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1.
Bol. pediatr ; 63(266): 261-267, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232442

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos. En las últimas décadas se ha descrito un aumento de la incidencia de enfermedad celíaca (EC) y un predominio de formas de presentación menos sintomáticas. El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características clínicas de la EC en población pediátrica de dos Áreas Sanitarias de Asturias y estimar su incidencia. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional, prospectivo y multicéntrico de pacientes de las Áreas Sanitarias III (Avilés) y V (Gijón) incluidos en el Registro Español de Pacientes Celíacos pediátricos REPAC2 (2011-2017). Se recogieron datos demográficos, síntomas, somatometría y pruebas diagnósticas. Se utilizaron criterios ESPGHAN 2020 para el estudio descriptivo y el cálculo de la incidencia, y criterios ESPGHAN 2012 para el análisis comparativo con el resto de España. Resultados. Se incluyen 99 casos (50,5% niñas): 72 del Área V y 27 del Área III. Mediana de edad: 3,1 años (P25-P75: 1,6-7,7). La forma de presentación más frecuente fue la EC clásica (76,8%), con un 2,0% de asintomáticos. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron la pérdida/estancamiento de peso (55,7%) y la diarrea (49,5%). Respecto al resto de España (4.681 casos), en Asturias (82 casos) se registró una menor frecuencia de asintomáticos (2,4% vs. 9,8%, p=0,026) y de realización de biopsias (28% vs. 62,1%, p<0,001). La tasa de incidencia de EC basada en diagnósticos hospitalarios fue de 32,1 (IC95%: 26,1-39,1) por 100.000 personas/año. Conclusiones. Se identifican diferencias geográficas en la presentación y diagnóstico de EC, y una mayor incidencia respecto a estudios previos. (AU)


Introduction and aims. Over the last few decades, it has been reported an increase in the incidence of celiac disease (CD) and a predominance of less symptomatic clinical presentations. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of CD in the paediatric population of two Health Areas of Asturias and to estimate its incidence. Patients and methods. Observational, prospective, multicentre study of patients from Health Areas III (Avilés) and V (Gijón) included in the Spanish Registry of Paediatric Celiac Patients REPAC2 (2011-2017). Demographic data, symptoms, somatometry and diagnostic tests were collected. The incidence rate was calculated using the municipal register. ESPGHAN 2020 diagnostic criteria were used for the descriptive study and incidence calculation, and ESPGHAN 2012 criteria were used for the comparative analysis with the rest of Spain. Results. 99 patients (50.5% girls) were included: 72 from Area V and 27 from Area III. Median age: 3.1 years (P25-P75: 1.6-7.7). The most frequent clinical presentation was classic CD (76.8%), whereas 2.0% were asymptomatic. The most frequent symptoms were failure to thrive (55.7%) and diarrhoea (49.5%). Compared with the rest of Spain (4681 patients), Asturias (82 patients) had fewer asymptomatic patients (2.4% vs. 9.8%, p=0.026) and fewer biopsies performed (28% vs. 62.1%, p<0.001). The incidence rate of CD based on hospital diagnoses according to ESPGHAN 2020 criteria was 32.1 (95%CI: 26.1-39.1) per 100,000 person-years. Conclusions. Geographic differences were identified in the presentation and diagnosis of CD, with a higher incidence compared to previous studies. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Doença Celíaca , Epidemiologia , Diagnóstico , Sintomas Gerais , Área Programática de Saúde , Espanha
5.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 42(1): 49-54, ene.-abr. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-183046

RESUMO

Fundamento: El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la seguridad y efectividad del dispositivo de generación de presión positiva continua en la vía aérea de Boussignac(R) (CPAPB) durante su uso en el transporte en lactantes menores de tres meses con bronquiolitis. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal de cuatro años de duración. Se recogieron datos de 25 lactantes que precisaron trasladado interhospitalario a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrica (UCIP) de referencia con CPAPB e interfase tipo Helmet. Se registraron las caracteristicas epidemiológicas, del traslado y de la evolución en UCIP, además de los parámetros cardiorrespiratorios y gasométricos previos al traslado y a su llegada a UCIP. Resultados: La mediana del nivel de presión contínua en la vía aérea (CPAP) utilizada durante el traslado fue de 7 cm H2O (6-7,25). Ningún paciente precisó de intubación endotraqueal durante el traslado y un paciente la precisó durante las primeras seis horas de ingreso en UCIP. Los siguientes parámetros cardiorrespiratorios presentaron una mejoría estadisticamente significativa a su llegada a UCIP: score de Wood-Downes modificado [8,40 (2,1) vs 5,29 (1,68)], frecuencia respiratoria [60,72 (12,73) vs 47,28 (10,31)], frecuencia cardiaca [167,28 (22,60) vs 154,48 (24,83)] y saturación de oxígeno [92,08 (5,63) vs 97,64 (2,27)]. Conclusiones: La aplicación de CPAPB resultó ser un método de soporte respiratorio seguro en lactantes menores de tres meses. Su uso durante el transporte suposo una mejoría en los parámetros cardiorrespiratoriosl


Background: The present study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Boussignac continuous positive airway pressure device (CPAPB) when used during the transportation of infants under three months of age with bronchiolitis. Methods: Transversal analytical observational study of four years duration. Data was collected on 25 infants who needed inter-hospital transportation to the reference Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), with CPAPB and Helmet interface. The epidemiological characteristics of the transportation and evolution in the PICU were registered, as well as the cardiorespiratory gastronomic parameters prior to transfer and on arrival at the PICU. Results: The median level of continuous airway pressure (CPAP) used during the transfer was 7 cm H2O (6-7.25). No patient required endotracheal intubation during transportation, while one patient required this during the first six hours of admission in the PICU. The following cardiorespiratory parameters presented a statistically significant improvement on arrival at the PICU: modified Wood-Downes score [8.40 (2.1) vs 5.29 (1.68)], respiratory frequency [60.72 (12.73) vs 47.28 (10.31)], cardiac frequency [167.28 (22.60) vs 154.48 (24.83)] and oxygen saturation [92.08 (5.63) vs 97.64 (2.27)]. Conclusions: Application of CPAPB proved to be a safe method of respiratory support in infants under three months of age. Its use during transportation brought an improvement in cardiorespiratory parameters


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Assistência Pré-Hospitalar/métodos , Respiração com Pressão Positiva/métodos , Síndrome Torácica Aguda/terapia , Bronquiolite/terapia , Ambulâncias/normas , Transporte de Pacientes/métodos , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Estudos Transversais
6.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 42(1): 49-54, 2019 Apr 25.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30895967

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The present study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Boussignac continuous positive airway pressure device (CPAPB) when used during the transportation of infants under three months of age with bronchiolitis. METHODS: Transversal analytical observational study of four years duration. Data was collected on 25 infants who needed inter-hospital transportation to the reference Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), with CPAPB and Helmet interface. The epidemiological characteristics of the transportation and evolution in the PICU were registered, as well as the cardiorespiratory gastronomic parameters prior to transfer and on arrival at the PICU. RESULTS: The median level of continuous airway pressure (CPAP) used during the transfer was 7 cm H2O (6-7.25). No patient required endotracheal intubation during transportation, while one patient required this during the first six hours of admission in the PICU. The following cardiorespiratory parameters presented a statistically significant improvement on arrival at the PICU: modified Wood-Downes score [8.40 (2.1) vs 5.29 (1.68)], respiratory frequency [60.72 (12.73) vs 47.28 (10.31)], cardiac frequency [167.28 (22.60) vs 154.48 (24.83)] and oxygen saturation [92.08 (5.63) vs 97.64 (2.27)]. CONCLUSIONS: Application of CPAPB proved to be a safe method of respiratory support in infants under three months of age. Its use during transportation brought an improvement in cardiorespiratory parameters.


Assuntos
Bronquiolite/terapia , Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas/instrumentação , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Transporte de Pacientes/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Masculino
7.
Bol. pediatr ; 57(242): 275-280, 2017. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-172059

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de un preparado lácteo suplementado con fibra en niños con estreñimiento funcional. Material y métodos: Ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo. Se incluyeron 19 niños de entre 4 y 12 años con criterios de Roma III para estreñimiento funcional. El grupo de intervención recibió durante 4 semanas 200 ml al día de leche con fibra, mientras los controles recibieron una ración similar de leche sin suplementar. Resultados: Tras 4 semanas no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos respecto a la realización de al menos 3 deposiciones a la semana (88,9% en tratados frente a 100% en controles, p = 0,474), número de deposiciones semanales, consistencia de deposiciones o presencia de conductas de retención, dolor con la defecación e incontinencia fecal, o la salud autopercibida. En ambos se observó tendencia al aumento en el número de deposiciones; en el grupo de tratamiento de 3,6 ± 1,9 a 5,8 ± 2,0 deposiciones/semana (p = 0,059) y en el grupo placebo de 3,3 ± 1,3 a 5,8 ± 1,3 deposiciones/semana (p = 0,001). También disminuyó la presencia de dolor con la defecación en el grupo de tratamiento del 77,8% al 11,1% (p = 0,031) y en placebo del 80,0% al 20,0% (p = 0,031). Conclusiones: No se ha podido confirmar la eficacia de un preparado lácteo con fibra para el estreñimiento funcional infantil. Son necesarios estudios bien diseñados y de mayor tamaño muestral para determinar el papel de los suplementos de fibra en los niños con estreñimiento


Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a fibre-fortified milk in children with chronic functional constipation. Patients and methods: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 19 children, 4 to 12-year-old, who were diagnosis with functional constipation according to Rome III Criteria. Intervention group received 200 ml of fibre-fortified milk daily for 4 weeks, while the other group received a similar portion of nonfortified milk. Results: At the end of the intervention there were no statistically significant differences between groups with respect to having at least three bowel movements a week (88.9% in intervention group vs. 100% in control group, p = 0.474), frequency of bowel movements, stool consistency, presence of painful defecation, retentive posturing, or fecal incontinence, or self-reported perceived health. Both groups tended to increase bowel movements. Fibre group increased from 3.6 ± 1.9 to 5.8 ± 2.0 bowel movements/week (p = 0.059), while control group increased from 3.3 ± 1.3 to 5.8 ± 1.3 bowel movements/week (p = 0.001). Presence of painful defecation decreased both in fibre group, 77.8% to 11.1% (p = 0.031), and in control group, 80.0% to 20,0% (p = 0.031). Conclusions: Effectiveness of a fibre-fortified milk was not confirmed in children with chronic functional constipation. High quality clinical trials are required to know the efficacy of fibre supplements in children with functional constipation


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Laticínios , Constipação Intestinal/dietoterapia , Fibras na Dieta , Inulina/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego , Placebos/uso terapêutico , Protocolos Clínicos , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia
8.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 79(6): 346-351, dic. 2013. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-117008

RESUMO

Introducción: Evaluar la seguridad y la eficacia de la inducción de tolerancia oral mediante pauta rush en pacientes con alergia a proteínas de leche de vaca persistente. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo realizado en 3 hospitales españoles. Se incluyó a niños mayores de 3 años con alergia IgE-mediada a proteínas de leche de vaca, a los que se administraron dosis crecientes de leche durante 5 días, desde 1 cc al 1% hasta 200 cc de leche pura en régimen de hospital de día. Las reacciones adversas a la administración de leche fueron registradas y se trataron atendiendo a la clasificación de Clark. Se realizó seguimiento clínico durante 2 años. Se determinaron los niveles de IgE específica basales y a los 6, 12 y 24 meses. Resultados: Se incluyó a 18 niños (13 varones) entre 3 y 14 años (media 5,96). De 271 dosis administradas, 55 presentaron algún tipo de reacción. Un 84% de las mismas fueron leves. Al finalizar el protocolo, el 100% presentaba algún grado de tolerancia (39% total). Tras 2 años, el 72% de los pacientes realizaba una dieta sin restricción de productos lácteos. Dos pacientes presentaron pérdida de la tolerancia alcanzada. Se observó un descenso significativo de los niveles de IgE específica a leche de vaca y α-lactoalbúmina a los 24 meses, y de caseína a los 6, 12 y 24 meses respecto de los niveles basales. Conclusiones: La desensibilización mediante pauta rush es una opción terapéutica eficaz y segura a medio plazo para pacientes con alergia persistente a proteínas de leche de vaca (AU)


Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral rush desensitization in children with cow milk allergy. Material and methods: Prospective study. We included IgE-mediated cow milk allergy children over 3 years in 3 Spanish hospitals. Increasing doses of cow milk for 5 days from 1 cc of 1% to 200cc of pure milk were administered. Clinical follow-up was conducted and we compared specific IgE levels at onset, 6, 12 and 24 months after desensitization. Results: We included 18 children (13 males) between 3 and 14 years (mean 5.96). A total of271 doses were administered; there were 55 adverse reactions (84% mild). At the end of the protocol, 100% showed some degree of tolerance (39% total). Full tolerance was achieved in 72%of patients after two years. Two children failed to achieve tolerance. There was a significant decrease in the levels of specific IgE to cow milk and alpha-lactalbumin at 24 months, and to casein at 6, 12 and 24 months, compared to baseline. Conclusions: Oral rush desensitization is a safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with persistent cow milk allergy to medium term (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Hipersensibilidade a Leite/terapia , Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Proteínas do Leite/efeitos adversos , Indução de Remissão , Segurança do Paciente
9.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 79(6): 346-51, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23726689

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral rush desensitization in children with cow milk allergy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study. We included IgE-mediated cow milk allergy children over 3 years in 3 Spanish hospitals. Increasing doses of cow milk for 5 days from 1 cc of 1% to 200 cc of pure milk were administered. Clinical follow-up was conducted and we compared specific IgE levels at onset, 6, 12 and 24 months after desensitization. RESULTS: We included 18 children (13 males) between 3 and 14 years (mean 5.96). A total of 271 doses were administered; there were 55 adverse reactions (84% mild). At the end of the protocol, 100% showed some degree of tolerance (39% total). Full tolerance was achieved in 72% of patients after two years. Two children failed to achieve tolerance. There was a significant decrease in the levels of specific IgE to cow milk and alpha-lactalbumin at 24 months, and to casein at 6, 12 and 24 months, compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Oral rush desensitization is a safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with persistent cow milk allergy to medium term.


Assuntos
Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Hipersensibilidade a Leite/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade a Leite/terapia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dessensibilização Imunológica/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Boca , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(3): 175-180, mayo-jun. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-91714

RESUMO

Introducción. La incidencia de cardiopatías congénitas ha aumentado en los últimos años, a expensas de las formas más leves. Objetivos. Determinar la incidencia de cardiopatías congénitas de diagnóstico neonatal en un área sanitaria. Comparar los datos demográficos y clínicos con una muestra similar obtenida a principios de los años 90. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, de los menores de un mes diagnosticados de cardiopatía congénita entre 2003-2007. Análisis comparativo con una muestra similar recogida en nuestro centro entre 1991-1995. Resultados. Se incluyeron 192 pacientes (17,9 casos/1000 recién nacidos vivos). El motivo de ingreso principal ha sido la sospecha clínica de cardiopatía, seguido de prematuridad. Quince niños precisaron traslado para tratamiento quirúrgico. Los defectos hallados más frecuentes son los de tabiques cardíacos (69,3%) y grandes arterias 811,5%). En el estudio comparativo por quinquenios se observa un aumento significativo de la incidencia de cardiopatías y del uso de la ecocardiografía (de 91% a 98,4%), con una disminución de los traslados (de 28 a 15) y de los fallecimientos (de 11 a 6). Conclusiones. La incidencia de cardiopatías congénitas ha aumentado en nuestra área sanitaria, a expensas fundamentalmente de defectos septales leves (AU)


Introduction. Congenital heart defects frequency have grown in the last years, mainly because of minor defects. Objectives. To establish the incidence of congenital heart defects in a regional hospital. To compare demographic and clinical data with another sample collected at the beginning of the 90´s. Materials and methods. Observational, descriptive and retrospective study of neonates with congenital heart defects form 2003 to 2007. Comparison with data from another sample collected in our hospital from 1991 to 1995. Results. We included 192 cases (17.0/1,000 newborns). The main cause of admission was clinical suspect of a congenital heart defect, followed by preterm babies. Fifteen newborns needed to be transferred to a reference hospital for surgery. The more common congenital heart diseases were: septal defects (69,93%), great arteries defects (11,5%). In the comparative study we have noticed a significant rise in the incidence of congenital heart defects, the use echocardiography, and decreased number of transfers (form 28 to 15) and mortality (from 11 to 6). Conclusions. The incidence of congenital heart defects has risen comparing to the study carried our form 1991 to 1995, mainly due to minor septald effects, with a usually benign prognosis and trend to spontaneous closure (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Cardiopatias Congênitas/epidemiologia , Ecocardiografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos/epidemiologia , Transposição dos Grandes Vasos/epidemiologia
11.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(2): 145-150, mar.-abr. 2008. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60248

RESUMO

Introducción: Las necesidades de transporte sanitario varían en cada región. En Asturias nunca se ha realizado un estudio sobre transporte. Objetivos: Descubrir las características de los traslados en Asturias. Pacientes y métodos; Estudio descriptivo prospectivo de todos los transportes secundarios realizados en Asturias entre julio de 2003 y junio de 2004. Resultados: Se registraron 798 indicaciones de traslado (89,9% urgentes). La edad media era 61,4 meses. El 74,7 % se trasladaron desde Urgencias. El motivo más frecuente fue la consulta a Cirugía Infantil (35,0%). En los hospitales de destino un 14,9% fueron ingresados en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Un 28,6% fueron dados de alta desde Urgencias. La patología más frecuente fue la quirúrgica (36,4%). Se trasladaron 266 pacientes en ambulancia convencional, 113 en UVI móvil (UVIm), uno en helicóptero y el resto en vehículo privado o desconocido. A menor edad, mayor era el porcentaje de transportes en UVIm y menor en vehículo propio (p<0,001). De los 380 traslados realizados en vehículo sanitario, un 70% llevaban personal sanitario, un 30% con médico. Conclusiones: Los traslados secundarios fueron frecuentes en Asturias. La patología más frecuente fue la quirúrgica. Un importante porcentaje no precisaron ingreso. La mayoría se trasladaron en vehículos particulares. Casi un tercio de los transportes en vehículo sanitario fueron realizados por médicos. Los pacientes derivados para UCI supusieron un importante porcentaje (AU)


Introduction: Medical transportation need vary depending on the local characteristics. There are no previous studies on paediatric transportation in Asturias in a one-year period. Patients and methods: Prospective study of all the interhospital transports performed in a one-year period (july 2003 to june 2004) in Asturias. Results: Seven hundred and ninety eight transports were recorded (89,9% were considered urgent). Mean age of the patients was 61.4 months. Transfer was indicated when the patient was at the Emergency Department in 74,7%. The most frequent reason for the transfer was consulation with a paediatric surgeon (35%). Fourteen percent of the patients were admitted to an Intensive Care Unit upon arrival at the receiving hospital. Twentyeight percent of the patients were discharged after the transfer. Surgical conditions were the most frequent diagnosis in the children transferred. The transport was performed by conventional ambulance in 266 cases, by Mobile Intensive Care Unit (MICU) in 113, by helicopter in one case and by private or not recorded vehicle in the remaining. The younger the age, the greater the likelihood of MICU transport and the lower the likelihood of being transported by means of a private vehicle (p<0.001). Among the 380 transfers using a medical vehicle, health staff was present in 70%. A physician was present in 30% of the transfers done by ambulance. Conclusions: Paediatric transports are frequent in Asturias. Surgical conditions were the most frequent reason for the transfer. A significant number of the transferred patients did not need to be admitted to the receiving hospital. Most patients were transported by means of a private vehicle. Physicians were part of the transport team in almost one third of the cases in which a medical vehicle was used. Patients referred to an intensive care unit account for an important number of the transportations performed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transporte de Pacientes/métodos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Pré-Hospitalar , Estudos Prospectivos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos
15.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 59(5): 436-40, 2003 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14588215

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Critically-ill children frequently show impaired renal function, necessitating adjustment of drug dosages. Our objectives were to study estimated creatinine clearance through the correlation between the height/plasma creatinine formula (CrClest) and measured creatinine clearance (CrClms) and to examine whether CrClest over- or underestimates CrClms by analyzing the influence of diagnosis, severity, and the practical consequences. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-seven patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit were included. CrClms was calculated using serum creatinine and creatinine in urine collected over 24 hours. CrClest was estimated using serum creatinine, height, and a constant. The difference between CrClms and CrClest was expressed as a percentage: (CrClms CrClest) x 100/CrClms. Differences of greater than 15 % were considered poor estimates. ResultsThe mean percentage difference was 29.2 (standard error: 39.9). There were no differences among diagnoses in the distribution of significant bias, although the frequency of metabolic diagnoses was high. Incorrect evaluation of CrClest would result in a therapeutic error in 11.69 % of the cases, with overdosage in 10.39 %. The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) score was higher (p < 0.05) in patients at risk for overdosage. CONCLUSIONS: CrClest estimation using the height/plasma creatinine formula was not an accurate method in critically ill children. In 10.39 % of patients with more severe illness, the dosage of renally excreted drugs would be too high. The highest risk was found in patients with metabolic and neurological diagnoses.


Assuntos
Estatura , Creatinina/metabolismo , Estado Terminal , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
16.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 59(5): 436-440, nov. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24537

RESUMO

Antecedentes: La función renal en niños críticamente enfermos puede alterarse obligando a ajustar las dosis de determinados fármacos. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron estudiar la correlación del aclaramiento de creatinina estimado por la talla (CCrest) y el aclaramiento de creatinina en orina de 24 h (CCrm) e investigar cuándo el CCrest infravalora o sobrevalora el CCrm, analizando la influencia del diagnóstico y la gravedad, y las consecuencias prácticas. Pacientes y métodos Se incluyeron 77 pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos. Se determinó durante las primeras 24 h tras el ingreso el CCrm empleando la creatinina plasmática, la creatinina urinaria y el volumen urinario. Se estimó el CCrest a partir de la creatinina plasmática, la talla y una constante. Se calculó la diferencia mediante: (CCrm - CCrest) × 100/CCrm. Se consideró una mala estimación si la diferencia era mayor del 15 por ciento. Resultados: La media del porcentaje de la diferencia fue de -29,2 (desviación estándar [DE], 39,9). No hubo diferencias en la distribución de los errores significativos ( > 15 por ciento) entre enfermedades, aunque destaca una alta incidencia en los problemas metabólicos. En un 11,69 por ciento la incorrecta valoración del aclaramiento de creatinina supondría un error de tratamiento, con sobredosificación en un 10,39 por ciento de los casos. El PRISM fue mayor (p < 0,05) en los pacientes con riesgo de sobredosificación. Conclusiones: La estimación del aclaramiento de creatinina por la talla no es buena en niños graves. En el 10,39 por ciento de los pacientes se sobredosificarían los fármacos de excreción renal, estando estos pacientes sobrestimados más graves. En los pacientes metabólicos y neurológicos esta tendencia es más llamativa (AU)


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Estado Terminal , Estatura , Creatinina
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