Administración de medios de contraste. ¿Existe riesgo de daño renal agudo? / The administration of contrast media: is there a risk of acute kidney injury?

Objetivo: Conocer si la administración intravenosa de contraste yodado en la tomografía computarizada (TC) se asocia a un aumento en los niveles de creatinina y de daño renal agudo. Material y métodos: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo. Incluye todos los pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencias del 2010 al 2015 y que presentaban una creatinina basal (C1) y otra 24-72 horas después (C2). El Comité de Ética y de Investigación aprobó el estudio. Criterios de exclusión: paciente menor de 18 años, creatinina ≤ 0,4mg/dl, ≥4,0mg/dl y administración de contraste en los últimos 6 meses. Al servicio de urgencias acudieron una media de 105.435,6 pacientes/año. Tres grupos de pacientes: 1) TC con contraste (6.642), 2) TC sin contraste (6.193,3) y 3) Sin TC (33.802). Se usaron los criterios de Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKI) y nefropatía aguda por contraste (NAC). Se realizó estudio estadístico bivariante y de regresión logística con el programa (Stata15). Resultados: Se analizaron 52.411 pacientes; depurando datos: 46.637. Edad media: 67,95 años. Valor de C1: media 1,16mg/dl (DE: 0,61) y de C2: 1,14mg/dl (DE: 0,66). Con criterios AKI y NAC: la realización de TC con contraste no se asocia a una mayor probabilidad de desarrollar nefropatía (odds ratio [OR]: 0,90, intervalo de confianza [IC]: 0,83-0,99 y OR 0,89, IC: 0,81-0,98, respectivamente). El estudio "propensity score matching", usando ambos criterios (AKI+NAC), obtuvo una OR de 0,80 y una IC de 0,77-0,84. Pacientes con filtrado glomerular inferior a 30ml/min no asociaron incremento del daño renal (OR: 0,66, IC: 0,47-0,91). Conclusión: La administración de contraste intravenoso, en el grupo de pacientes estudiados, no está asociada a un aumento del daño renal agudo

Objective: To determine whether the intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material for computed tomography (CT) is associated with an increase in creatinine levels and acute kidney injury. Material and methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients who presented at the emergency department between 2010 and 2015 with baseline creatinine measurement (C1) and follow-up creatinine measurement (C2) between 24 and 72hours later. The clinical research ethics committee approved the study. The exclusion criteria were age <18 years, creatinine ≤ 0.4mg/dl or ≥4.0mg/dl, and the administration of contrast media within the previous 6 months. The mean number of patients presenting at the emergency department was 105,435.6 per year. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were classified into three groups: those who underwent contrast-enhanced CT (n=6,642), those who underwent noncontrast CT (n=6,193), and those who did not undergo CT (n=33,802). We used the Acute Kidney Injury Network's (AKIN) and the Contrast-induced Nephropathy Consensus Working Panel's (CIN) criteria. Statistical analyses included bivariate statistics and logistic regression. Stata 15 was used for all statistical analyses. Results: We analyzed 52,411 patients; after data cleansing: 46,637; mean age: 67.95 years; C1: mean 1.16mg/dl (SD: 0.61); C2: 1.14mg/dl (SD: 0.66). With AKIN and CIN criteria: contrast-enhanced CT was not associated with a greater probability of developing nephropathy (odds ratio [OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99] and [OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.98], respectively). The propensity score matching study using both sets of criteria (AKIN+CIN) yielded OR 0.80 [95% CI: 0.77-0.84]. Glomerular filtration rates less than 30ml/min were not associated with increased kidney damage [OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47-0.91]. Conclusion: The administration of intravenous contrast material in the patients studied is not associated with increased acute kidney injury

The administration of contrast media: is there a risk of acute kidney injury? / Administración de medios de contraste. ¿Existe riesgo de daño renal agudo?

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material for computed tomography (CT) is associated with an increase in creatinine levels and acute kidney injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included all patients who presented at the emergency department between 2010 and 2015 with baseline creatinine measurement (C1) and follow-up creatinine measurement (C2) between 24 and 72hours later. The clinical research ethics committee approved the study. The exclusion criteria were age <18 years, creatinine ≤ 0.4mg/dl or ≥4.0mg/dl, and the administration of contrast media within the previous 6 months. The mean number of patients presenting at the emergency department was 105,435.6 per year. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were classified into three groups: those who underwent contrast-enhanced CT (n=6,642), those who underwent noncontrast CT (n=6,193), and those who did not undergo CT (n=33,802). We used the Acute Kidney Injury Network's (AKIN) and the Contrast-induced Nephropathy Consensus Working Panel's (CIN) criteria. Statistical analyses included bivariate statistics and logistic regression. Stata 15 was used for all statistical analyses. RESULTS: We analyzed 52,411 patients; after data cleansing: 46,637; mean age: 67.95 years; C1: mean 1.16mg/dl (SD: 0.61); C2: 1.14mg/dl (SD: 0.66). With AKIN and CIN criteria: contrast-enhanced CT was not associated with a greater probability of developing nephropathy (odds ratio [OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99] and [OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.98], respectively). The propensity score matching study using both sets of criteria (AKIN+CIN) yielded OR 0.80 [95% CI: 0.77-0.84]. Glomerular filtration rates less than 30ml/min were not associated with increased kidney damage [OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47-0.91]. CONCLUSION: The administration of intravenous contrast material in the patients studied is not associated with increased acute kidney injury.

Hemorragia cerebral intraventricular en un recién nacikdo por infección gestacional por Parvovirus B19 / Intraventricular cerebral hemorrhage in a newborn due to Parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy

La infección por Parvovirus B19 (PV B19) durante el embarazo puede causar una amplia variedad de alteraciones fetales como resultado, fundamentalmente, de la afectación de progenitores eritroides, siendo la anemia aplásica y el hidrops fetal la afectación más frecuente y más grave. A diferencia de otros virus de transmisión transplacentaria (TORCH), el PV B19 no parece ser un teratógeno significativo. La afectación fetal descrita en la literatura es amplia, con consecuencias que pueden llegar a ser fatales, de ahí la importancia de un diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento adecuado. Aportamos un caso de recién nacido con hemorragia cerebral intraventricular en infección congénita por PV B19, haciendo mención a la importancia de la ecografía como estudio inicial y de seguimiento (AU)

The parvovirus B19 (PV B19) infection during pregnancy can cause a wide variety of fetal abnormalities as a result of the involvement of erythroid progenitors, being the most commonly and severe disorders associated aplastic anemia and fetal hydrops PVB19 does not seem to be a significant teratogen. Fetal affection by PV B19 has been extensively described in the literature with potentially dismal consequences, making the early diagnosis and appropriate treatment important. We report a new case of a new born with a intraventricular hemorrhage in relation with PV B19 cogenital infection, highlighting the role of US as the main initial and follow-up imaging study (AU)