RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess 30-day morbidity and mortality rates following cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease and identify the factors associated with complications. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although cholecystectomy is common for benign gallbladder disease, there is a gap in the knowledge of the current practice and variations on a global level. METHODS: A prospective, international, observational collaborative cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease from participating hospitals in 57 countries between January 1 and June 30, 2022, was performed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify preoperative and operative variables associated with 30-day postoperative outcomes. RESULTS: Data of 21,706 surgical patients from 57 countries were included in the analysis. A total of 10,821 (49.9%), 4,263 (19.7%), and 6,622 (30.5%) cholecystectomies were performed in the elective, emergency, and delayed settings, respectively. Thirty-day postoperative complications were observed in 1,738 patients (8.0%), including mortality in 83 patients (0.4%). Bile leaks (Strasberg grade A) were reported in 278 (1.3%) patients and severe bile duct injuries (Strasberg grades B-E) were reported in 48 (0.2%) patients. Patient age, ASA physical status class, surgical setting, operative approach and Nassar operative difficulty grade were identified as the five predictors demonstrating the highest relative importance in predicting postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: This multinational observational collaborative cohort study presents a comprehensive report of the current practices and outcomes of cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease. Ongoing global collaborative evaluations and initiatives are needed to promote quality assurance and improvement in cholecystectomy.
RESUMO
La coledocolitiasis puede ocurrir hasta en el 15% de los casos de colelitiasis. En la era moderna de la colecistectomía laparoscópica se ha planteado un debate sobre el manejo de la coledocolitiasis previo a la realización del procedimiento quirúrgico. Varios estudios han investigado el uso de criterios preoperatorios, como las pruebas de función hepática, los hallazgos ecográficos y la clínica del paciente, para predecir el riesgo de cálculos en el colédoco. Los resultados varían un poco entre los estudios y de ellos se han desprendido diferentes esquemas y algoritmos para orientar el manejo, dentro del cual se incluyen técnicas tradicionales de cirugía abierta y las endoscópicas y laparoscópicas de más reciente aparición.
Choledocholithiasis may occur in up to 15% of cases of cholelithiasis. A debate has been posed in the modern era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on how to handle choledocholithiasis before conducting the surgical procedure. Several studies have analyzed the use of preoperative criteria, such as liver function tests, ultrasound and clinical findings of the patient, in order to predict the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. Results vary between studies and different regimes and algorithms to guide management have derived from them, including traditional open surgery techniques and most recent endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques.
