RESUMO
Karyotypes of Calomyscus from different regions of Turkmenistan, Iran, and Azerbaijan were studied using chromosome banding (G- and C-banding) and analyses of meiosis in laboratory hybrids. Extensive variation in the diploid number and the number of autosomal arms (FNa) was revealed (2n = 30, FNa = 44; 2n = 32, FNa = 42; 2n = 44, FNa = 46; 2n = 44, FNa = 58; 2n = 37, FNa = 44; 2n = 50, FNa = 50; 2n = 52, FNa = 56). Centric and tandem fusions and heterochromatin changes were identified as the major modes of karyotype evolution in this group. Natural hybrids between individuals with different karyotypes were recorded, and regular chromosome pairing in meiosis was observed in laboratory hybrids. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with a 353-bp BspRI complex tandem repeat indicated that chromosomal repatterning occurred recently within the genus. There is no unequivocal evidence suggesting the role of chromosomal change in the speciation of the populations of Calomyscus examined.
Assuntos
Bandeamento Cromossômico , Cricetinae/classificação , Cricetinae/genética , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Animais , Azerbaijão , Sequência de Bases , Desoxirribonucleases de Sítio Específico do Tipo II/metabolismo , Diploide , Feminino , Geografia , Heterocromatina/genética , Hibridização Genética/genética , Irã (Geográfico) , Cariotipagem , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Complexo Sinaptonêmico/genética , Sequências de Repetição em Tandem/genética , TurcomenistãoAssuntos
Testamentos Quanto à Vida/estatística & dados numéricos , Doente Terminal/estatística & dados numéricos , Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Atividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Coleta de Dados , Tomada de Decisões , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida/métodos , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida/psicologia , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida , Direito a Morrer , Doente Terminal/psicologia , Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento/psicologia , VirginiaRESUMO
The electrophoretic mobilities of 52 enzymes and proteins were used as measures of the genetic similarity between the sibling species Microtus arvalis and M. subarvalis. The two vole species differed in the electrophoretic mobilities of seven (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, diaphorase, lactate dehydrogenase-A, alpha-galactosidase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and hemoglobin) of these markers. This allowed us to accept the seven markers assayed as species-specific markers. Based on the frequency distribution of the genes at the polymorphic loci of M. arvalis and M. subarvalis, the degree of their genetic similarity was estimated as 0.312 and the genetic distance as 1.164 by Nei's formula. The estimates for genetic similarity were close to those obtained for species recognized as distinct.
