Salud mental y calidad de sueño en los docentes de educación básica regular / Mental health and sleep quality in regular basic education teachers / Saúde mental e qualidade do sono em professores da educação básica regular

La mala calidad de sueño afecta la salud física y mental, por lo que dormir lo suficiente ayuda a activar la mente y prevenir problemas de salud. Objetivo. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar la salud mental y la calidad de sueño durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. Materiales y método. Se aplicaron tres encuestas en línea (HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) y PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) a 203 profesores de la región de Puno entre damas y varones (102 varones y 101 mujeres) con edades de 25 años hasta 58 años (Edad promedio = 39,19 ±5,47 años), los mismos que cumplieron el aislamiento social obligatorio. Resultados. Los niveles de ansiedad identificados en el estudio fueron altos, el 55,88 % de los varones y el 60,40 % de las mujeres presentan trastornos de depresión; el 77,45 % de los varones y el 70,30 % de las mujeres presentan trastornos de ansiedad y el 47, 06 % de los varones y el 44,55 % de las mujeres presentan una pobre calidad de sueño. Conclusiones. Estos factores afectan a la salud mental de la población por lo que es necesario abordar los problemas de salud mental de las personas durante esta pandemia de COVID-19.

Poor sleep quality affects physical and mental health, so getting enough sleep helps to activate the mind and prevent health problems. Objective. The purpose of this study was to identify mental health and sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Method. Three online surveys (HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were applied to 203 teachers in the Puno region between women and men (102 men and 101 women) aged 25 years to 58 years (mean age = 39.19 ±5.47 years), the same who met the mandatory social isolation. Results. The levels of anxiety identified in the study were high, 55.88 % of the males and 60.40 % of the females presented depressive disorders; 77.45 % of the males and 70.30 % of the females presented anxiety disorders and 47.06 % of the males and 44.55 % of the females presented poor sleep quality. Conclusions. These factors affect the mental health of the population so it is necessary to address the mental health problems of people during this pandemic of COVID-19.

A má qualidade do sono afeta a saúde física e mental, portanto, dormir o suficiente ajuda a ativar a mente e a prevenir problemas de saúde. Objetivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a saúde mental e a qualidade do sono durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Materiais e método. Três pesquisas on-line (HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) e PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) foram aplicadas a 203 professores e professoras da região de Puno (102 homens e 101 mulheres) com idades entre 25 e 58 anos (idade média = 39,19 ±5,47 anos), que completaram o isolamento social obrigatório. Resultados. Os níveis de ansiedade identificados no estudo eram altos, 55,88% dos homens e 60,40% das mulheres tinham distúrbios depressivos; 77,45% dos homens e 70,30% das mulheres tinham distúrbios de ansiedade e 47,06% dos homens e 44,55% das mulheres tinham má qualidade de sono. Conclusões. Estes fatores afetam a saúde mental da população e é necessário abordar os problemas de saúde mental das pessoas durante esta pandemia da COVID-19.

Racial Differences in the Influence of Risk Factors in Childhood on Left Ventricular Mass in Young Adulthood.

OBJECTIVE(S): To examine racial differences in the relationship between cardiovascular (CV) risk factors measured since age 10 years and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in adulthood in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal investigation with CV risk factors measured throughout childhood and LVMI measured in adulthood. In total, 556 black and white girls were recruited from schools in the greater Cincinnati area. Analyses examined traditional CV risk factors at baseline, follow-up, and over time (ie, area under the curve [AUC]). LVMI was collected with 2-dimensional guided echocardiographic imaging at a mean age of 25.7 ± 1.7 years. RESULTS: Black girls had higher adiposity and insulin and lower heart rate across time (all P < .05). Blacks had higher LVMI compared with whites in adulthood. Major determinants of young adult LVMI, were race, body mass index z score AUC, systolic blood pressure z score AUC, percent body fat by skin fold AUC, heart rate AUC, and an interaction between race and heart rate (model R2 = 0.40, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: The major determinants of LVMI in young female adults are race, adiposity, and systolic blood pressure.

Association of Blood Pressure Level With Left Ventricular Mass in Adolescents.

Hypertension is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), a risk factor for cardiovascular events. Since cardiovascular events in youth are rare, hypertension has historically been defined by the 95th percentile of the normal blood pressure (BP) distribution in healthy children. The optimal BP percentile associated with LVH in youth is unknown. We aimed to determine the association of systolic BP (SBP) percentile, independent of obesity, on left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and to estimate which SBP percentile best predicts LVH in youth. We evaluated SBP, anthropometrics, and echocardiogram in 303 adolescents (mean age 15.6 years, 63% white, 55% male) classified by SBP as low-risk (L=141, <80th percentile), mid-risk (M=71, 80-<90th percentile), or high-risk (H=91, ≥90th percentile) using the mean of 6 measurements at 2 visits according to the 2017 guidelines. Logistic regression was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of various SBP percentiles associated with LVH. Results: BP groups did not differ by age or demographics but differed slightly by body mass index. Mean BP, LVMI, and prevalence of LVH increased across groups (BP: L=111/75, M=125/82, and H=133/92 mm Hg; LVMI: L=31.2, M=34.2, and H=34.9 g/m2.7; LVH: L=13%, M=21%, H=27%, all P<0.03). SBP percentile remained a significant determinant of LVMI after adjusting for covariates. The 90th percentile for SBP resulted in the best balance between sensitivity and specificity for predicting LVH (LVMI≥38.6 g/m2.7). Abnormalities in cardiac structure in youth can be found at BP levels below those used to define hypertension.

SHIP-AHOY (Study of High Blood Pressure in Pediatrics: Adult Hypertension Onset in Youth).

Although hypertension is identifiable in children and adolescents, there are many knowledge gaps on how to best define and manage high blood pressure in the young. SHIP-AHOY (Study of High Blood Pressure in Pediatrics: Adult Hypertension Onset in Youth) is being conducted to address these knowledge gaps. Five hundred adolescents will be recruited and will undergo ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiographic, vascular, and cognitive assessments, as well as epigenetic studies to identify mechanisms that underlie the development of hypertensive target organ damage. Details of the design and methods that will be utilized in SHIP-AHOY are presented here, as well as baseline characteristics of the first 264 study participants. The primary aim of the study is to develop a risk-based definition of hypertension in the young that will result in better understanding of the transition from blood pressure in youth to adult cardiovascular disease.