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Br J Pharmacol ; 153(3): 448-58, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18037918

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chlorthalidone is used for the treatment of hypertension as it produces a lengthening of the cardiac action potential. However, there is no experimental evidence that chlorthalidone has electrophysiological effects on the potassium currents involved in cardiac repolarization. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Ventricular myocytes and oocytes, transfected with human ionic channels that produce IK current, were exposed to different concentrations of chlorthalidone. Action potentials and potassium currents were recorded using a patch clamp technique. To determine which component of the current was affected by chlorthalidone, human channel proteins (hERG, minK and KvLQT1) were used. KEY RESULTS: Chlorthalidone prolonged the ventricular action potential at 50 and 90% by 13 and 14%, respectively. The cardiac potassium currents I(to) and IK(1) were not affected by chlorthalidone at any concentration, whereas the delayed rectifier potassium current, IK, was blocked in a dose-response, voltage-independent fashion. In our preparation, 100 microM chlorthalidone blocked the two components of the delayed rectifier potassium current with the same potency (50.1+/-5% for IK(r) and 54.6+/-6% for IK(s)) (n=7, P<0.05). The chlorthalidone-sensitive current was slow and saturated at potentials greater than +30 mV. In our conditions only the KvLQT1 potassium current was affected by the drug, by 14%. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Chlorthalidone was demonstrated to have a direct effect on cardiac ventricular myocytes; it blocked the delayed rectifier potassium current (IK), specifically the KvLQT1 component of the potassium current. These results indicate that it has potential for use as an antiarrhythmic but further studies are needed.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Clortalidona/farmacologia , Canal de Potássio KCNQ1/antagonistas & inibidores , Potenciais de Ação/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Clortalidona/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Canal de Potássio ERG1 , Eletrofisiologia , Canais de Potássio Éter-A-Go-Go/efeitos dos fármacos , Canais de Potássio Éter-A-Go-Go/metabolismo , Cobaias , Ventrículos do Coração/citologia , Humanos , Miócitos Cardíacos/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Oócitos/metabolismo , Canais de Potássio de Abertura Dependente da Tensão da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Canais de Potássio de Abertura Dependente da Tensão da Membrana/metabolismo , Xenopus laevis
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