[Effect of prostate matching on dose distribution by on board imager kV-CBCT image].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of prostate matching on dose distribution using kilovolt cone beam computed tomography (kV-CBCT) with image guided radiation therapy for prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Sixteen prostate cancer patients were treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy to 76 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction in 38 fractions. Daily target localization was performed using "bone matching" and "prostate matching" based on planning CT and kV-CBCT. Prostate dose coverage was assessed by the proportion of the CTV fully encompassed by 95%, 98% isodose lines, and mean dose lines. As for rectal and bladder, dose coverage was assessed by volumes which received 40 Gy, 60 Gy, 70 Gy, 75 Gy and mean dose at treatment. And we calculated the tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), accordingly. They were compared to the bone and prostate matching image. RESULT: Our study found an improvement in dose usage in CTV and bladder which enabled us to compare the bone matching image and the prostate matching image. However, it did not improve dose usage in the rectal. Then we chose patients who were a large shift from bone matching image to prostate matching image. As a result, rectal dose and NTCP were reduced. DISCUSSION: Prostate matching is useful and safe when compared to bone matching because of improving CTV dose usage and reducing dose rectal and bladder.

[Development of a new position-recognition system for robotic radiosurgery systems using machine vision].

CyberKnife(®) provides continuous guidance through radiography, allowing instantaneous X-ray images to be obtained; it is also equipped with 6D adjustment for patient setup. Its disadvantage is that registration is carried out just before irradiation, making it impossible to perform stereo-radiography during irradiation. In addition, patient movement cannot be detected during irradiation. In this study, we describe a new registration system that we term "Machine Vision," which subjects the patient to no additional radiation exposure for registration purposes, can be set up promptly, and allows real-time registration during irradiation. Our technique offers distinct advantages over CyberKnife by enabling a safer and more precise mode of treatment. "Machine Vision," which we have designed and fabricated, is an automatic registration system that employs three charge coupled device cameras oriented in different directions that allow us to obtain a characteristic depiction of the shape of both sides of the fetal fissure and external ears in a human head phantom. We examined the degree of precision of this registration system and concluded it to be suitable as an alternative method of registration without radiation exposure when displacement is less than 1.0 mm in radiotherapy. It has potential for application to CyberKnife in clinical treatment.