The Effects of Vegan Diet on Fetus and Maternal Health: A Review.

Veganism, a way of eating that forbids goods produced from animals, is rising in acceptance around the globe. This thorough analysis investigates how a vegan diet affects fetal growth during pregnancy, highlighting the need to maintain ideal maternal nutrition. The idea of "early life programming" emphasizes how a pregnant woman's lifestyle impacts her unborn child's health. Nutrient consumption during pregnancy makes it essential to have a healthy eating routine. While a carefully thought-out vegan diet may contain all the essential nutrients, some micronutrients need special attention, which may call for supplementation. The study delves into significant findings concerning nutritional adequacy and challenges in the discussion section, highlighting nutrients like calcium, iron, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and protein. It emphasizes medical professionals' need to monitor and assist vegan expectant mothers in meeting their nutritional needs. The analysis also examines the intricate connection between a mother's health and the outcomes of vegan pregnancies, such as decreased rates of gestational diabetes and hypertension. Examining fetal growth and development further highlights the complexity of this process, as do the contradicting data on birth weights. Furthermore, early data suggest that infants born to vegan moms may benefit cognitively, but further studies are required to prove a causal relationship. In addressing ethical and environmental issues in the review's conclusion, it is acknowledged that these aspects impact pregnant women's food decisions. Given the rising popularity of veganism, it is crucial to offer trustworthy advice to expectant women who are thinking about or already following a vegan diet.

A Periodic Case of Maxillo-Nasal Dysplasia or Binder Syndrome Successfully Operated With Bilateral Le Fort II Osteotomy With Distraction Osteogenesis.

Binder syndrome (BS) is an uncommon congenital disorder affecting the face. The condition, which also goes by the names naso-maxillary hypoplasia (NMH) and maxilla-facial dysplasia (MFD), causes the central face to develop inward and may also affect the upper jaw and the nose. A 19-year-old male with a known case of BS presented with a complaint of poor esthetics since birth. Previously, the patient was admitted to a private hospital where he was operated on for cleft lip and palate in the years 2003 and 2005. In 2017, he visited the dental clinic where the orthodontic treatment started for poor esthetics, and then he was referred to the oral surgery ward for surgical intervention. For about five years, he has been undergoing orthodontic treatment. A physical examination of the oral cavity was done and the physician suggested a CT scan of the brain. Recently, the patient underwent bilateral Le Fort II osteotomy with distraction osteogenesis under general anesthesia which repaired the patient's esthetics.

Mucormycotic osteomyelitis of maxilla post-COVID patient: a case report.

Fungal osteomyelitis is a life-threatening and seldom seen opportunistic infection. It is commonly an affectation of the nose and paranasal sinuses within the orofacial region. It is an aggressive infection that needs to be addressed promptly to prevent fatal consequences. The mode of infection is via the inhalation route and infection begins initially in the nose and paranasal sinuses with subsequent invasion into the vascular tissue, eventually leading to thrombosis and necrosis of nearby hard and soft tissues. Here, we report a case of a 31-year-old male who presented with pain over the upper jaw that was sudden in onset, continuous, dull aching, radiating towards forehead and neck of the left side, aggravates on mastication and relives on its own. He had a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. On further investigation, using diagnostic and Interventional aids, a final diagnosis of mucormycotic osteomyelitis of the maxilla was made.

Prevalence Rate of Hepatitis C Among the Solid Waste Handler in Wardha City.

INTRODUCTION: Solid waste workers are exposed to an extended variety of occupational hazards. Among these hazards is the infection from hepatitis A, B, or C viruses (HAV, HBV, or HCV). This relationship has been the study subject of many researchers around the world, given that the infection of hepatitis viruses is a significant cause of morbidity and a socio-economic burden. Solid waste handlers are usually at significant risk for multiple injuries and illnesses, including HIV and hepatitis, due to waste exposure to contaminated needles or sharp items that may contribute to the spread of the disease. A research in Brazil revealed that 12.8% of HBV exposure is prevalent in municipal solid waste handlers. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence rate of hepatitis C among the solid waste handler in selected areas and associate the findings with selected demographic variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was used as a cross-sectional research design. Hundred solid waste handlers participated in the study. The prevalence of hepatitis C was checked by the blood sampling and use method: HCV Ab Rapid Test. Data were analyzed using the IBM Corp. Released 2016. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Qualitative variables were described as numbers and percentages. Chi-square exact test was used for comparison between groups, as a quantitative variable was described as mean (± SD) and median. RESULTS: 10 (10%) of the waste handlers were reactive to hepatitis C virus, and 90 (90%) of the waste handlers were non-reactive to hepatitis C virus. The mean was 1.92 ± 0.27 for the prevalence of hepatitis C among solid waste handlers. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of hepatitis C is revealed, particularly in people who have more working experience, exposure, and who do not use personal protective equipment while working around hepatitis C infected people. It is recommended that all the solid waste handlers use proper personal protective equipment, go for routine health check-ups, and should be trained on handling waste to reduce morbidity.