[Viferon ointment for prophylaxis of acute viral respiratory tract infection in children].

Three hundred and fifty children at the age of 3 months to 6 years under diverse social conditions were observed in dynamics for the periods of 1 to 3 years. The main tasks of the study were development of schemes and methods for prophylactic use of the Viferon ointment and estimation of its efficacy in acute viral respiratory tract infection. Season changes in the interferon genesis were revealed and no such dynamics in the children with frequent infections was shown. The ointment was applied according to the developed procedure intranasally in a daily dose of 1 g every day for the first 2 weeks and 3 times a week for the following 2-4 weeks. Interferon correctable and immunomodulating effects of the ointment were detected, the same as its favourable impact on the number of the acute respiratory tract infection cases including those under the conditions of the infant school adaptation. Its favourable effect was also observed in children with frequent infections during their immunorehabilitation. The most pronounced clinical and immunomodulating effects were revealed in young children.

[The effect of reaferon and alpha-tocopherol on lipid peroxidation in experimental influenza]. / Vliianie reaferona i alpha-tokoferola na protsessy perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov pri éksperimental'noi grippoznoi infektsii.

Reaferon administered to outbred young mice with experimental influenza had a positive effect on morphologic changes in pulmonary tissues and on lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma and pulmonary tissues. Combined use of reaferon and alpha-tocopherol in mice infected with influenza A virus reduced the mortality rate, boosted the antiviral effect of reaferon proper, and led to virtually complete normalization of lipid peroxidation processes in the blood plasma and pulmonary tissues.

[The natural killer activity and indices of the interferon status of patients with recurrent genital herpes being treated with ridostin]. / Aktivnost' estestvennykh killerov i pokazateli interferonovogo statusa u bol'nykh retsidiviruiushchim gerpesom genitalii pri lechenii ridostinom.

Natural killer cell activity (NK) in parallel with the interferon (IFN)-alpha and IFN-gamma production as well as with a level of IFN in the blood serum were studied in 15 patients with relapsing herpes genitalis (RHG). Rhidostin, well known as an IFN-alpha inducer, was used in a dose of 2 mg once daily for 3 days subcutaneously up to a total dose of 8 mg of the preparation. The NK cell activity and IFN-alpha production were shown to decrease in RHG more significantly in the stage of remission than during the relapse of the process. As a result of rhidostin therapy the NK cell activity was restored simultaneously with the positive clinical effect of the drug. Rhidostin was found to be an efficient modifier of the IFN system functioning in patients with RHG. The above data allow a conclusion that rhidostin exhibiting an independent antiviral and immunostimulating action might be useful in patients with a remission of RHG for prevention of its relapses.

[Potentiation of the antiviral activity of human interferons by virazole in in vitro experiments]. / Potentsirovanie antivirusnoi aktivnosti chelovecheskikh interferonov virazolom v opytakh in vitro.

Combination of interferon and virazole results in potentiation of their antiviral activity. This was demonstrated with all three types of natural interferons and the recombinant RL-2-interferon. This effect is retained at a temperature of 37 degrees C and increases when the chemical drug is combined with a mixture of alpha- and gamma-interferon.

[Formation of an acid-labile interferon induced in human leukocytes by the influenza virus]. / Obrazovanie kislotolabil'nogo interferona, indutsirovannogo v leikotsitakh krovi cheloveka virusom grippa.

Predominantly acid-labile interferon was produced by treatment with influenza virus (inducer) of a portion of leukocytes followed by their addition to the main cell pool. This interferon could be detected by treatment of the material with antiserum to the inducer virus and ultracentrifugation. This treatment completely eliminated the activity of the virus-inducer present in the material. Typing of the acid-labile interferon with the employment of antisera to alpha and gamma interferons demonstrated its belonging to the alpha type.

[Pharmacokinetics of interferon administered rectally]. / Farmakokinetika interferona pri rektal'nom vvedenii.

Human leukocyte and recombinant interferon administered rectally to rabbits in a dose of 10,000 units per kilo body weight was found in the blood serum within 30 min. A certain level of interferon persisted for 5 hours after which time it disappeared from the serum. Recombinant interferon was eliminated more rapidly than leukocyte interferon. Repeated administrations of interferon at 5-hour intervals increased the time of its presence in the serum. The rectal method of interferon administration was used clinically in infants under one year. Its pharmacokinetics did not differ from that after administration by other routes.

[Action of human leukocyte and immune interferons on the reproduction and cytopathogenic effect of the encephalomyocarditis virus in mice]. / Deistvie leikotsitarnogo i immunnogo interferonov cheloveka na reproduktsiiu i tsitopatogennyi éffekt virusa éntsefalomiokardita myshei.

A comparative study of the antiviral effect of human immune and leukocyte interferons in homologous diploid cells showed that the resistant condition of the cells produced by interferon depended on the type and concentration of the inhibitor, its presence in the culture medium and time of action on the cells. Reproduction of EMC virus and its cytopathic effect were inhibited to a much greater extent when the cells were treated with leukocyte interferon. The resistance of the cells in both cases was evident as early as one hour after their contact with interferon. The resistance of the cells induced by leukocyte interferon was of longer duration than after induction with immune interferon (greater than 72 h and approximately 48 h, respectively).

[Interferon-inducing activity of poly(I)-poly(C) and its complexes with polycations and their resistance to enzymatic degradation]. / Interferonindutsiruiushchaia aktivnost' poli(I)-poli(Ts) i ego kompleksov s polikationami i ikh ustoichivost' k fermentativnomu razrusheniiu.

The insoluble complexes of poly (I) . poly (C) with histones and poly-L-lysin have been obtained. These complexes are insoluble in isotonic solutions and have no admixtures of polycations. Resistance to enzymatic degradation, the melting point and sorption on the cells of the complexes obtained increase with the growth of the polycation amount in the complexes, while the interferon-inducing capacity reduces. Based on the obtained and reported data the conclusion is made that resistance to enzymatic degradation, the high melting point and the high sorption of the inductor on the cells are necessary but insufficient conditions for the induction of interferon synthesis. It is assumed that the inductor ability to make complexes with cellular proteins is the characteristics responsible for the interferon-inducing capacity of the inductor.