Effects of Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions on Combined Potentially Probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum 296, Quercetin, and/or Resveratrol as Bioactive Components of Novel Nutraceuticals.

This study evaluated the effects of simulated gastrointestinal conditions (SGIC) on combined potentially probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum 296 (~ 10 log CFU/mL), quercetin (QUE, 160 mg), and/or resveratrol (RES, 150 mg) as the bioactive components of novel nutraceuticals. Four different nutraceuticals were evaluated during exposure to SGIC and analyzed the plate counts and physiological status of L. fermentum 296, contents and bioaccessibility of QUE and RES, and antioxidant capacity. Nutraceuticals with QUE and RES had the highest plate counts (4.94 ± 0.32 log CFU/mL) and sizes of live cell subpopulations (28.40 ± 0.28%) of L. fermentum 296 after SGIC exposure. An index of injured cells (Gmean index, arbitrary unit defined as above 0.5) indicated that part of L. fermentum 296 cells could be entered the viable but nonculturable state when the nutraceuticals were exposed to gastric and intestinal conditions while maintaining vitality. The nutraceuticals maintained high contents (QUE ~ 29.17 ± 0.62 and RES ~ 23.05 mg/100 g) and bioaccessibility (QUE ~ 41.0 ± 0.09% and RES ~ 67.4 ± 0.17%) of QUE and RES, as well as high antioxidant capacity (ABTS assay ~ 88.18 ± 1.16% and DPPH assay 75.54 ± 0.65%) during SGIC exposure, which could be linked to the protective effects on L. fermentum 296 cells. The developed nutraceuticals could cross along the gastrointestinal tract with high concentrations of functioning potentially probiotic cells and bioavailable phenolic compounds to exert their beneficial impacts on consumer health, being an innovative strategy for the co-ingestion of these bioactive components.

Body Mass Index Alters the Predictive Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Systemic Inflammation Response Index in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a frequent cancer subtype among head and neck cancers. Exacerbated inflammation and nutritional deficit are common features in this type of cancer and can be used as a prognostic marker. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) on overall survival (OS) of LSCC patients. In this retrospective cohort study, 168 patients were followed for 5 years. Data on clinical factors, patients' life habits, height, weight, and hematological parameters were collected. BMI, NLR, and SIRI were calculated. Pretreatment NLR≥ 2.02 and SIRI≥ 1160.85 were independent prognostic factors for poor OS. Low BMI did not significantly affect the OS. However, the inflammatory parameters had their predictive capacity altered when stratified by the BMI classification. NLR≥ 2.02 + Low BMI or SIRI≥ 1160.85 + Low BMI increased in 8.6 and 3.8 times the risk of death, respectively. In contrast, stratification by normal/high BMI classification eliminated the predictive capacity of NLR and SIRI. Here, we demonstrated the possible ability of BMI to change the prognostic capacity of inflammatory markers NLR and SIRI in patients with LSCC.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1952447.

Trajetória, avanços e perspectivas da pós-graduação no Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro / History, advances, and perspectives of graduate studies at Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

O Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro (INJC), da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), foi criado em 1946 como instituição de ensino e pesquisa na área de Nutrição. Este trabalho, submetido na categoria "Perspectivas", descreve a trajetória do ensino de Pós-Graduação (PG) no INJC, no ano do jubileu dos 75 anos do INJC. Para elaborar este relato, foram consultados artigos, livros, documentos, relatórios, atas e anotações do INJC e da UFRJ. O ensino de PG no INJC teve início no final da década de 1970, com a oferta de dois cursos de especialização. Em 1985, foi implantado o mestrado em Nutrição Humana. Atualmente, o INJC é a única instituição da área de Nutrição no Brasil que abriga um programa acadêmico de mestrado e doutorado, o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, e um programa de mestrado profissional, o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição Clínica. A instituição oferece, ainda, seis cursos de especialização e integra quatro programas de residência multiprofissional da UFRJ. Indicadores favoráveis consistentes expressam o sucesso do esforço coordenado de docentes e discentes dos Programas de PG em iniciativas que privilegiam a obtenção de financiamento, o desenvolvimento de projetos interdisciplinares intra e interinstitucionais e o incentivo à produção acadêmica de qualidade. A pós-graduação no INJC articula-se com o ensino de graduação e com a extensão, contribuindo para a formação qualificada de recursos humanos no campo da Alimentação e Nutrição. Aos 75 anos, o INJC, por meio do ensino de PG, reitera o papel social e acadêmico da universidade pública brasileira. (AU)

The Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro (Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute - INJC), at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ) was created in 1946 as an education and research institution in the field of nutrition. This work, presented in the Perspectives modality, describes the history of graduate education (GE) at INJC, in the year of INJC's 75th anniversary. This work is based on articles, books, documents, reports, minutes, and notes from UFRJ and INJC's Graduate Programs. GE at INJC began in the late 1970s, with the offer of specialization courses. In 1985, the Master's Degree Program in Human Nutrition was implemented. Currently, INJC is the only institution in the field of Nutrition in Brazil that hosts academic master's and doctoral programs, the Graduate Program in Nutrition, and a professional master's program, the Graduate Program in Clinical Nutrition. The institution also offers six specialization courses and integrates four multi-professional internship programs within UFRJ. Consistent favorable indicators express the success of the coordinated efforts of faculty and students of GE Programs in initiatives that prioritize attraction of funding, the implementation of intra- and inter-institutional interdisciplinary projects, and qualified academic production. Graduate education at INJC is linked to undergraduate education and to university outreach programs, contributing to high-quality education and training of human resources in the field of food and nutrition. After 75 years, INJC, through graduate education, reaffirms the social and academic role of Brazilian public universities. (AU)

Effects of caffeic and 5-caffeoylquinic acids on cell viability and cellular uptake in human colon adenocarcinoma cells.

Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Issues related to the role of diet in cancer prevention and treatment are featured each year, and, in this context, consumption of hydroxycinanmic acids is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases including cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cellular uptake of caffeic and 5-caffeoylquinic acids and their effects on cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). HT-29 cells were incubated with different concentrations of caffeic and 5-caffeoylquinic acids (1.25 µM to 80.0 µM) from 0.5 to 96 h. Cellular uptake was analyzed by HPLC and LCMS. Cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis was measured, respectively, using MTT method and flow cytometry. Caffeic and 5-caffeoylquinic acids are absorbed, isomerized, and metabolized by HT-29 cells. Both compounds were able to reduce HT-29 cell viability, promoting specific changes in the cell cycle and increased the apoptosis rate. Caffeic acid and 5-caffeoylquinic acid showed inhibitory effects on cell growth, suggesting a modulation of the cell cycle with an increase in apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cells.