RESUMO
PURPOSE: The contralateral unaffected breast (CUB) of women with unilateral breast cancer provides a model for the study of breast tissue-based risk factors. Using random fine needle aspiration (rFNA), we have investigated hormonal and gene expression patterns related to atypia in the CUBs of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. METHODS: 83 women underwent rFNA of the CUB. Cytologic analysis was performed using the Masood Score (MS), atypia was defined as MS > 14. RNA was extracted using 80% of the sample. The expression of 20 hormone related genes was quantified using Taqman Low Density Arrays. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-tailed t tests and linear regression. RESULTS: Cytological atypia was more frequent in multiparous women (P = 0.0392), and was not associated with any tumor-related features in the affected breast. Masood Score was higher with shorter interval since last pregnancy (R = 0.204, P = 0.0417), higher number of births (R = 0.369, P = 0.0006), and estrogen receptor (ER) negativity of the index cancer (R = -0.203, P = 0.065). Individual cytologic features were associated with aspects of parity. Specifically, anisonucleosis was correlated with shorter interval since last pregnancy (R = 0.318, P = 0.0201), higher number of births (R = 0.382, P = 0.0004), and ER status (R = -0.314, P = 0.0038). Eight estrogen-regulated genes were increased in atypical samples (P < 0.005), including TFF1, AGT, PDZK1, PGR, GREB1, PRLR, CAMK2B, and CCND1. CONCLUSIONS: Cytologic atypia, and particularly anisonucleosis, is associated with recent and multiple births and ER negative status of the index tumor. Atypical samples showed increased expression of estrogen-related genes, consistent with the role of estrogen exposure in breast cancer development.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Mama/citologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Lobular/diagnóstico , Estrogênios/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia por Agulha Fina , Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Lobular/genética , Carcinoma Lobular/cirurgia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Seguimentos , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Paridade , Gravidez , Prognóstico , Receptores de Estrogênio/genética , Receptores de Progesterona/genética , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Aneurysms are rare in children. Causes include congenital, traumatic, inflammatory, and infectious etiologies. When and how to best surgically treat arterial aneurysms in a child remain unclear. We present the case of a 3-month-old child with an aneurysm of the left common iliac artery, which was first detected on abdominal ultrasound and was successfully repaired with a cadaveric vein graft.