RESUMO
AIM: Blood group is an important risk factor for some malignancies, including pancreatic and stomach cancer. However, it is unclear whether the risk of breast cancer is higher in any specific ABO blood type. METHODS: We searched the electronic database of PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the VIP Chinese Journal of Science and Technology for case-control studies about blood type and breast cancer incidence, and a meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were eligible for assessment on the association of breast cancer with different blood types, including 9665 breast cancer patients and 244,768 controls. Relative to blood type O, women with blood type A (odds ratio (OR) = 1.115, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.992-1.254), B (OR = 0.983, 95% CI 0.915-1.056) and AB (OR = 1.042, 95% CI 0.881-1.231) had the same breast cancer risk. The risk for women with Rhesus-positive (Rh+) was the same as those with Rh-negative (Rh-) (OR = 0.948, 95% CI 0.667-1.348). Among Caucasians, the OR of blood type A was 1.066 (95% CI, 1.001-1.134, P = 0.522 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests Caucasians with blood type A may have a higher risk of breast cancer than other Caucasians. No association was found in any other blood type or any other population. Similarly, the Rh factor had no association with the risk of breast cancer.
Assuntos
Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos , Neoplasias da Mama/sangue , Sistema do Grupo Sanguíneo Rh-Hr , Neoplasias da Mama/etnologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
In practice, investigations for bone metastasis of breast cancer rely heavily on models in vivo. Lacking of such ideal model makes it difficult to study the whole process or accurate mechanism of each step of this metastatic disease. Development of xenograft mouse models has made great contributions in this area. Currently, the best animal model of breast cancer metastasizing to bone is NOD/SCID-hu models containing human bone, which makes it possible to let the breast cancer cells and the bone target of osteotropic metastasis be both of human origin. We have developed a novel mouse model containing both human bone and breast, and proved it functional and reliable. In this study, a set of human breast cancer cell line including MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231BO, MCF-7, ZR-75-1 and SUM1315 were characterized their osteotropism in this model. A specific cell line SUM1315 made species-specific bone metastasis, certifying the osteotropism-identification utility of the novel mouse model. Furthermore, gene expression and microRNA expression profiling analysis were done to the two SUM1315 derived sub lines isolated and purified from the orthotopic and metastatic xenograft. In addition, to demonstrate the disparity between the "spontaneous" and "forced" bone metastasis in mouse model, MDA-MB-231 cells were inoculated into both the human implants in this model simultaneously, and then primary cultured and profiling analyzed. Supported by overall results of profiling analyses, this study suggested the novel model was a useful tool for understanding, preventing and treating bone metastasis of breast cancer, meanwhile it had provided significant information for further investigations.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Cabeça do Fêmur/patologia , Microambiente Tumoral , Animais , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular , Feminino , Cabeça do Fêmur/metabolismo , Cabeça do Fêmur/transplante , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/genética , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/metabolismo , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos SCID , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Invasividade Neoplásica , Transplante de Neoplasias , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Transfecção , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Amphiregulin (AREG) and epiregulin (EREG) have been found to play pivotal roles in several malignancies. However, the correlation between their expression and clinicopathological factors in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is yet to be further investigated. To clarify the clinical significance of AREG and EREG expression in CRC, we detected serum and tissue levels of AREG and EREG. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We detected serum AREG and EREG levels by ELISA, and tissue levels by immunohistochemical test in 73 patients with CRC. The correlation between each independent clinicopathological characteristic and AREG and EREG levels was examined. RESULTS: There was significant correlation between serum AREG level and vascular invasion. There was no correlation between EREG serum level and any clinicopathological characteristics. Among the 73 primary lesions, 51 were AREG-positive, and 48 were EREG-positive. AREG-positive status was significantly correlated with depth of tumor invasion, distant metastases, and nerve invasion. EREG-positive status was significantly correlated with depth of tumor invasion and distant metastases. Coexpression analysis showed that 46 patients were both AREG-positive and EREG-positive. CONCLUSIONS: High serum and tissue levels of AREG and high tissue level of EREG are predictors of a poor prognosis in patients with CRC.
