RESUMO
The metal-support interfaces between metals and oxide supports have long been studied in catalytic applications, thanks to their significance in structural stability and efficient catalytic activity. The metal-rare earth oxide interface is particularly interesting because these early transition cations have high electrophilicity, and therefore good binding strength with Lewis basic molecules, such as H2O. Based on this feature, here we design a highly efficient composite Ni-Y2O3 catalyst, which forms abundant active Ni-NiOx-Y2O3 interfaces under the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction condition, achieving 140.6 µmolCO gcat-1 s-1 rate at 300 °C, which is the highest activity for Ni-based catalysts. A combination of theory and ex/in situ experimental study suggests that Y2O3 helps H2O dissociation at the Ni-NiOx-Y2O3 interfaces, promoting this rate limiting step in the WGS reaction. Construction of such new interfacial structure for molecules activation holds great promise in many catalytic systems.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND@#Natural anti-sense transcripts (NATs), which are transcribed from the complementary DNA strand of annotated genes, exert regulatory function of gene expression. Increasing studies recognized anti-sense transcription widespread throughout human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome, whereas the anti-sense transcription of RNA1.2 gene locus has never been investigated. In this study, the transcription of the RNA1.2 anti-sense strand was investigated in clinically isolated HCMV strain.@*METHODS@#Strand-specific high-through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to find possible anti-sense transcripts (ASTs). For analyzing and visualization of RNA-seq data sets, Integrative Genomics Viewer software was applied. To confirm these possibilities, Northern blotting and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were used.@*RESULTS@#Transcription of the opposite strand of RNA1.2 gene locus was detected by RNA-sequencing using RNAs extracted from human embryonic lung fibroblasts infected with HCMV clinical isolate HAN. At least three HCMV NATs, named RNA1.2 AST 1, RNA1.2 AST2, and RNA1.2 AST3, were characterized by Northern blotting and RACE analyses. These RNA1.2 ASTs orientated from the complementary strand of RNA1.2 locus during the late phase of HCMV infection. The 5'- and 3'-termini of these transcripts were located within the opposite sequence of the predicted RNA1.2 gene.@*CONCLUSION@#A cluster of novel NATs was transcribed from the opposite sequence of the HCMV RNA1.2 gene region.
RESUMO
Background@#Natural anti-sense transcripts (NATs), which are transcribed from the complementary DNA strand of annotated genes, exert regulatory function of gene expression. Increasing studies recognized anti-sense transcription widespread throughout human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome, whereas the anti-sense transcription of RNA1.2 gene locus has never been investigated. In this study, the transcription of the RNA1.2 anti-sense strand was investigated in clinically isolated HCMV strain.@*Methods@#Strand-specific high-through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to find possible anti-sense transcripts (ASTs). For analyzing and visualization of RNA-seq data sets, Integrative Genomics Viewer software was applied. To confirm these possibilities, Northern blotting and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were used.@*Results@#Transcription of the opposite strand of RNA1.2 gene locus was detected by RNA-sequencing using RNAs extracted from human embryonic lung fibroblasts infected with HCMV clinical isolate HAN. At least three HCMV NATs, named RNA1.2 AST 1, RNA1.2 AST2, and RNA1.2 AST3, were characterized by Northern blotting and RACE analyses. These RNA1.2 ASTs orientated from the complementary strand of RNA1.2 locus during the late phase of HCMV infection. The 5′- and 3′-termini of these transcripts were located within the opposite sequence of the predicted RNA1.2 gene.@*Conclusion@#A cluster of novel NATs was transcribed from the opposite sequence of the HCMV RNA1.2 gene region.