Expression and implication of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and the biological behaviors of prostate carcinoma (PCa).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of COX-2 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR method in 32 samples of PCa and the COX-2/GAPDH value was determined. Seven normal prostate tissues were served as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of COX-2 mRNA in normal tissue of 7 control cases was all negative. There was statistical correlation between the COX-2/GAPDH and the Gleason scores of PCa. There also showed statistical correlation between the COX-2/GAPDH and the stages of PCa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>COX-2 mRNA play an important role in occurrence and progression of the PCa. COX-2 is a tumor marker which may be the possible prognostic factor of PCa.</p>

Combined treatment applied to advanced cancer of abdominal cryptorchidism (report of 12 cases) / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the treatment of advanced cancer of abdominal cryptorchidism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The combined method, including preoperation chemotherapy + surgery + postoperation radiotherapy and chemotherapy, was used to treat 12 cases of the advanced cancer of abdominal cryptorchidism and the effects were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients recovered smoothly without complications of operation. The side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was very slight. Eleven out of 12 cases were followed up. All 11 cases survived and had no recurrence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of combined method to treat advanced cancer of abdominal cryptorchidism is very perfect.</p>

Combination of laparoscopic and open procedure in dismembered pyeloplasty: report of 51 cases / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty with less trauma than open surgery is commonly performed for ureteropelvic junction obstruction despite a longer operating time and a long learning curve. We describe in this paper a new technique, which combines laparoscopic and open procedure in dismembered pyeloplasty, that we have developed in 51 patients and achieved excellent results.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The surgical procedure can be divided into two steps: laparoscopic dissection of the renal pelvis and proximal ureter transperitoneally; then accomplishing the pyeloplasty through the extended port incision above the ureteropelvic junction as in open surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 51 operations were successful without conversion to open surgery. No intraoperative complications were observed. The operating time was 40 minutes to 90 minutes with an average of 57.5 minutes. The estimated blood loss was 15 ml to 30 ml with an average of 21.2 ml. Aberrant artery vessel and primary stricture as the cause of ureteropelvic junction obstruction was noted in 2 and 49 patients, respectively. Thirty-nine patients had fever to differing extents in the 4 days postoperation and no severe infection was observed. Four patients had urinary leakage with their drains being retained for 6 days, 6 days, 5 days or 8 days after the operation. The mean followup was 10.8 months (range 3 months to 36 months). The followup showed good results with symptom resolution in all the patients. Renal ultrasonography demonstrated that the average separation of the collecting systems decreased from preoperative 2.7 cm (range 2.0 cm to 4.7 cm) to postoperative 1.5 cm (range 1.0 cm to 2.3 cm). Excretory urography at 3 months postoperatively showed improved drainage. Of the 51 patients, 35 underwent two or more excretory urograms, demonstrating stable renal function, improved drainage and no evidence of recurrent obstruction. At the last followup visit, each patient was doing well.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Combination of laparoscopic and open procedure in dismembered pyeloplasty offers a simpler, timesaving method in a minimally invasive fashion with low morbidity for patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Ensuring quality of repair, the method provides a minimally invasive alternative with good results. It is worth future clinical application.</p>

Bulbar myasthenia gravis:a clinical analysis of 166 patients / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of bulbar myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods Retrospective review was performed on 166 patients with bulbar type of myasthenia gravis, diagnosed at Tongji Hospital in the period of May 1983 through October 2005.Results Bulbar MG was a relatively rare type of MG,accounting for 5.7% (166/2888) of MG classifications.Females were more often affected than males (the ratio of male:female was 1:1.35).The peak of onset age was at 20—40 years.The incidence of myasthenia crisis in the group was 26.5% (44/166).Myasthenic crisis occurred in 10.8% (18/166) of the bulbar MG patients within 6 months after onset,resulting in a mortality rate of 6.0% (10/166) in the group.Out of the group,30 cases experienced puhnonary infections (18.1%). Thirty cases were initially misdiagnosed as other diseases such as nasopharyngeal disorders (33/166, 19.9%).The routine therapy was not very satisfactory.Median dose cyclophosphamide therapy appeared to be effective for ameliorating refractory MG.Thymectomy was performed in 25 patients,with optimistic efficacy rate up to 80.0% (20/25) in a 3-year follow-up.Conclusions The clinical analysis in the current study suggested that the bulbar MG had its own characteristics in such aspects as progression of the disease, complications,treatment and prognosis.The information of the clinical manifestations presented in this study may be useful in diagnosing and treating bulbar MG.