided. The items relating to the treatment of deciduous teeth and access to the dental pulp of permanent teeth had the highest discrimination parameters and, consequently, greater weight in the performance's score estimation; therefore, dental teams that did not perform these items had the lowest performance scores. In the present study, dental team performance scores ranged from -3.66 to +1.87 with a mean/median of -0.06/+0.01. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that whilst the items within the instrument demonstrated some potential to discriminate between poor and very poor teams, they were ineffective in discriminating between poor and good teams. Whilst Brazilian dental teams perform many mandatory procedures, variation in the nature of their delivery of care requires further investigation to enhance service provision to the population.

Perfil dos cirurgiões-dentistas e sua influência sobre o desempenho das equipes de saúde bucal atuantes no Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro / Dentists profile and its influence in the performance of dental teams of the Brazilian National Health System

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do perfil dos cirurgiões-dentistas e da organização e planejamento dos serviços de saúde bucal no desempenho das Equipes de Saúde Bucal (ESB) atuantes na Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) brasileira. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, utilizando dados secundários do segundo ciclo do 'Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica' (PMAQ-AB), ocorrido entre 2013 e 2014. Foram utilizados dados obtidos na fase de avaliação externa do PMAQ-AB, que envolveu entrevista com 18.114 dentistas sobre o processo de trabalho das equipes e verificação de documentos na Unidade Básica de Saúde. O questionário foi desenvolvido por meio de uma parceria do Ministério da Saúde com seis instituições de ensino e pesquisa, sendo aplicado por equipe treinada. A variável dependente, 'desempenho das ESB', foi um escore atribuído a cada ESB, estimado por Teoria de Resposta ao Item, através da análise psicométrica de 20 procedimentos odontológicos da APS. As variáveis independentes incluíram características de formação, vínculo de trabalho e plano de carreira dos cirurgiões dentistas, bem como dados referentes à gestão e organização dos serviços de saúde bucal. Análises de Regressão Linear foram realizadas para estimativa dos valores de Beta brutos e ajustados, bem como respectivos intervalos de confiança no modelo ajustado (IC95%). Foram consideradas estatisticamente significativas as variáveis com p≤0,05. Os resultados indicaram que os procedimentos com maiores níveis de dificuldade (e menos frequentemente realizados) foram aqueles relacionados à provisão de próteses dentárias e monitoramento do câncer de boca; os procedimentos com maior capacidade de discriminação foram restauração e exodontia de dentes decíduos. O desempenho das ESB variou de -3,66 a +1,87 (média -0,06; DP 0,82). As variáveis 'pós-graduação Lato Sensu', 'atividades de educação permanente', 'monitoramento e análise dos indicadores e informações de saúde bucal' e 'agenda de atendimentos flexível (usuários agendados e de demanda espontânea)' influenciaram de forma positiva o desempenho de ESB em todas as macrorregiões brasileiras. Variações na realização de procedimentos odontológicos da APS, nos escores de desempenho das ESB e nas variáveis que influenciaram tais desempenhos puderam ser observadas entre as cinco macrorregiões brasileiras. Os achados indicam que a formação complementar do cirurgião-dentista, no formato de educação permanente e pós-graduação Lato Sensu, a avaliação de indicadores de saúde bucal da população adscrita e a oferta de agenda de atendimentos flexível, garantindo atendimento às demandas espontâneas e programadas dos usuários, foram de grande importância para um bom desempenho das equipes de saúde bucal brasileiras atuantes no SUS. (AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dentists' profile and work management in the performance of primary care dental teams of the Brazilian National Health System. Cross-sectional analysis of secondary data from the 'National Programme for Improving the Access and Quality of Primary Care' (PMAQ-AB), that evaluated 18,114 Brazilian dental teams between 2013 and 2014. Data were obtained from the external evaluation phase of the PMAQ-AB, which comprised the interview with the dentist regarding the dental team's work process and verification of documents in the primary health care units. The questionnaire was developed through a partnership between the Ministry of Health and six teaching and research institutions and was applied by trained professionals. The dependent variable, 'performance of dental teams', was a score of dental teams obtained from the Item Response Theory, estimated though the psychometric analysis of 20 dental procedures executed in the PHC. Independent variables included complementary training, employment relationship and career plan of dentists and data referring to the management and organization of oral health services. Linear Regressions were performed to estimate the raw and adjusted Beta values, as well as their confidence intervals (CI 95%); in the adjusted model, variables with p≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results showed that the procedures with the highest difficulty levels (and less frequently performed) were those related to the provision of dental prostheses and oral cancer monitoring; the most discriminating procedures were restoration and extraction of primary teeth. The dental teams' performance ranged from -3.66 to +1.87 (mean -0.06; SD 0.82). The variables 'graduate studies', 'continuing education activities ', 'monitoring oral health indicators' and 'flexible dental appointment list (scheduled and walk in patients)' influenced the dental teams' performance in all Brazilian Geographical Regions. Variations in the execution of PHC dental procedures, dental teams' performance scores, and the variables that influenced such performances could be observed among the five Brazilian Geographical Regions. The findings suggest that the complementary training of the dentist, including continuing education training and graduate studies, the evaluation of oral health indicators of the enrolled population and the offer of a flexible appointment list, ensuring care to scheduled and walk in patients, had a positive impact in the performance of Brazilian dental teams. (AU)

Associação entre padrão de crescimento facial e dimensão de orofaringe / Association between facial growth pattern and oropharynx dimension

Este estudo objetivou investigar a associação entre estenose de naso e orofaringe com o padrão de desenvolvimento facial. Selecionou-se 96 telerradiografias laterais digitais, pré-tratamento ortodôntico, faixa etária de 8 a 14 anos. Para a determinação do padrão facial foram utilizados o índice Vert de Riketts e o quociente de Jarabak. Os dados foram analisados através do Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20 (SPSS). O teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado nos cruzamentos das variáveis naso e orofaringe com tipo facial. Para analisar a concordância intraexaminador, foi realizado o teste Kappa. Segundo a classificação de Ricketts, a maioria da amostra consiste em pacientes com padrão dolicofacial, enquanto que, segundo análise Jarabak, na mesma amostra, a predominância foi do padrão braquifacial. Ao analisar as condições das vias aéreas, observou-se uma relação significativa entre estenose de nasofaringe e o perfil dolicofacial, quando classificado por Jarabak. Usando a classificação de Ricketts, essa mesma associação não foi observada. Considerando-se a orofaringe, não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significantes com o padrão facial. Houve divergência na classificação do padrão facial de crescimento quando comparadas as análises de Ricketts e Jarabak; ao analisar as dimensões das vias aéreas, associada ao padrão facial, observou-se uma relação significativa entre o estreitamento da nasofaringe e o perfil dolicocefálico, quando classificado por Jarabak. O mesmo não foi evidenciado ao utilizar-se a classificação de Ricketts. Considerando-se a orofaringe, não houve associação desta com nenhuma das classificações de padrão facial utilizadas neste trabalho de pesquisa. (AU)

This study aimed to investigate the association between naso stenosis and oropharynx with facial development pattern. We selected 96 lateral digital teleradiographs, pre-orthodontic treatment, age range from 8 to 14 years old. The Riketts Vert index and the Jarabak quotient were used to determine the facial pattern. Data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20 (SPSS). The chi-square test was used in the naso and oropharyngeal variables crossing with facial type. To analyze the intra-examiner agreement, the Kappa test was performed. According to Ricketts classification, the majority of the sample consists of patients with a dolichofacial pattern, whereas according to Jarabak, in the same sample, the predominance was brachyfacial. When analyzing the airway conditions, there was a significant relationship between nasopharyngeal stenosis and the dolichofacial profile, when classified by Jarabak. Using the Ricketts classification, the same association was not observed. Considering the oropharynx, no statistically significant associations were found with the facial pattern. There was divergence in the classification of facial growth pattern when comparing the Ricketts and Jarabak analyzes; when analyzing the airways dimensions, associated with facial pattern, a significant relationship was observed between nasopharyngeal narrowing and the dolichocephalic profile, when classified by Jarabak. The same was not evidenced using the Ricketts classification. Considering the oropharynx, there was no association of this with any of the facial pattern classifications used in this research study.(AU)

Dental Procedures in Primary Health Care of the Brazilian National Health System.

The aim of this study was to examine the procedures of primary dental health care performed by oral health teams (OHTs) adhering to the second cycle of the 'National Programme for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care' (PMAQ-AB) in Brazil. A cross-sectional descriptive analysis was performed, across 23 dental procedures comprising preventive, restorative/prosthetic, surgical, endodontic and oral cancer monitoring. Descriptive analysis shows that most of the oral health teams carry out basic dental procedures. However, most of the time, they do not keep adequate records of suspected cases of oral cancer, diagnosis tests or follow-ups, and do not perform dental prosthetic procedures. Data also showed disparities in the average number of procedures performed in each Brazilian geographical region in 2013-2014, ranging from 13.9 in the northern to 16.5 in the southern and south-eastern regions, reinforcing the great social disparities between them. Brazilian regions with the highest volume of dental needs deliver the lowest number of dental procedures. The need to expand the supply of prostheses and the early diagnosis of oral cancer in primary health care (PHC) is evident.

Exodontias no Sistema Único de Saúde em Minas Gerais: uma série temporal de 15 anos / Tooth extraction in the Brazilian Health System, Minas Gerais state: a 15-year time-series

Objetivo: Avaliar a tendência histórica de extrações dentárias no Estado de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 1998 e 2012. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de série temporal de exodontias de dentes permanentes no Estado de Minas Gerais, tendo sido os dados coletados no Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do Sistema Único de Saúde em 2013. Duas taxas de exodontias foram calculadas, ano a ano. A primeira refere-se à razão entre número total de exodontias de dentes permanentes dividida por todos os procedimentos preventivos, restauradores e cirúrgicos da atenção primária. A segunda foi a razão entre o número total de exodontias de dentes permanentes pelo número de habitantes. A análise estatística envolveu a construção de curvas de tendência histórica. Resultados: As duas taxas de exodontias comportaram-se de maneira errática no período avaliado. Houve uma ligeira tendência de aumento na taxa de exodontias por procedimentos da atenção primária e ligeira tendência de redução na taxa de exodontias pela população do Estado de Minas Gerais. Conclusão: As ligeiras tendências de aumento ou redução das taxas de exodontias revelam que as mesmas permaneceram constantes no período avaliado no Estado de Minas Gerais.(AU)

Aim: To evaluate the time-series of permanent tooth extraction in the state of Minas Gerais between the years 1998 and 2012. Methods: This is a timeseries study of permanent tooth extraction in the state of Minas Gerais. Data were collected in the Brazilian National Health Information System in 2013. Two annual rates of tooth extraction were calculated. The first was the ratio of the extractions of permanent teeth in relation to the total number of individual dental procedures in primary care. The second was the ratio of the number of extractions of permanent teeth divided by the total population. The statistical analysis of the time series was performed. Results: The two extractions rates behaved erratically during the study period. There was a slight tendency to increase in tooth extraction rate via primary care procedures and slight downward trend in tooth extraction rate in Minas Gerais state population. Conclusions: The slightly tendency in increase or decrease of the tooth extraction rates reveal that they remained constant in this period in the state of Minas Gerais.(AU)

Percepções sobre a saúde bucal e o atendimento odontológico entre sujeitos em processo de transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas / Perceptions of oral health and dental care among subjects under hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer e avaliar as percepções sobre saúde bucal e cuidado odontológico entre pessoas transplantadas de células tronco hematopoiéticas. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais com indivíduos na fase pós transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas, de ambos os sexos e maiores de dezoito anos que realizavam tratamento odontológico na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais entre o segundo semestre de 2014 e o primeiro semestre de 2015. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas por um mesmo pesquisador, respeitando a grafia e sintaxe utilizadas pelos entrevistados. A análise das entrevistas foi baseada na análise de conteúdo temática e três temas foram avaliados: o que é saúde bucal, por que o tratamento odontológico pré-transplante foi realizado e qual a importância do tratamento odontológico para o transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas. A saúde bucal é percebida como o ato de cuidar dos dentes por meio das normas de higiene bucal. O motivo da realização do tratamento odontológico prévio envolve exigências normativas para o transplante e, quando questionados sobre a importância do tratamento odontológico para o transplante o discurso dos entrevistados abarca a prevenção de infecções durante a fase de baixa imunidade. Observa-se que os indivíduos veem o tratamento odontológico como uma etapa a ser seguida antes do transplante e que sua preocupação principal não seria reestabelecer sua saúde bucal e sim, terminar o tratamento o quanto antes for possível

This study aimed to know and evaluate the perception about oral health and oral health care among patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cells transplantation. Semistructured individual interviews were conducted with individuals in the post-transplant phase of hematopoietic stem cells, of both genders and over 18 years old that were undergoing treatment at dentistry school of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, between the second semester of 2014 and the first semester of 2015. All interviews were recorded and transcribed by a same researcher, maintaining the spelling and syntax used by respondents. The data analysis was based on content analysis and three topics were evaluated: what oral health is, why pre-transplant dental treatment was performed and the importance of dental treatment for the transplant of hematopoietic stem cells. Oral health is perceived as the act of taking care of teeth through oral hygiene procedures. The reason for the oral care involves regulatory requirements for transplantation, and when asked about the importance of dental treatment for transplant, interviewed focus on the prevention of infections during the period of low immunity. It is observed that individuals see dental treatment as a step to be followed before the transplant and that their main concern was not a better oral health but, instead to complete the treatment as soon as possible

Redução de danos e saúde da família: conhecimento de profissionais de saúde em três regionais do DF/Brasil / Harm reduction and family health: knowledge of health professionals in three regions of Brazil’s Federal District

Introdução: Redução de Danos é uma estratégia da saúde pública que busca reduzir os danos à saúde em consequência de práticas de risco. Estas ações são desenvolvidas pelo Projeto de Redução de Danos (PRD) do Distrito Federal desde 1999. O Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) visa reorganizar a prática da atenção à saúde em novas bases voltadas à comunidade, levando, assim, a atenção à saúde para mais perto da família. Objetivos: Avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos profissionais do Programa Saúde da Família de três Regionais de Saúde, quanto às ações de redução de danos em grupos de risco. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional com 143 profissionais do Programa Saúde da Família das regionais do Gama, Guará e Recanto das Emas, utilizando para isso um questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados. Resultados: Destaca-se que a maioria dos entrevistados (77,6 por cento) desconhece o PRD; mais de 65 por cento nunca tiveram contato com os redutores de danos e mais de dois terços não procuram informações sobre esta estratégia. Conclusão: Os profissionais que trabalham no PSF carecem de informações sobre redução de danos. A atuação mais integrada entre estas práticas de saúde pode contribuir para minimizar danos em populações de risco no Distrito Federal. Palavras-chave: Redução de danos; Saúde da família; Usuários de drogas injetáveis.

Introduction: Harm Reduction is a public health strategy that aims to minimize adverse outcomes caused by high risk behaviors. These activities have been developed as part of the Harm Reduction Project (HRP) of Brasília, Federal District of Brazil since 1999. The Family Health Program (FHP) intends to reorganize the way health care is delivered, with a strong focus on the community. Its goal is to bring health care closer to each family. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of knowledge of the FHP professionals regarding harm reduction activities among groups presenting high risk behaviors in three regions of the Federal District. Method: A questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. The study population comprised 143 professionals working at the Family Health Program in the regions of Gama, Guará and Recanto das Emas. Results: The majority of the professionals (77.6 percent) were not aware of the Harm Reduction Project; more than 65 percent of them have never had any contact with those involved in the Project and more than two thirds of the interviewees don’t look for information about this public health strategy. Conclusion: The FHP professionals need more information about harm reduction activities. These two health actions may be in a better position to minimize the occurrence of adverse health outcomes among groups presenting higher risk behaviors if they work in an integrated and complementary way.