Hydrochemistry dynamics in a glacierized headwater catchment of Lhasa River, Tibetan Plateau.

Mountain glaciers are essential for supplying water resources that sustain downstream communities and livelihoods, yet the hydrogeochemical dynamics at glacier terminals and the impact of glacier retreat on downstream water chemistry are not fully understood. This study addresses this by conducting comprehensive observations and analysis of water chemistry at refined spatial and temporal resolutions in the Lhasa River Valley Glacier No. 1 (LRVG-1) catchment, a vital source of drinking and irrigation water for the local population on the Tibetan Plateau. Our findings reveal a weakly alkaline water environment within this glacierized basin, with HCO3- and Ca2+ as the dominant anions and cations, respectively, resulting in a hydrochemical pattern classified as HCO3--Ca2+ type. Solute concentrations increase along the glacier meltwater pathway, influenced by water-rock interaction, dilution, and diverse sources. The cations are predominantly from carbonate weathering, constituting 72.86 % of the total cations, followed by sulfide oxidation (11.08 %), glacier meltwater inputs (8.13 %), and silicate weathering (7.93 %). The contribution of cations from glacier meltwater diminishes as they travel along the glacier meltwater flow pathway. Our study indicates the localized yet significant impact of glacier meltwater on hydrochemistry, particularly in the vicinity of the glacier terminus. We recommend considering glacial meltwater and the entire glacier watershed as a continuum, essential for understanding the cumulative effects of glacier melt and human activities on water quality. This perspective is crucial for predicting future river chemistry trajectories in high-mountain basins and informing policy-making for water quality conservation across the Tibetan Plateau.

Correlation between vaccination doses and duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests among COVID-19 patients / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during omicron epidemic.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 26 to December 31, 2022 among COVID-19 patients from all community health service centers in 16 districts of Beijing municipality selected by multi-stage stratified cluster quota sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the basic information, vaccination doses, results of nucleic acid or antigen tests of all subjects. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the doses of COVID-19 vaccination: the non-vaccination group, the 1, 2, 3 and 4 doses vaccination group. The relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results:A total of 10 506 COVID-19 cases were included in the study with the age of (43.3±13.7) years. The duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was longer than 7 days in 59.4%(276/465), 51.5%(67/130), 50.6%(355/701), 46.1% (3 464/7 520) and 39.2%(662/1 690) of non-vaccination, and 1, 2, 3, 4 dose vaccination groups, respectively ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with non-vaccination patients, the vaccination dose was an independent protective factor for duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests>7 days, and the OR values were 0.7 (95% CI 0.5-0.9, P=0.015), 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.8, P<0.001) and 0.5 (95% CI 0.4-0.6, P<0.001) for 2, 3 and 4 doses of vaccination, respectively. Conclusion:The vaccination doses are independently related to the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in COVID-19 patients and the risk is gradually decreases with the increasing vaccination doses.

Spatial and temporal expression pattern of somatostatin receptor 2 in mouse / 生物工程学报

Somatostatin (SST) is an inhibitory polypeptide hormone that plays an important role in a variety of biological processes. Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) is the most widely expressed somatostatin receptor. However, the specific cell types expressing Sstr2 in the tissues have not been investigated. In this study, we detected the expression pattern of SSTR2 protein in mouse at different development stages, including the embryonic 15.5 days and the postnatal 1, 7, 15 days as well as 3 and 6 months, by multicolour immunofluorescence analyses. We found that Sstr2 was expressed in some specific cells types of several tissues, including the neuronal cells and astrocytes in the brain, the mesenchymal cells, the hematopoietic cells, the early hematopoietic stem cells, and the B cells in the bone marrow, the macrophages, the type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells, and the airway ciliated cells in the lung, the epithelial cells and the neuronal cells in the intestine, the hair follicle cells, the gastric epithelial cells, the hematopoietic stem cells and the nerve fibre in the spleen, and the tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. This study identified the specific cell types expressing Sstr2 in mouse at different developmental stages, providing new insights into the physiological function of SST and SSTR2 in several cell types.

Knockdown of DAPK1 attenuates IL-1B-induced extracellular matrix degradation and inflammatory response in osteoarthritis chondrocytes via regulating the p38 MAPK-signaling pathway

Objective To reveal the possible effects of death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) on the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and the potential underlying mechanism. Methods : The expression of DAPK1 in OA and normal samples and interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated chondrocytes was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Immunoblot assay. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis in DAPK1-knockdown cells stimulated with IL-1β were detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) solution, 5-ethynyl-2β-deoxyuridine staining and flow cytometry. The chondrocyte degradation and inflammatory response in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes were investigated by Immunoblot analysis and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. In addition, the effect of DAPK1 on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation was analyzed by immunoblot assay. Results : This study revealed that DAPK1 was highly expressed in OA patients and IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Down-regulation of DAPK1 enhanced IL-1β-induced chondrocyte proliferation. DAPK1 knockdown inhibited IL-1β-induced chondrocyte degradation. In addition, DAPK1 depletion inhibited IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation. Mechanically, it was revealed that down--regulation of DAPK1 could inhibit the p38 MAPK pathway, and therefore affected progression of OA. Conclusion : DAPK1 knockdown attenuates IL-1β-induced extracellular matrix degradation and inflammatory response in OA chondrocytes by regulating the p38 MAPK pathway (AU)

A clinical study on 17 patients with liver perivascular epithelioid cell tumors / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with liver perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa).Methods:The clinical manifestations, imaging findings, pathological features, treatment and prognosis of 17 patients with liver PEComa managed in Shenzhen People's Hospital from September 2002 to January 2020 were retrospectively analysed.Results:The patient age of onset of liver PEComa was 22 to 54 years (average 34.8 years). There were 13 females and 4 males. 82%(14/17) of patients presented with no significant symptoms. 15/17 had solitary tumors. The diagnostic rate using preoperative B-ultrasound, CT and MRI was low. Postoperative pathological studies showed the tumor cells were mainly epithelioid cells with hyaline or eosinophilic cytoplasm. There were abundant blood vessels in the tumor tissues. Adipose tissues were also seen. Immunohistochemistry showed both HMB45 and Melan-A positivities to arrive at the diagnosis. All patients were treated with surgical resection. There were no recurrence, metastasis, or death on follow-up.Conclusion:Hepatic PEComa occurred more frequently in young women and it had no specific clinical manifestations. Except for a small number of tumors with adipose tissue detected on preoperative imagings, this tumor was difficult to diagnose, or even be suspected on preoperative imagings. Pathological examination combined with immunohistochemistry after surgery established the diagnosis. Surgery resulted in good prognosis.

Urinalysis, but not blood biochemistry, detects the early renal-impairment in patients with COVID-19

BackgroundIn December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused infectious disease, termed COVID-19, outbroke in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 patients manifested as lung injury with complications in other organs, such as liver, heart, gastrointestinal tract, especially for severe cases. However, whether COVID-19 causes significant acute kidney injury (AKI) remained controversial. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, urine and blood routine tests and other laboratory parameters of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Union Hospital. Findings178 patients, admitted to Wuhan Union hospital from February 02 to February 29, 2020, were included in this study. No patient (0 [0%]) presented increased serum creatinine (Scr), and 5 (2.8%) patients showed increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), indicating few cases with "kidney dysfunction". However,for patients (83) with no history of kidney disease who received routine urine test upon hospitalization, 45 (54.2%) patients displayed abnormality in urinalysis, such as proteinuria, hematuria and leukocyturia, while none of the patients was recorded to have acute kidney injury (AKI) throughout the study. Meanwhile, the patients with abnormal urinalysis usually had worse disease progression reflecting by laboratory parameters presentations, including markers of liver injury, inflammation, and coagulation. ConclusionMany patients manifested by abnormal urinalysis on admission, including proteinuria or hematuria. Our results revealed that urinalysis is better in unveiling potential kidney impairment of COVID-19 patients than blood chemistry test and urinalysis could be used to reflect and predict the disease severity. We therefore recommend pay more attention in urinalysis and kidney impairment in COVID-19 patients.

Identification of a common deletion in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2

Two notable features have been identified in the SARS-CoV-2 genome: (1) the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2; (2) a unique insertion of twelve nucleotide or four amino acids (PRRA) at the S1 and S2 boundary. For the first feature, the similar RBD identified in SARs-like virus from pangolin suggests the RBD in SARS-CoV-2 may already exist in animal host(s) before it transmitted into human. The left puzzle is the history and function of the insertion at S1/S2 boundary, which is uniquely identified in SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we identified two variants from the first Guangdong SARS-CoV-2 cell strain, with deletion mutations on polybasic cleavage site (PRRAR) and its flank sites. More extensive screening indicates the deletion at the flank sites of PRRAR could be detected in 3 of 68 clinical samples and half of 22 in vitro isolated viral strains. These data indicate (1) the deletion of QTQTN, at the flank of polybasic cleavage site, is likely benefit the SARS-CoV-2 replication or infection in vitro but under strong purification selection in vivo since it is rarely identified in clinical samples; (2) there could be a very efficient mechanism for deleting this region from viral genome as the variants losing 23585-23599 is commonly detected after two rounds of cell passage. The mechanistic explanation for this in vitro adaptation and in vivo purification processes (or reverse) that led to such genomic changes in SARS-CoV-2 requires further work. Nonetheless, this study has provided valuable clues to aid further investigation of spike protein function and virus evolution. The deletion mutation identified in vitro isolation should be also noted for current vaccine development.

Comparison study on the differential expression of miRNAs in rat pulmonary fibrosis induced by nanosized SiO2 and microsized SiO2 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To explore the correlation between expression level of miRNAs and pulmonary fibrosis on the basis of comparison the differential expression of miRNAs in rat pulmonary fibrosis induced by nano SiO2 and micron SiO2.@*Methods@#Thirty-six healthy male SD rats weighting 180-220 g were randomly divided into 3 groups. They were instilled intratracheally with 1 ml suspension of saline, 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 and microsized SiO2 particles and sacrificed at 60 d and 90 d postexposure from each group with six rats. The change of pathological morphology and ultrastructure of lung were observed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. The differentially expressed microRNAs in lung tissue of the rats after instilled intrachcally nanosized SiO2 and microsized SiO2 particles at 60 d and 90 d were determined by Illumina HiSeq 2 000 sequencing technique. Target prediction for miRNAs was conducted by databases of Target-scan. Function-significant enrichment analysis and signal pathway analysis for predicted target genes were respectively conducted by the GO and the KEGG, then target genes related to pulmonary fibrosis were screened out.@*Results@#Light microscope examination showed that wide bronchi, vessels, interlobular septa and slight fibrous connective tissue proliferation at 60 d and 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 group. A few fused nodules at 30 d postexposure, a lot of fused nodules at 60 d postexposure, fibrous cell nodules and compensatory emphysema around alveolar at 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/mL microsized SiO2 group were observed. Electron microscopy demonstrated swelling and vacuolar degeneration of osmiophilic lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells, collagen fiber and elastic fiber hyperplasia in pulmonary interstitial at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 group. Increased and vacuoloid changed osmiophilic lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells, collagen fiber and elastic fiber hyperplasia in the interstitial at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml microsized SiO2 group were observed. Comparing to saline control group, the number of miRNA up-regulated expression was 50, 70, and down-regulated expression was 22 and 24 at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 group respectively. There were 91,70 miRNAs up-regulated expression and 34,78 miRNAs down-regulated expression at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml microscale SiO2 group. The common miRNA of differential up-regulated expression are miRNA-18a and miRNA-702-3p, down-regulated expression are miRNA-541, miRNA-127 and miRNA-379 both in nanosized SiO2 and microscale SiO2 group. The target genes related to pulmonary fibrosis were CTGF, IGF, BMP7, FGF7, TGF-β RIII, IGF1R and TGF-β1 respectively. Their biologic functions are to regulate signal pathway of TGF-β, MAPK and Wnt, and activation of fibroblast.@*Conclusion@#These findings suggested that same dose of nanosized SiO2 particles could cause mainly characterized by pulmonary interstitial fibrosis differing from silicotic nodule caused by microsized SiO2. miRNA-18a, miRNA-702-3p, miRNA-541, miRNA-127 and miRNA-379 may play a role in the process of pulmonary fibrosis in nanosized SiO2 and microscale SiO2 by regulating its target genes.

Effect of linguistic strategies in traditional Chinese medicine English teaching courses for foreign students / 国际中医中药杂志

It's important that the university teachers apply proper linguistic strategies in the Traditional Chinese medicine courses for foreign students,which can reduce the non-native language ability limitation to teaching effect to a certain extent,which can let students better understand and grasp the contents.This paper summarize the influence of linguistic strategies on teaching effect,such as signposting,signalling importance,back channeling,repetition,questioning,commenting,which is the important foundation and powerful guarantee of ideal teaching effects of EMI.

Study of gamification in the international education of traditional Chinese medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

With the development of the internationalization of Chinese medicine education,higher requirements are demanded for the faculty of foreign students.How to explore a suitable way of teaching foreign students to study TCM is the problem for all the foreign education teachers.Based on the concept of Gamification,we apply the game elements or mechanism effectively in teaching which can active the classroom atmosphere,improve students' interest and enhance the effect of learning.

Effects of insulin on vascular diameter of the peri -infarct region and infarct volume after cerebral infarction in mice / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of insulin on vascular diameter of the peri -infarct region and infarct volume after cerebral infarction in mice. Methods Forty male C57/BL6j mice w ere randomly divided into a control group ( n = 5), a cerebral infarction group ( n = 15), a cerebral insulin resistance group (n = 5), and a cerebral insulin resistance infarction group ( n = 15). A model of cerebral infarction w as induced by the photochemical method. A model of cerebral insulin resistance w as induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozocin. Tw o -photon confocal microscope w as used to in vivo evaluate the changes of vascular diameter in the peri-infarct region at 20 min after insulin injection into the cerebelomedulary cistern. After modeling of cerebral infarction, artificial cerebrospinal fluid or insulin (10 ng/ml) w as immediately injected into the cerebelomedulary cistern, and the effect of insulin on cerebral infarct volume w as evaluated at 24 h after infarction. Results Insulin did not have significant effect on various types of cerebral vascular diameters in the normal control group, but it significantly contracted cerebral arteries ( -23.16% ±6.86% and -23.32% ±6.40%, respectively; al P <0.001) and penetrating arteries ( -15.20% ±5.51% and -16.40% ±4.27%, respectively; al P < 0.001) in the cerebral insulin resistance group and the cerebral insulin resistance infarction group, but it did not have any effect on the diameters of the cerebral veins. There w ere no significant differences in the vasoactive effects of insulin betw een the cerebral infarction group and the normal control group, as w el as betw een the cerebral insulin resistance group and the cerebral insulin resistance infarction group. Insulin significantly reduced the volume of cerebral infarction in the cerebral infarction group (9.0 ±1.0 mm3 vs.6.0 ±1.2 mm3; t = 4.294,P =0.002), and it did not have significant effect on the volume of cerebral infarction in the cerebral insulin resistance infarction group ( 12.6 ±2.3 mm3 vs.11.6 ±1.7 mm3; t = 0.782, P = 0.456). Conclusions Insulin can reduce ischemic brain injury in normal mice and can not affect the cerebrovascular diameter of the peri-infarct region. The neuroprotective effect of insulin is not significant in cerebral insulin resistance in mice, and it may be associated w ith the vasoconstrictor effects of insulin in the peri -infarct region.

A study of in vivo two-photon imaging of cerebravascular CO2 reactivity in mice / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To examine cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 inhalation in mice. Methods In vivo Two-Pho?ton imaging technique was used to record the reaction of cerebral cortical vessels including penetrating artery, surface vein and capillary in 5 male C57 mice after CO2 inhalation under a thinned-skull cranial window. Nitric oxide syntheses inhibitor L-NAME and Prostaglandin syntheses inhibitor Indomethacin were used to block different vasodilator pathways, respectively. Results Different mouse cortical vessels displayed different degrees of dilation to 1-minute 5%CO2 inhala?tion. The penetrating artery exhibited the most obvious dilation (45.01%±4.45%). L-NAME intervention significantly di?minished cerebravascular CO2 reactivity(P<0.05). Indomethacin significantly attenuated the dilation of artery but not capillary comparing with L-NAME intervention(P<0.05). Conclusions Different vessels react differently to CO2 inhala?tion in which postaglandins and NO signal pathways are involved.

The application of double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal defect after carcinoma resection / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the application of double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal defect after carcinoma resection.@*METHOD@#All the patients received initial treatment. Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was Applied in one-stage reconstruction in 22 cases of laryngocarcinoma and hypopharyngeal carcinoma with post-operation defect. During operation, pectoral branches of thoracoacromial vessels and branch of lateral thoracic vessels were reserved and prepared to be double pedicle vessel fascia bundle without muscle at the beginning part, rearched to defect area through subclavian tunnel. After operation, it is necessary to closely observe the subcutaneous swelling, quantity and color of the drain and others of neck surgery area to exclude the occurrence of surgical hematoma. When there is suspicion, do timely exploration.@*RESULT@#Pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps of 22 patients were all survived. Pharyngeal fistula occurred in 2 cases and was cured by change of dressing. Twenty-one cases received radiotherapy after operation without secondary flap necrosis. After follow-up of 6 months to 24 months, one case of roll repairment of circumferential defect in cervical esophagus,found to have anastomotic stenosis 8 months after radiotherapy and then underwent gastrostomy treatment,the other 21 cases showed good recovery of swallowing function. Among 13 cases with laryngeal function reserved, only 1 case wearing tube and the extubation rate was 92.3% without communication barriers, no patient died in the short follow-up period.@*CONCLUSION@#For double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major nyocutaneous flap, blood supply are fully guaranteed and does not require complicated equipment to observe and monitor the flap blood supply after operation, it is important to exclude factors that may lead to muscular flap necrosis to ensure the survival of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

Exploration and practice on teaching Meridian, collateral and acupoints to international students in China / 中国针灸

Meridian, collateral and acupoints is the basic course of acupuncture and moxibustion and even is the core for training excellent acupuncture physician. Associated with the characters of international students, the writers had the preliminary exploration and practice on teaching this course. For the acupoint names, the international codes of acupoints and Chinese pinyin were applied in combination and the meanings of acupoint were explained to deepen the understanding of acupoints. For acupoint location, the international standards and classical medical works were combined and the experiences in acupoint location were introduced additionally to open the approach to acupoint location. For acupoint effect, the major functions and ancient medical cases were combined to improve the learning interests. For acupoint location practice, the demonstration by teachers was combined with practice and drawing of acupoints and meridians was supplemented to consolidate the foundational knowledge.

Preliminary study on the biological effects of MiR-144 in pulmonary injury in rats induced by nanosized SiO₂ / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To Investigate the biological effects of miR-144 in rats' pulmanory injury induced by nanosized SiO₂preliminarily.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>150 healthy SD rats were divided into five groups randomly: the control group, the nanosized SiO₂groups of 6.25, 12.5, 25.0 mg/ml, and the microsized SiO₂group of 25.0 mg/ml, 30 rats each group. Six rats were sacrificed for their pathological change on the 7th, 15th, 30th, 60th and 90th day after exposure. The expression levels of mature miR-144 in lung tissue of the rats after instilled intracheally nanosized SiO₂at 90d was detected by Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR. Target prediction for miR-144 was conducted by databases of Target-scan, microRNA.org and miRDB. Function-significant enrichment analysis and signal pathway analysis for predicted target genes were respectively conducted by the Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, then target genes related to pulmonary fibrosis were screened out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of miR-144 was up-regulated in lung tissue of rats exposed to nanosized SiO₂. The result was consistent with the results of high-throughput sequencing Hiseq 2000. The target genes of miR-144 related to fibrosis or signal pathway involved in fibrosis were screened out.They are SMAD4, SMAD5, ADAMTS3, ADAMTS15 and ADAMTS19.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MiR-144 probably participate in the regulation of fibrosis, which may play an important role in pulmonary injury induced by nanosized SiO₂.</p>

The exploration of pulse-taking teaching of international students / 国际中医中药杂志

Pulse-taking, as one of the four diagnostic methods of inspection, auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse-taking, can fully embodies the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine. Pulse-taking is the teaching key point for the international students. However, because the pulsetheory and literature is quite profound and abstract and there is a long distance between the class teaching and clinical practice, the teaching of pulse-taking is also the difficult point for the international students. Therefore, the pulse-taking teaching should focus on the interesting teaching, the culture of traditional Chinese medicine of pulse, image teaching and practice training.

Exploration of PBL teaching method combined with systematic instructional design in neurology teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Neurology is one of the most difficult subjects in clinical medical education.How to improve the teaching model of neurology is a crucial problem.The systematic instructional design and problem-based learning (PBL) emerge as mature teaching techniques,and having a broad application prospect.However,simple PBL teaching model has not achieved the desired results,because PBL teaching method pays excessive attention to the subjective initiative of students,but ignores the supervision and assessment mechanisms,such as assessment,feedback,adjustment,which are the major concerns of systematic instructional design.This research tries to combine systematic instructional design with PBL teaching model,and explore the position in neurology teaching.By determining the teaching target,analysis of PBL teaching,writing teaching plans,organization of PBL teaching,feedback to adjust teaching design method,the final summative evaluation is done and the teaching,was completed.After practice tips may bring progress on neurology teaching mode.

Universities of traditional Chinese medicine should value the construction of clinical teaching and training team / 国际中医中药杂志

Clinical practice training is a interim curriculum of basic courses and clinical courses, medical university and hospital, which is an important part of medical education system. Clinical practice training teachers, as the main subject of teaching activity, is a key in guaranteeing a better teaching quality. Therefore, we should attach great importance to the construction of clinical practice training teachers, renewal of the idea of clinical practice training, training system and measures of clinical practice training teachers and the improvement of the management of clinical practice training

Study on the control of dynamic artificial limb ankle based on central pattern generator / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to obtain the normal gait for the prosthesis-carrier with the change of external environment and gait, we designed a model of dynamic ankle prosthesis and control system and introduced the strategy of central pattern generator (CPG) about the moving trail of dynamic ankle prosthesis. The dynamic parts, which are incorporated in the model of dynamic ankle prosthesis, provide power in order to have anthropic function and character. The tool of Matlab/simulink was used to simulate the strategy. The simulation results showed that the strategy of CPG learn- ing control in this study was effective and could track the reference trail rapidly and fit the moving trail of a person's normal limb. It can make the prosthetic timely regulation and action, enhance the prosthetic intelligence. It has im- portant practical value for intelligent prosthesis development based on this analysis of technology.

Study on significance of international educational reform of TCM / 国际中医中药杂志

With the process of internalization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) accelerating increasely, intensive study on international educational reform of TCM is significant. This article elaborates importance of international educational reform of TCM from development situation of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, combined with regional characteristics, find that intensifying the reform and expanding the opening up of international education of TCM is an Important Channel of international development of Tianjin, a reflection of national willpower, a corollary of adapting to the development trend of the economic globalization and an inevitable requirement and powerful guarantee of internalization of TCM. Therefore, we hold that international educational reform of is imperative to achieve the internalization of TCM.