RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Presurgical evaluation of patients undergoing bariatric surgery includes, among others, a psychological/psychiatric evaluation. Psychiatric disorders that did not contraindicate surgery may persist and influence on weight loss and postoperative clinical course, hindering the success of the procedure. The aim of our study was to analyze the postoperative evolution of our series of patients with and without psychiatric symptoms before surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 109 patients undergoing bariatric surgery with duodenal switch from 2003 to 2008 (follow up > 6 months). We studied weight changes, immediate and delayed complications of surgery and nutritional deficiencies in post-surgical follow-up in patients with previous psychiatric disorders (group 1, n = 17) compared with patients without psychiatric disorders (group 2, n = 92). RESULTS: Patients in group 1 showed a greater tendency for weight gain. They regained a 9.4% of the initial excess weight lost between 18 months after surgery and 36 months after surgery, while patients in group 2 regained only 0.2% in the same period (p < 0.05). There was no difference in immediate surgical complications (5/17 vs 25/92 patients). The mean incidence of late surgical complications was 0.71 per patient in group 1 and 0.22 complications per patient in group 2 (p = 0.02). 52.9% of patients in group 1 had at least one late complication compared to 19.6% of patients in group 2 (p = 0.003). The three most common complications in patients with previous psychiatric disorders were chronic diarrhea, vomits and malnutrition. The presence of nutritional deficiencies were common in both groups, mainly soluble vitamins, iron and zinc. During postoperative follow-up, we found 3.1 +/- 1.6 nutritional deficiencies per patient in group 1 and 2.5 +/- 1.7 in group 2 (p = 0.04). More than three nutritional deficiencies were found in 8 patients in group 1 (52.9%) compared to 23 patients in group 2 (25%) (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of previous psychiatric disorders may be a predictor of a less positive outcome in morbidly obese patients who undergo bariatric surgery.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Obesidade Mórbida/complicações , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Introducción: La valoración preoperatoria de los pacientes candidatos a cirugía bariátrica incluye, entre otras, una evaluación psicológica/psiquiátrica. La persistencia tras la cirugía de problemas psicológicos que no constituyeron una contraindicación quirúrgica puede influir en la pérdida de peso y la evolución clínica postoperatoria y comprometer el éxito del procedimiento. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es analizar la evolución postoperatoria de nuestra serie de pacientes con y sin manifestaciones psiquiátricas previas a la cirugía. Pacientes y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de 109 pacientes operados de cirugía bariátrica mediante cruce duodenal desde 2003 a 2008 (seguimiento mínimo, 6 meses). Estudiamos la evolución del peso, las complicaciones inmediatas y tardías de la cirugía y las deficiencias nutricionales en el seguimiento posquirúrgico de los pacientes con enfermedades psiquiátricas previas (grupo 1, n = 17) y las comparamos con las de los pacientes sin ellas (grupo 2, n = 92). Resultados: Los pacientes del grupo 1 mostraron mayor tendencia a la recuperación de peso. Entre los meses 18 y 36 tras la cirugía, recuperaron un promedio del 9,4% del exceso de peso perdido, mientras que los pacientes del grupo 2 recuperaron un 0,2% (p < 0,05). No hubo diferencias en las complicaciones quirúrgicas inmediatas (5/17 frente a 25/92 pacientes). La media de complicaciones quirúrgicas tardías fue de 0,71 complicaciones/ paciente entre los pacientes del grupo 1 y 0,22 complicaciones/paciente en el grupo 2 (p = 0,02). El 52,9% de los pacientes del grupo 1 tuvo al menos una complicación tardía, frente a un 19,6% de los pacientes del grupo 2 (p = 0,003). Las tres complicaciones más frecuentes en los pacientes con enfermedad psiquiátrica previa fueron la diarrea crónica, los vómitos y la desnutrición. Los déficit nutricionales fueron frecuentes en ambos grupos, principalmente déficit de vitaminas liposolubles, hierro y cinc. En el (..) (AU)
Introduction: Presurgical evaluation of patients undergoing bariatric surgery includes, among others, a psychological/psychiatric evaluation. Psychiatric disorders that did not contraindicate surgery may persist and influence on weight loss and postoperative clinical course, hindering the success of the procedure. The aim of our study was to analyze the postoperative evolution of our series of patients with and without psychiatric symptoms before surgery. Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis of 109 patients undergoing bariatric surgery with duodenal switch from 2003 to 2008 (follow up > 6 months). We studied weight changes, immediate and delayed complications of surgery and nutritional deficiencies in post-surgical follow-up in patients with previous psychiatric disorders (group 1, n = 17) compared with patients without psychiatric disorders (group 2, n = 92). Results: Patients in group 1 showed a greater tendency for weight gain. They regained a 9,4% of the initial excess weight lost between 18 months after surgery and 36 months after surgery, while patients in group 2 regained only 0.2% in the same period (p < 0.05). There was no difference in immediate surgical complications (5/17 vs 25/92 patients). The mean incidence of late surgical complications was 0.71 per patient in group 1 and 0.22 complications per patient in group 2 (p = 0.02). 52.9% of patients in group 1 had at least one late complication compared to 19,6% of patients in group 2 (p = 0.003). The three most common complications in patients with previous psychiatric disorders were chronic diarrhea, vomits and malnutrition. The presence of nutritional deficiencies were common in both groups, mainly soluble vitamins, iron and zinc. During postoperative follow-up, we found (..) (AU)
