RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of functional dependence in older Mexicans and associated chronic conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted between June and December 2004 in the Geriatric Department of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City. The data for the variables were obtained from the information in the National Study of Health and Aging in Mexico survey (ENASEM). The survey was based on the law for statistical and geographic information,Chapter V, Article 38. A total of 4,872 subjects from the national survey of aging and health in Mexico were asked about their need for help in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Presence of disease was obtained through self-reporting. RESULTS: Prevalence of functional dependence was 24 and 23% for BADL and IADL, respectively. Joint disease, cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment and depression were associated with dependency in BADL and IADL. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of functional dependence is high among Mexicans over 65 years old. This study shows the chronic conditions that are closely associated with functional dependence and provides a perspective in order to develop preventative measures.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and its association with socioeconomic factors and comorbidities in a population-based study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were examined from 4,605 persons ages 60 and older that participated in the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study, conducted in rural and urban communities in Mexico. The prevalence of obesity (according to self-reported weight and height) was obtained, stratified by age, and logistic regression was used to study cross-sectional associations between obesity and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS: Of the population studied, 20.9% were classified as obese and the prevalence diminishes with age. Overall, women were more likely than men to be obese. Lower educational level was associated with lower risk of overweight. In both men and women, obesity was more common between subjects with hypertension (OR 1.38 and 1.71, respectively) and long-distance walk limitation (OR 2.08 and 2.21, respectively). CONCLUSION: In older Mexican adults, hypertension and long-distance walk limitation were independent associated factors for higher prevalence of obesity.
Assuntos
Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Educação , Feminino , Nível de Saúde , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , CaminhadaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the elderly and its relation with sociodemographic and health factors in the Mexican population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the first wave data of the National Aging and Health Study, collected in 2001 in Mexico, subjects 65 years or older and who had completed a cognitive assessment were selected. Subjects were classified according to two groups: with and without cognitive impairment, based on the cutoff point corresponding to the 10th percentile of the total cognitive assessment score, adjusted for age and educational level. All subjects with cognitive impairment that also had difficulty with one of the activities of daily living were classified as a third group: with cognitive impairment and functional dependency. Prevalence rates were calculated, and an association with demographic and health variables was established through regression analysis. RESULTS: Seven percent of the population had cognitive impairment while 3.3% had both conditions. The probability of cognitive impairment was not significantly associated with any demographic or health variables. Cognitive impairment and functional dependency indicated an association with gender, age, marital status, diabetes, stroke, heart disease and depression. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of cognitive impairment and its relation with chronic disease frequently observed in the Mexican elderly suggest the need to increase early identification of both conditions in the population.
Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Educação , Feminino , Avaliação Geriátrica , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Estado Civil , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de dependencia funcional y las enfermedades crónicas que se le asocian. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio se realizó de junio a diciembre de 2004 en el Departamento de Geriatría del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, en México, DF. Los datos de las variables se obtuvieron de la información de la encuesta para el Estudio Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento en México (ENASEM), realizada con base en la Ley de Información Estadística y Geográfica,Capítulo V,Artículo 38.Se incluyó un total de 4 872 personas mayores de 65 años, a quienes se les interrogó sobre ayuda para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (AVD) y actividades instrumentales (AIVD) de la vida diaria; así como sobre la presencia de enfermedad crónica. RESULTADOS: De los mayores de 65 años, 24 por ciento resultó dependiente en AVD y 23 por ciento en AIVD. Las enfermedades crónicas relacionadas con dependencia funcional en actividades básicas e instrumentadas fueron las enfermedades articular y cerebrovascular, el deterioro cognitivo y la depresión. CONCLUSION: La prevalencia de dependencia funcional es alta enlos mayores de 65 años.Este estudio demuestra cuáles enfermedades crónicas están asociadas con la dependencia. Es necesario desarrollar medidas orientadas al tratamiento y prevención de estas entidades crónicas que se asociaron con dependencia funcional.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of functional dependence in older Mexicans and associated chronic conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted between June and December 2004 in the Geriatric Department of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City. The data for the variables were obtained from the information in the National Study of Health and Aging in Mexico survey (ENASEM).The survey was based on the law for statistical and geographic information,Chapter V,Article 38.A total of 4 872 subjects from the national survey of aging and health in Mexico were asked about their need for help in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Presence of disease was obtained through selfreporting. RESULTS: Prevalence of functional dependence was 24 and 23 percent for BADL and IADL, respectively. Joint disease, cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment and depression were associated with dependency in BADL and IADL. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of functional dependence is high among Mexicans over 65 years old. This study shows the chronic conditions that are closely associated with functional dependence and provides a perspective in order to develop preventative measures.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Atividades Cotidianas , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Fatores Etários , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Reportar la prevalencia de deterioro cognoscitivo en el adulto mayor y su relación con factores sociodemográficos y de salud en la población mexicana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Del Estudio Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento en México (ENASEM), realizado en el año 2001 en toda la República Mexicana, se seleccionaron todos los sujetos mayores de 65 años que hubieran completado la evaluación cognoscitiva, los cuales se clasificaron en dos grupos: presencia/ausencia de deterioro cognoscitivo, tomando como referencia el punto de corte correspondiente al percentil 10 de la puntuación total en la prueba cognoscitiva aplicada por edad y escolaridad. Todos los sujetos con deterioro cognoscitivo que además presentaron dificultad en, por lo menos, una actividad instrumental de la vida diaria fueron clasificados en un tercer grupo: con deterioro cognoscitivo más dependencia funcional. Se calcularon las prevalencias de deterioro cognoscitivo y de deterioro cognoscitivo más dependencia funcional y se analizó la asociación con las variables sociodemográficas y de salud, mediante el análisis de regresión logística. RESULTADOS: Del total de la población analizada, 7 por ciento tuvo deterioro cognoscitivo y 3.3 por ciento tuvo deterioro cognoscitivo más dependencia funcional. No se encontró asociación entre las variables sociodemográficas y de salud y la probabilidad de deterioro cognoscitivo; sin embargo, la probabilidad de deterioro cognoscitivo más dependencia funcional fue mayor en las mujeres, aumentó con la edad, fue menor en los sujetos casados y se asoció con la presencia de diabetes, enfermedad cerebral, enfermedad cardiaca y depresión. CONCLUSIONES: La alta prevalencia del deterioro cognoscitivo en lapoblación mexicana, y su relación con enfermedades crónicas frecuentes en la vejez, señala la importancia que tiene la identificación temprana de ambas condiciones en la población adulta mayor.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the elderly and its relation with sociodemographic and health factors in the Mexican population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the first wave data of the National Aging and Health Study, collected in 2001 in Mexico, subjects 65 years or older and who had completed a cognitive assessment were selected. Subjects were classified according to two groups: with and without cognitive impairment, based on the cutoff point corresponding to the 10th percentile of the total cognitive assessment score, adjusted for age and educational level. All subjects with cognitive impairment that also had difficulty with one of the activities of daily living were classified as a third group: with cognitive impairment and functional dependency. Prevalence rates were calculated, and an association with demographic and health variables was established through regression analysis. RESULTS: Seven percent of the population had cognitive impairment while 3.3 percent had both conditions. The probability of cognitive impairment was not significantly associated with any demographic or health variables. Cognitive impairment and functional dependency indicated an association with gender, age, marital status, diabetes, stroke, heart disease and depression. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of cognitive impairment and its relation with chronic disease frequently observed in the Mexican elderly suggest the need to increase early identification of both conditions in the population.
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Fatores Etários , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Educação , Avaliação Geriátrica , Nível de Saúde , Modelos Logísticos , Estado Civil , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and its association with socioeconomic factors and comorbidities in a population-based study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were examined from 4 605 persons ages 60 and older that participated in the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study, conducted in rural and urban communities in Mexico. The prevalence of obesity (according to self-reported weight and height) was obtained, stratified by age, and logistic regression was used to study cross-sectional associations between obesity and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS: Of the population studied, 20.9 percent were classified as obese and the prevalence diminishes with age. Overall, women were more likely than mentobe obese. Lower educational level was associated with lower risk of overweight. In both men and women, obesity was more common between subjects with hypertension (OR 1.38 and 1.71, respectively) and long-distance walk limitation (OR 2.08 and 2.21, respectively). CONCLUISON: In older Mexican adults, hypertension and long-distance walk limitation were independent associated factors for higher prevalence of obesity.
OBJETIVO: Estudiar la prevalencia de obesidad y su asociación con factores socioeconómicos y comorbilidades. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron los datos de 4 605 personas de 60 años y más que participaron en el Estudio Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento en México 2001 (ENASEM 2001) en zonas rurales y urbanas. La prevalencia de obesidad (peso y talla autorreportados) se obtuvo estratificada por edad y mediante una regresión logística se asoció con factores socioeconómicos. RESULTADOS: 20.9 por ciento se clasificaron como obesos y la prevalencia disminuyó con la edad. En general las mujeres tuvieron mayor probabilidad de ser obesas. Una baja escolaridad se asoció con menor riesgo de sobrepeso. En hombres y mujeres la obesidad se asoció con hipertensión (RM 1.38 y 1.71 respectivamente) y con dificultad para caminar (RM 2.08 y 2.21 respectivamente). CONCLUSION: En la población de edad avanzada en México la hipertensión y la dificultad para caminar varias cuadras se asoció con mayor prevalencia de obesidad.