A Deep Learning-Based Automated CT Segmentation of Prostate Cancer Anatomy for Radiation Therapy Planning-A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

A commercial deep learning (DL)-based automated segmentation tool (AST) for computed tomography (CT) is evaluated for accuracy and efficiency gain within prostate cancer patients. Thirty patients from six clinics were reviewed with manual- (MC), automated- (AC) and automated and edited (AEC) contouring methods. In the AEC group, created contours (prostate, seminal vesicles, bladder, rectum, femoral heads and penile bulb) were edited, whereas the MC group included empty datasets for MC. In one clinic, lymph node CTV delineations were evaluated for interobserver variability. Compared to MC, the mean time saved using the AST was 12 min for the whole data set (46%) and 12 min for the lymph node CTV (60%), respectively. The delineation consistency between MC and AEC groups according to the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) improved from 0.78 to 0.94 for the whole data set and from 0.76 to 0.91 for the lymph nodes. The mean DSCs between MC and AC for all six clinics were 0.82 for prostate, 0.72 for seminal vesicles, 0.93 for bladder, 0.84 for rectum, 0.69 for femoral heads and 0.51 for penile bulb. This study proves that using a general DL-based AST for CT images saves time and improves consistency.

[Hodgkin's lymphoma]. / Hodgkinin lymfooma.

Hodgkin's lymphoma is affecting young adults and having exhibited a fairly constant frequency over the past few years. Hodgkin's lymphoma in a young adult has a good prognosis, with only approximately 10% of patients dying of disease. Hodgkin's lymphoma in an elderly patient is more difficult to treat. Cytostatic chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy is the treatment of choice. New recommendations involve a reduced volume of radiotherapy. In long-term follow-up, increased numbers of new cancers and cardiovascular disease are found in patients having had Hodgkin's lymphoma as compared with the reference population.

[Pancreatic adenocarcinoma--a therapeutic challenge]. / Haiman adenokarsinooma--hoidollinen haaste.

In Finland, the 5-year survival rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is 3%. Surgery is the only treatment that may be curative. Adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery is beneficial and patients with locally advanced disease may also benefit from chemoradiotherapy. The treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer, expert symptomatic and palliative care is essential. New therapeutic approaches, e.g. combined cytostatics and/or targeted biologic drugs are being investigated to improve patient outcome.